SCH3U- R.H.

KING ACADEMY CHEMICAL REACTIONS WORKSHEET Name:

Types of Chemical Reactions

A) DECOMPOSTION AB  A + B
During a decomposition reaction, one compound splits into two or more pieces. These smaller pieces can be
elements or simpler compounds.
Examples:
magnesium chloride magnesium + chlorine 2 H2O  2 H2 + O2
calcium carbonate  calcium oxide + oxygen Na2CO3  Na2O + CO2
potassium chlorate  potassium chloride + oxygen Ba(ClO3)2  BaCl2 + 3 O2
iron(III) hydroxide  iron (III) oxide + water Cu(OH)2  CuO + H2O
carbonic acid  carbon dioxide + water 2 H3PO4  P2O5 + 3 H2O
The following rules will help when determining the products of a decomposition reaction.
1. All binary compounds will break down into their elements.
2. All carbonates break down to the metal oxide and carbon dioxide gas.
3. All chlorates break down to the metal chloride and oxygen gas.
4. Metal hydroxides break down to the metal oxide and water.
5. Oxy acids break down to the non-metal oxide (with the non-metal having the same valence) and
water.
Practice Problems: Provide a completed word and full balanced chemical equation for each reaction.
a) nickel (II) chloride  g) Cs2CO3 

b) silver oxide  h) Al(OH)3 

c) nitrous acid  i) H2SO4 

d) iron (III) hydroxide  j) RbClO3 

e) zinc carbonate  k) LiCl 

f) carbonous acid  l) Au(ClO3)3 

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SCH3U- R.H.KING ACADEMY CHEMICAL REACTIONS WORKSHEET Name:

B) SYNTHESIS A + B  AB
During a synthesis reaction, two or more elements or simple compounds come together to form 1 compound.
These are the reverse of a decomposition reaction.
Examples:
sodium + oxygen  sodium oxide Sn + F2  SnF2
lead (II) oxide + carbon dioxide  lead(II) carbonate K2O + CO2  K2CO3
iron (II) chloride + oxygen  iron (II) chlorate BeCl2 + 3 O2  Be(ClO3)2
zinc oxide + water  zinc hydroxide Na2O + H2O  2 NaOH
silicon dioxide + water  silicic acid SeO2 + H2O  H2SeO3

Since synthesis reactions are the reverse of decomposition reactions, reverse the rules from above to
determine the products of a synthesis reaction.
1. Two elements will react to form the binary compound.
2. A metal oxide and carbon dioxide will react to form the metal carbonate.
3. A metal chloride and oxygen will react to form the metal chlorate.
4. A metal oxide and water will react to form a metal hydroxide.
5. A non-metal oxide and water will react to form the oxy acid (with the non-metal having the same
valence).
Practice Problems: Provide a completed word and full balanced chemical equation for each reaction.
a) magnesium chloride + oxygen  g) BeO + CO2 

b) cesium + iodine  h) Al2O3 + H2O 

c) diphosphorus trioxide + water  i) N2O3 + H2O 

d) potassium oxide + water  j) NaCl + O2 

e) barium oxide + carbon dioxide  k) Ga + Br2 

f) silver + sulfur  l) Ca + P4 

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SCH3U- R.H.KING ACADEMY CHEMICAL REACTIONS WORKSHEET Name:

C) SINGLE DISPLACEMENT AX + Y  YX + A or AX + B  AB + X
During a single displacement (also called single replacement) reaction one element replaces another element
in a compound forming a new compound. There are 2 different possibilities.
1. One cation replaces another: AX + Y  YX + A, where both A and Y are cations (usually
metals and hydrogen).
For an element to displace another in a compound, it must be higher up in the activity series than the
element in the compound.
Examples:
copper + silver nitrate  silver + copper (II) nitrate Fe + Cu(NO3)2  Fe(NO3)2 + Cu
calcium + water  calcium hydroxide + hydrogen Zn + HCl(aq)  ZnCl2 + H2

2. One anion replaces another: AX + B  AB + X, where both X and B are anions (usually non-
metals). For an element to displace another in a compound, it must be more reactive than the element
in the compound.
Examples:
chlorine + sodium bromide  sodium chloride + bromine Br2 + 2 KI  2 KBr + I2

