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My topic is about "interface design"

What is User Interface (UI) Design?

User interface (UI) design is the process designers use to build
interfaces in software or computerized devices, focusing on
looks or style. Designers aim to create interfaces which users
find easy to use and pleasurable. UI design refers to graphical
user interfaces and other forms—e.g., voice-controlled
interfaces.

Designing User Interfaces for Users

User interfaces are the access points where users interact with
designs. They come in three formats:

1. Graphical user interfaces (GUIs)—Users interact with

visual representations on digital control panels. A
computer’s desktop is a GUI.
2. Voice-controlled interfaces (VUIs)—Users interact with
these through their voices. Most smart assistants—e.g., Siri
on iPhone and Alexa on Amazon devices—are VUIs.
3. Gesture-based interfaces—Users engage with 3D design
spaces through bodily motions: e.g., in virtual reality
(VR) games.
To design UIs best, you should consider:
• Users judge designs quickly and care about usability and
likeability.

• They don’t care about your design, but about getting

their tasks done easily and with minimum effort.
• Your design should therefore be “invisible”: Users

shouldn’t focus on it but on completing tasks: e.g.,

ordering pizza on Domino’s Zero Click app.
• So, understand your users’ contexts and task flows

(which you can find from, e.g., customer journey

maps), to fine-tune the best, most intuitive UIs that
deliver seamless experiences.
• UIs should also be enjoyable (or at least satisfying and
frustration-free).

• When your design predicts users’ needs, they can

enjoy more personalized and immersive experiences.
Delight them, and they’ll keep returning.
• Where appropriate, elements of gamification can make

your design more fun.

• UIs should communicate brand values and reinforce
users’ trust.

• Good design is emotional design. Users associate good

feelings with brands that speak to them at all levels
and keep the magic of pleasurable, seamless
experiences alive.
UI vs. User Experience (UX) Design
Often confused with UX design, UI design is more concerned
with the surface and overall feel of a design. UI design is a craft
where you the designer build an essential part of the user
experience. UX design covers the entire spectrum of the user
experience. One analogy is to picture UX design as a car with
UI design as the driving console.

“Interfaces get in the way. I don’t want to focus my energies on

an interface. I want to focus on the job.”

— Don Norman, Grand old man of UX design

How to make Great UIs

To deliver impressive GUIs, remember—users are humans, with
needs such as comfort and a limit on their mental capacities.
You should follow these guidelines:

1. Make buttons and other common elements perform

predictably (including responses such as pinch-to-zoom) so
users can unconsciously use them everywhere. Form should
follow function.
2. Maintain high discoverability. Clearly label icons and
include well-indicated affordances: e.g., shadows for
buttons.
3. Keep interfaces simple (with only elements that help
serve users’ purposes) and create an “invisible” feel.
 4. Respect the user’s eye and attention regarding layout.
Focus on hierarchy and readability:

0. Use proper alignment. Typically choose edge (over

center) alignment.
1. Draw attention to key features using:

Color, brightness and contrast. Avoid including

•

colors or buttons excessively.

• Text via font sizes, bold type/weighting, italics,

capitals and distance between letters. Users

should pick up meanings just by scanning.
Minimize the number of actions for performing tasks but focus
on one chief function per page. Guide users by indicating
preferred actions. Ease complex tasks by using progressive
disclosure.
Put controls near objects that users want to control. For
example, a button to submit a form should be near the form.
Keep users informed regarding system responses/actions with
feedback.
Use appropriate UI design patterns to help guide users and
reduce burdens (e.g., pre-fill forms). Beware of using dark
patterns, which include hard-to-see prefilled opt-in/opt-out
checkboxes and sneaking items into users’ carts.
Maintain brand consistency.
Always provide next steps which users can deduce naturally,
whatever their context.
The resources: https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/topics/ui-design
UI Design Challenges and How to Deal
with Them:
1. A lack of time
As an industry, UI / UX designers have less time to create each
project. This means that they have to come up with efficient
strategies to complete their work in an efficient manner. These
strategies can include using lightweight design tools, creating
libraries of reusable designs, and using animations for a better
user experience.

2. No knowledge about the target audience

If you are not sure about the target audience, there are two
main things you should do. First, find out the industry that
your product is in. Second, find out what your competitors
are doing.

In order to design effective UI & UX for a new product or

service, it is important to know who you are designing for.
For example, if your product targets less “tech-savvy”
people then you may want to make the design extra simple
with guides and tutorials. Extra features like pointers when
a user has been inactive on a screen for an extended period
of time may be very useful for the user.

The resources: https://bootcamp.uxdesign.cc/ui-design-challenges-and-how-to-deal-with-them-2437535cae16