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RPH REV Highlighted
RPH REV Highlighted
CAVITE MUTINY – San Felipe in Caviteo on January 21, 1872 HUMUNU - Land with two springs
SHIFT IN OPINION
17th CENTURY
Due to rediscovery and attentive study of 2 primary sources namely: Pigafetts’s
FATHER FRANCISCO COLIN S.J- one of Jesuit historian, Labor Evangelica publish in account and Albo’s log
Madrid in 1663
THE EVIDENCE OF LIMASAWA
LABOR EVANGELICA - 3 volume edition annotated by Fr. Pablo Pastells S.J
1. Alba’s Log Book
HUMUNU - first island they touch, small uninhabited island near Guiuan Point
2. Pigafetta’s Evidence
BUENAS SENAS - they name the other islets
a. Testimony regarding the route
SAN LAZARO – Name of the whole archipelago
b. Pigafetta’s map
EASTER SUNDAY – First mass and the solemn planting of the cross
c. 2 native kings
FR. FRANCISCO COMBERS S.J - Wrote Historia de Mindanao y Jolo d. d. 7 days at Mazaua
FR. COMBES ACCOUNT ADMIRAL ALONSO DE MAGALLANES - Discover the e. e. Argument from omission
Archipelago
3. Summary of evidence of Albo and Pigafetta
3 POWERFUL NATION AMONG PINTADOS: CARAGA, SAMAR, ZEBU
4. Confirmatory evidence from Legazpi expedition
ZEBU – Reach mandawe on April 7, 1521
CHAPTER 8
THE CAVITE MUTINY OF 1872 FILIPINO VERSION – A RESPONSE TO INJUSTICE
2 FACES OF 1872 CAVITE MUTINY Dr. Trinidad Herminigildo Pardo de Tavera – Wrote the Filipino version of this
bloody tragedy in Cavite
2 MAJOR EVENTS HAPPEN IN 1872
Action of Filipino soldiers and workers who is dissatisfied in abolition of their
privilege
1. 1872 Cavite Mutiny
2. Martyrdom of 3 martyr priest name Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos and Jacinto He blamed Gov. Izquierdo for his cold-blooded policies
Zamora (GOMBURZA) JANUARY 20,1872 – 200 men rose in arms and assassinated Spanish soldiers
A. SPANISH VERSION: PLANNED CONSPIRACY CENTRAL GOVERNMENT OF SPAIN – Welcome an education decree authored by
- Jose Montero y Vidal- highlight as attempt of Indios to overthrow Spanish Segismundo Moret
government
- Gov Gen. Rafael Izquierdo-use it to implicate the native clergy who was UNVARYING TRUTH
active in call for secularization 1. Dissatisfaction among workers in arsenal after privilege were drawn back by
Gen. Izquierdo
- Main reason of revolution- Scored that the abolition of privileges enjoyed by
2. Strict and rigid policies of Gen. Izquierdo
Cavite arsenal workers like non-payments of tributes and labor force
3. Central Government failed to conduct investigation
exemption 4. Happy days of friars were numbered when Central Government in Spain
- Gen. Izquierdo- report to King of Spain that the rebels want to throw Spanish decided to deprive them from government affairs and educational
government and install a new “hari” in the likes of Father Burgos and Zamora management
- Native clergy enticed other participant by giving charismatic assurance that 5. Filipino clergy members actively participate in secularization to allow Filipino
fight will not fail because priest to hold parishes
- God is them and promise reward of enjoyment, wealth and army rank 6. Filipinos are active participants and they deemed it as injustice
- Firing of rockets in Intramuros- signal of revolution 7. GOMBURZA execution was ablunder on Spanish part.
- January 20,1872- feast of Virgin of Loreto in Sampaloc celebrated with
fireworks
- Those in Cavite mistook that fireworks is the sign so 200 men lead by
Lieutenant Lamadrid launch attack targeting Spanish authority in arsenal
- Iron-fisted Gen. Izqueirdo- order reinforcement to quell the revolution
- Lieutenant Lamadrid- killed Other were sentence to death, suspended from
law practice, life imprisonment in Marianas Island
ANALYSIS RIZAL’S RETRACTION
CHAPTER 9 FR BALAGUER - said he receive an exact copy of retraction written and signed by
THE RETRACTION OF CONTROVERSY OF Rizal
- Received in the evening preceding Rizal’s execution
RIZAL No one claimed to have seen I except the publisher of L Voz Espanola
TEXT OF RIZAL’S ALLEGED RETRACTIONS MAY 18, 1935 – Lost original document
I declare myself a Catholic and in this religion in which I was born and SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COPIES
educated I wish to live and died 1. Instead of the words “mi cualidad” (with u) – “mi calidad” (without you)
2. Jesuits copy omit the word “Catolica” after the first “Iglesias”
I retract with all my heart whatever in my words, writings and 3. Jesuits copy add before the third “Iglesias” the word “misma”
publications. 4. Fr. Balaguer text does not begin the second paragraph until the fifth
sentences
And conduct has been contrary to my character as a son of the Catholic
5. Original text have 4 commas while Fr. Balaguer copy has 11 commas
Church. I believe and I confess whatever she teaches and I submit to whatever
6. Fr. Balaguer copy did not have the names of witness from text of
she demands. I abominate Masonry, as the enemy which is of the Church and as a newspaper in manila
society prohibited by the Church 7. 20 YEARS LATER – Fr. Balaguer name the witness Senor Fresno, Chief of
The Diocesan Prelate may, as the Superior Ecclesiastical Authority, make the Picket and Senor Moure, Adjutant of the Plaza
8. FR. BALAGUER – Dictate to Rizal the short formula, he Receive 2 orinigal
public this spontaneous manifestation of mine in order to repair the scandal
copies
which my acts may have caused and so that God and people may pardon me
▪ CHANGES WHICH YOU WAS MADE
▪ THAT OF THE ARCHBISHOP (EXACT COPY)
CARTOGRAPHIC CHANGES
➢ Pugadlawin is not identified as barrios
➢ Kalookan and balintawak – mark by Spanish and American maps
➢ 1943 – Map of Manila mark Balintawak separate from Kalookan and Diliman
➢ 1956, 1987, 1990 MAPS – Confirms the existence of Barangay bahay toro but
od not define their boundaries.
➢ BALINTAWAK – No longer in Quezon but replace by Several barangay
CONLUCLUSION
➢ Pugadlawin was never officially recognized as place name on Philippine
map before World War II