Stage Description
Prenatal and Infancy Period
Toddlerhood and Preschool
School Age
Milestones
This stage covers the period
from fertilization until the
first year of the child.
This is the stage where
there is a spurt of growth in
the body. The body grows
in length and width as the
organs develop.
This stage covers the period
from one to six years of
age.
This is the stage where the
body continues to
experience growth in length
and width. The extremities
(arms and legs) increase in
length and the senses are
fully developed.
This stage covers the period
of six until eleven years of
age.
This period is characterized
by slow and steady growth
while development of skills
continues to occur. This is
also the stage where the
child begins to put more
importance in peer
relationships.
Needs
 Begins to crawl, sit,  Attention and care
and stand with to establish
support. emotional bands.
 Communication  Healthy food to
through crying. support speedy
 Begins to enjoy growth and
playing. development of the
 Grasps to objects body.
using fingers and  Discipline to
puts them in the establish value
mouth. system.
 Regular
consultation with
the doctor.
 Walks and runs  Support interests
without support.  Continue to instill
 Knows how to do discipline to
self-care such as develop values.
taking a bath,  Teach health habits
eating, dressing, to avoid concerns
toileting, and such as tooth decay
others. and malnutrition.
 Better  Teach how to
communication socialize with other
skills in terms of people.
speech.  Teach safety to
 Begins to write and avoid injuries while
draw. playing
 Develops interests  Consult physician
for sports and other to provide
activities. immunization
 Develops sense of against common
independence. childhood diseases.
 Begins to make
relationship with
people other than
family.
 Loses milk teeth  Establish health
and grows habits to avoid
permanent ones. injuries.
 Develops more  Teach health habits
sophisticated and to avoid diseases.
flexible  Provide emotional
movements. support by listening
 Develops mature to their concerns
digestive system and providing
that helps in the advices.
prevention of food
intolerances.
 Develops more
sophisticated
communication
skills as learned in
school.

Puberty and Adolescence This stage covers the period
of 11-18 years of age.
People often interchange
the terms puberty and
adolescence. However,
there are differences
between them. Puberty is
the period of rapid growth
and development of
secondary sex
characteristics. Examples of
these characteristics are
growth of body hair,
enlargement of breast,
deepening of voice,
broadening of shoulders,
among others. Puberty end
when adolescence begins.
Adolescence is the period
of maturation of the
reproductive system
marked by the onset of
females’ menarche (first
menstruation) and males’
production of sperm. The
maturation of the
reproductive system is
caused by hormones which
bring changes in the body.
Adulthood This period covers the rest
of the life’s years after
adolescence. It is often
described by further
dividing into early, middle,
and late adulthood.
Early adulthood covers the
period from 20 to 40 years
old. It is a stable time for
growth but steady duration
of development. Middle
adulthood covers 40th to
60th years while late
adulthood begins after 60
years old.
 Begins to develop
curiosity about
sexuality.
 May exhibit  Teach safety habits
clumsiness because to avoid injuries.
of not being able to  Teach health habits
control movement to avoid diseases
due to rapid  Provide emotional
growth. support by listening
 Develops sexual to their concerns
feelings towards and providing
others. advices.
 Develops own
sexuality.
 Demands privacy
and independence
 Carries
responsibilities
seriously
 Develops more
logical and abstract
thinking
 Develops own set
of values and
morals.
Early adulthood  Encourage to keep
 Fully develops a healthy diet and
body systems lifestyle to avoid
 Completes physical diseases
growth in terms of  Provide tips on
height how to effectively
 May begin to build manage resources
own family and  Encourage visits
bear children the physician at
 Manages own least annually for a
resources routine check-up
 May live  Show physical and
independently and emotional support
away from the  Assist in doing
family self-help activities
 Reaches peak of such as bathing,
physical efficiency eating, and others
and movement
 Establishes career
and identity
Middle and late adulthood
 Develops
weakening of
 muscles and bones,
which may limit
movement and
activity.
 Develops change in
the contour of body
due to difficulty of
maintaining
posture.
 Develops diseases
and disorders
whether caused by
lifestyle or
genetics.