Practice Problems: Provide a completed word and full balanced chemical equation for each reaction.
a) aluminum + lead (II) nitrate  g) Al + HCl 

b) chlorine + lithium iodide  h) Zn + H2SO4 

c) iron + silver acetate  i) Pb + AgNO3 

d) aluminum + copper (II) chloride  j) Fe + CuSO4 

e) bromine + iron (III) chloride  k) Li + H2O 

f) barium + water  l) PbI4 + F2 

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SCH3U- R.H.KING ACADEMY CHEMICAL REACTIONS WORKSHEET Name:

D) DOUBLE DISPLACEMENT AB + XY  AY + XB
During a double displacement (also called a double replacement) reaction, the cations and anions of two
different compounds switch places.
Examples: iron (II) acetate + sodium chloride  iron(II) chloride + sodium acetate
2 NaCl + H2SO4  Na2SO4 + 2 HCl AgNO3 + NaCl  AgCl + NaNO3
When an acid and base react, this is a special case of a double displacement reaction called a neutralization
which forms a salt (ionic compound) and water.
Examples: potassium hydroxide + sulfuric acid  potassium sulfate + water
2 H3PO4 + 3 Ca(OH)2  Ca3(PO4)2 + 6 H2O
In some cases, a product will form in the double displacement reaction that will then decompose further.
Whenever H2CO3, H2SO3 and NH4OH are formed in the reaction, they will decompose to CO2 and H2O, SO2 and
H2O and NH3 and H2O respectively.
Examples:
calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid  calcium chloride + carbon dioxide + water
K2SO3 + 2 HNO3  2 KNO3 + SO2 + H2O NH4Cl + NaOH  NaCl + NH3 + H2O

Practice Problems: Provide a completed word and full balanced chemical equation for each reaction.
a) calcium hydroxide + carbonic acid  g) Na2CO3 + H2SO4 

b) potassium carbonate + barium chloride  h) Al(OH)3 + HC2H3O2 

c) zinc phosphate + ammonium sulfide  i) Al2(SO4)3 + Ca3(PO4)2 

d) cobaltic hydroxide + nitric acid  j) Cr2(SO3)3 + H2SO4 

e) silver nitrate + potassium chloride  k) AgC2H3O2 + K2CrO4 

f) ammonium chloride + magnesium hydroxide  l) (NH4)2SO4 + KOH 

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SCH3U- R.H.KING ACADEMY CHEMICAL REACTIONS WORKSHEET Name:

E) COMBUSTION CxHy + O2 (g)  CO2 (g) + H2O (g) or CxHy + O2 (g)  C (s) + CO (g) + CO2 (g) + H2O (g)

In a combustion reaction, a hydrocarbon (a compound made of carbon and hydrogen) reacts with oxygen gas.
There are 2 types of combustion.
1. Complete Combustion: CxHy + O2 (g)  CO2 (g) + H2O (g)
2. Incomplete Combustion: CxHy + O2 (g)  C (s) + CO (g) + CO2 (g) + H2O (g)
Examples:
CH4 + O2 (g)  CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (g) C3H6 + 3 O2 (g)  C (s) + CO (g) + CO2 (g) + 3 H2O (g)
In some cases the hydrocarbon may also contain nitrogen or sulfur, in which case NO2 or SO2 is also produced.
Examples:
C21H24N2O4 + 27 O2 (g)  21 CO2 (g) + 12 H2O (g) + 2 NO2 (g)
2 C2H5SH + 9 O2 (g)  4 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O (g) + 2 SO2 (g)
Practice Problems: Complete a balanced chemical equation for each reaction. Assume complete combustion in
each.

a) C6H6 + O2 (g) 

b) C11H22O11 + O2 (g) 

c) C25H52 + O2 (g) 

d) C2H5OC2H5 + O2 (g) 

e) C4H9OH + O2 (g) 

f) C6H13SH + O2 (g) 

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SCH3U- R.H.KING ACADEMY CHEMICAL REACTIONS WORKSHEET Name:

F) EXOTHERMIC AND ENDOTHERMIC

Many reactions require or release heat and in addition to being classified as one of the types discussed above
can also be classified as exothermic or endothermic. Exothermic reactions are those accompanied by a release
of heat (energy)
Example:
2 H2(g) + O2(g)  2 H2O(g) + Energy
Endothermic reactions are those that require heat (energy) to be added for the reaction to occur.
Example:
CaCO3(s) + Energy  CaO (s) + CO2 (g)

