Grade 8: Assessment

Use the information below to answer questions

Hailey will need to include methods of heat transfer in her model. What type of heat
transfer takes place from the sun to Earth?
A. convection
B. conduction
C. expansion
D. radiation

The ozone layer absorbs energy and protects life on Earth. Some chemicals, called
CFCs, have damaged the ozone layer. Which of these explains what
happens when the ozone layer is damaged?
A. Fewer UV rays reach the Earth's surface.
B. Fewer UV rays are absorbed by the atmosphere.
C. More UV rays are reflected back toward space.
D. Other parts of the atmosphere make up for the damaged ozone
layer.

What causes wind? Choose the two answers that apply.

A. uneven heating of Earth’s surface
B. warm air sinking while cold air rises
C. air movement from high to low pressure
D. air movement from low to high pressure

Which instrument measures wind speed?

A. wind vane
B. rain gauge
C. anemometer
D. speedometer

Alex reads about Darwin's research and observations on the Galápagos Island
finches. Originally, the finches may have all looked alike.
Eventually one adaptation evolved differently in each population
based on the type of food they ate.
A. wing size
B. feather color
C. beak shape
D. body size

What is natural selection?

A. a process by which modern organisms have descended from
ancient organisms and changed over time
B. the natural process by which something takes place
 C. the process by which individuals better adapted to their environment
are more likely to survive and reproduce
D. any change to genetic material

What are other causes of extinction? Choose the three that apply.
A. climate change
B. competition
C. mutation
D. disease

Circle the phrases that correctly complete the paragraph.

The greenhouse effect supports life on Earth. It is caused when energy from the sun is
(absorbed by oceans / trapped by the atmosphere / reflected by the atmosphere /
reflected from Earth). If the concentration of carbon dioxide gas continues to increase, it will
cause (temperatures to increase / temperatures to decrease / sea levels to decrease /
increased glaciers) on Earth.
Sal knows of several different ways to transfer heat to cook food. Read each example in the
word bank of how heat is transferred in the kitchen. Use the graphic organizer to classify
phrase into the correct column.

boils water • melts butter in a hot pan • microwaves chocolate cake •

heats a tortilla in a pan on the stove • toasts a marshmallow over an open
flame • heats apple cider until steam rises from the pot

Conduction Convection Radiation

Answer
Michael gives examples of the differences between microevolution and macroevolution. Use the
graphic organizer to match the specific examples from the word bank to the correct type of
evolution.

small sparrows evolving larger bodies • sheep developing curly

wool • single-cell organism evolving into a fish • dogs evolving
from wolves

Microevolution Macroevolution

Answer

Compare between body fossil and trace fossils

Body Fossils Trace Fossils

Answer PP.269
Answer PP.269
 1. What are homologous structures?

2. What are fossils? How fossils form?

Answer From your book pp.268

3. Which layer will absorb most of UV radiation?

4. Explain How Ozone layer is protecting Earth?

Answer from pp.344

5. Explain the green house effect?

Answer from pp.346

6. Write difference between thermal energy and temperature?

Answer from pp.347

7. What are methods of heat transfer?

Answer from pp.348

8. What causes Wind?

Answer from pp.353

9. What is the difference between land and sea breeze?

Answer from pp.355

10. Explain what is the coriolis effect?

Answer from pp.357

What is the jet streams?

Answer from pp.359

Write diference between ELNINO and AlNiNa events?

Answer from pp.366

Book pp.290 Assessment