Alvarez, A. G. (2020, June 29). Teaching in the new normal.

Publishing
Inc.: https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1861856/Da
vao/Lifestyle/Teaching-in-the-new-normal
Aslam, M. (2014). Capacity building of teachers needs top priority. Digital
Learning Network.https://digitallearning.eletsonline.com/ 2014/11/capacity-
building-of-teachers-needstop-priority/
Crawford, J., Butler-Henderson, K., Rudolph, J., Malkawi, B., Glowatz, M.,
Burton, R., Magni, P.A., Lam, S. (2020). COVID-19: 20 countries’ higher education
intra-period digital pedagogy responses. Journal of Applied Learning and
Teaching, 3(1), https://doi.org/10.37074/jalt.2020.3.1.7
Downing, J. J., & Dyment, J. E. (2013). Teacher educators' readiness, preparation,
and perceptions of preparing Preservice teachers in a fully online environment:
An exploratory study. The Teacher Educator, 48(2), 96-109.
https://doi.org/10.1080/08878730.2012.76 0023
Habibu, T., Al Mamun, M. A., & Clement, C. K. (2012). Difficulties faced by
teachers in using ICT in teaching-learning at Technical and Higher Educational
Institutions of Uganda. International Journal of Engineering Research &
Technology 1(7), 1-9
Writing the
LITERATURE
Review of
LITERATURE
The process of compiling, classifying, and
evaluating what other researchers have
written on the certain topic
Related
LITERATURE
Examines the facts and principles from
other resources that are related to the
present study
 FORMAT OF LITERATURE REVIEW

INTRODUCTION BODY CONCLUSION

 FORMAT OF LITERATURE REVIEW

The general problem and the variables (constructs)

should be defined.

Example: Why is Public Speaking Anxiety existing?

INTRODUCTION • Lack of training and preparation
• Limited Knowledge on the topic
• Teacher factor
 FORMAT OF LITERATURE REVIEW

Every important data should be highlighted to effectively

discuss the problem or the variables

Example: Modular Distance Learning Students’

Opportunities and Challenges in Academic Writing
INTRODUCTION
During the Time of Pandemic: A Narrative Research
FORMAT OF LITERATURE REVIEW

DISCUSS EACH VARIABLE/ CONSTRUCT

• Academic Writing
• Filipinos Skills in Academic Writing
BODY
• Modular Distance Learning
• Challenges During the Time of Pandemic
• Opportunities During the Time of Pandemic
• Theories Related to the Topic
FORMAT OF LITERATURE REVIEW

SYNTHESIS
CONCLUSION
• What does the whole RRL say about?
• Make generalization in one paragraph