Spreading

It is very necessary to spread the fabric properly for cutting. There

are large tables in the cutting department to spread the fabric.
Several fabric layers are spread on these tables for mass
production. The length of fabric spread on the table is kept as per
requirement and the number of layers of fabric to be spread is
determined according to the cutting machine or cutting order.  
Spreading is the process of unwinding large rolls of fabric onto long,
wide tables and laying them in superimposed plies of specified
length.

Laying parameters
 Pattern matching.
 Relaxing the fabric to remove all the tensions.
 Alignment of ply edges in correct position over each other.
Methods of Fabric Spreading:

 Completely manual laying-up;

Due to the low cost of labour, the accessibility of employees, and the
relative expediency of the process, this is the way that is most
widely utilised in our nation. With this technique, a roll of fabric is
grabbed and its one end is attached to one side of the table before
spreading is carried out manually. To meet the needs of fabric
spreading, a considerable number of personnel are needed to
complete this procedure.
 Electrically driven laying-up by spreading machines (Semi-
automatic or fully automatic)

A cloth spreading device that is electrically driven and controlled has

mechanisms for reversing its direction of travel, controlling its high
and low speeds, triggering a safe failure at low speed in the event of
a power outage, and detecting open circuit conditions brought on by
various adjustments to the device's operation.

 Manual laying-up aided by spreading and cutting off

devices;

The cloth in roll shape can be transported along the table while
being supported by a frame, with one end being clamped or
weighted down to keep it in place. The operators align the edges
and make sure there are no wrinkles or additional stress as they go
back from the end. Typically, the ply is cut with powered circular
knives placed on frames or hand shears. This method of spreading
is appropriate for patterns like checks, stripes, and other repeating
designs.

 Manually driven, mechanized laying-up using carriages;

One ply at a time is dispensed onto the spread as the piece of cloth is carried
from end to end by the spreading machine. At the table's edges, there is a
frame or set of carrier wheels that travels on guide rails, together with a
support for the fabric and guide collars to ensure proper unrolling. In the
sampler versions, the operators clamp the fabric's free end in line with the
spread's end, move the spreader to the other end, cut the ply in line with that
end, move the spreader to the other end, clamp the start of the next ply, move
the spreader to the other end and so on.
Problem solution
 Repetitive motion  Use ergonomic tools
injuries and equipment
 Back injuries  Rotate tasks
 Awkward postures  Use mechanical aids
Human working  vibration  provide adequate
 Noise  Take breaks and
 stretch
 Dust and chemical  Maintain good working
exposure conditions

problem solution
 Uneven ground  Use ergonomic
equipment
 Exposure to the  Train workers on
elements proper techniques
Environmentally  Hazards and obstacles  Use personal
protective equipment
 Wildlife encounters  Conduct regular risk
assessments
 Workload and physical  Provide worker
demand education

problem solution
 High capital  Conducting regular
investment maintenance
 Technical difficulties  Providing training
 complexity  investing in safety
Equipment equipment
 limited flexibility  implementing noise
and vibration
 safety hazards
 noise and vibration