MAKING CONNECTIONS:

1. Use the textbook and Internet to summarize the following concepts and their applications in everyday
life:

a) Catalysts and Catalytic converters (P.201-202)

b) Neutralization Reactions (P. 176 & P. 205-211)

c) Extraction of Metals and Metallurgical Processes (P. 212, 217)

d) Corrosion, Alloys and Corrosion Protection (P. 379)

2. Complete the following Textbook questions.

P. 155 # 4, 6, 7; P. 204 # 5, 9;
P. 169 # 5, 7, 9; P. 201 # 3;
P. 177 # 8; P. 217 # 6;
P. 188 # 71; P. 221 # 6;
P. 197 # 6, 8;

REVIEW - CHEMICAL REACTIONS

P. 244- 253- read over all the questions, attempt as many as possible (write solutions to questions
you find challenging).

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SCH3U- R.H.KING ACADEMY CHEMICAL REACTIONS WORKSHEET Name:

Types of Chemical Reactions

1. For each reaction below, indicate its type and then balance.

a) _____ H2 + _____ O2  _____ H2O

Type: ________________________________________

b) _____ H2O2  _____ O2 + _____ H2

Type: ________________________________________

c) _____ Al + _____ H2SO4  _____ Al2(SO4)3 + _____ H2

Type: ________________________________________

d) _____ CO + _____ O2  _____ CO2

Type: ________________________________________

e) _____ HgO  _____ Hg + _____ O2

Type: ________________________________________

f) _____ KBr + _____ Cl2  _____ KCl + _____ Br2

Type: ________________________________________

h) _____ Cr2O3 + _____ H2O  _____ Cr(OH)3

Type: ________________________________________

i) _____ Pb(NO3)2 + _____ NaCl  _____ PbCl2 + _____ NaNO3

Type: ________________________________________

j) _____ NaNO3  _____ NaNO2 + _____ O2

Type: ________________________________________

k) _____ Ba(OH)2 + _____ H3AsO4  _____ Ba3(AsO4)2 + _____ H2O

Type: ________________________________________

l) _____ C5H12O + _____ O2  _____ CO2 + _____ H2O

Type: ________________________________________

m) _____ As2O5 + _____ H2O  _____ H3AsO4

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SCH3U- R.H.KING ACADEMY CHEMICAL REACTIONS WORKSHEET Name:

2. Complete the following word equations by determining the products of the reaction, then write a
balanced chemical equation and indicate the type of reaction.

a) strontium bromide + fluorine 

b) magnesium + iron (III) oxide 

c) silver nitrate + zinc chloride 

d) nickel (III) carbonate 

e) tricarbon hexahydride + oxygen gas 

f) barium + water 

g) tin (II) hydroxide + phosphoric acid 

h) calcium chloride + oxygen 

i) tetraphosphorus decaoxide + water 

j) lithium bicarbonate + hydrosulfuric acid 

k) acetic acid + nickel 

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SCH3U- R.H.KING ACADEMY CHEMICAL REACTIONS WORKSHEET Name:

Mixed Practice -State the type, predict the products, and balance the following reactions:

1. BaCl2 + H2SO4 

2. C6H12 + O2 

3. Zn + CuSO4 

4. Cr2(SO3)3 + HNO3 

5. Cs + Br2 

6. FeCO3 

7. NaClO3 

8. HCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq) 

9. Bi2O3 

10. Na2O 

11. CaCl2(aq) + Na3PO4(aq) 

12. Na2SO3 + H3PO4 

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SCH3U- R.H.KING ACADEMY CHEMICAL REACTIONS WORKSHEET Name:

13. AlCl3 

14. C2H4 + O2 

15. Pb(NO3)2(aq) + BaCl2(aq) 

16. Zn + AgNO3 

17. Al + P4 

18. H2SO4(aq) + NaOH(aq) 

19. NaI + MgS 

20. Cl2 + NaBr 

21. C6H12O6 + O2 

22. KOH(aq) + CuSO4(aq) 

24. Na2CO3 + H2SO4 

25. (NH4)2S + Cd3(PO4)2 

26. (NH4)2S + Co(OH)3 

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