Midterm Authentic Assessment

Readings in Philippine History

PART 1

NAME: JEM RIZCEL B. SALCENA YR and SEC: II-BEED

PART I. Directions: For the questions below, please write an essay that addresses the
stated questions based on our discussion of Readings in Philippine history. Respond to
each item deserving of points.

1. Differentiate primary and secondary sources of historical records, Identify

possible repositories of primary sources; and Appreciate the importance of
history in the social and national life of the Philippines. (20pts)

Primary sources are those sources that can be considered to be the ones that are the
most directly connected to the genesis of the information. They include unprocessed
information, which means that it is up to the researchers to interpret it. The main
sources that secondary sources are based on are typically interpreted by those
secondary sources. The major distinction between the two types of sources is that
primary sources concentrate on first-hand accounts or primary materials originating
from an event or person, whereas secondary sources originated from an analysis of
primary evidence or an opinion on primary evidence.

2. Look up a historical event in the Philippines that you'd like to learn more
about. Explain why you chose to study it and what primary sources you will
need to gather more information. List the secondary sources you will use
to fully research the event. What have you discovered after gathering the
necessary sources? (20pts)

Learning more about one of the important historical events in the Philippines, the EDSA
People Power Revolution in 1986, is the historical event that most fascinates me as a
student. The People Power Revolution, popularly known as the EDSA Revolution or the
February Revolution, took place from February 22 to 25, 1986, largely in Metro Manila.
Regime violence and electoral fraud were resisted by civil resistance. Ferdinand
Marcos' 20-year dictatorship ended with the peaceful revolution. I have chosen this
because the aforementioned historical occurrence in the Philippines has served to raise
awareness among Filipinos regarding the importance of being discerning, attentive, and
cautious when evaluating the veracity and reliability of information sources pertaining to
said event.

To gain a deeper comprehension of this momentous occurrence, it is imperative to

gather primary sources such as news articles and archived videos from the era,
speeches and written works authored by prominent figures such as Corazon Aquino
and Ferdinand Marcos, and firsthand accounts from individuals who were directly
involved. The utilization of historical books and documentaries, scholarly journals
pertaining to the subject matter, and interviews with experts in Philippine history as
secondary sources will be employed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the
incident. The aforementioned sources have contributed to my understanding of the
long-term impact of the revolution on Philippine politics and society, as well as the
diverse experiences of different groups involved in the uprising and the involvement of
foreign entities in the conflict.

The EDSA Revolution serves as a testament to the potential of popular sovereignty to

effect change, as it demonstrated the capacity of the masses to overthrow a formidable
autocrat without resorting to violent means. The revolution underscores the pivotal
function of media in disseminating information and galvanizing individuals. The Marcos
regime gained notoriety for its violations of human rights, encompassing acts such as
torture, extrajudicial killings, and enforced disappearances. The authoritarian regime
was distinguished by prevalent malfeasance, as the governing body was permeated
with favoritism networks and cronyism. The EDSA People Power Revolution garnered
recognition for the significance of engaged citizenship and the imperative for individuals
to proactively assume responsibility and demand accountability from their leaders.

3. From the chosen historical event you answer in #2, Fill out the Written
Analysis Worksheet below: (50pts)

WRITTEN DOCUMENT ANALYSIS WORKSHEET

1 Type of Document

● Newspaper Article
2 Characteristics of the Document

● The present article pertains to a particular occurrence, namely the Edsa

People Power Revolution that took place in the Philippines. This study
incorporates a diverse range of sources including interviews, viewpoints,
historical accounts, political analyses, and perspectives from individuals
who were present during the revolution. The composition incorporates
diverse references and is composed in a journalistic style.
3 Date it was written and published

● February 25, 2019

4 Author of the Document

● DJ YAP is a journalist from the Philippines.

 Credibility of the author in writing this document

● The reliability of the author in terms of his or her ability to write this
text. DJ Yap is a journalist that works for the Philippine Daily
Inquirer. In addition, he is a maker of documents. He has more
than 10 years of experience working as a writer, during which time
he has written about a wide range of topics, including business,
politics, and foreign events. Because of his work, he has been
recognized with a number of awards, one of which being the
Human Rights Work Award given to him by the Foreign
Correspondents Club of the Philippines in 2018.

5 For WHOM this document was written

● This written work caters to the Filipino populace and individuals who
possess a keen inclination towards Philippine politics and history,
particularly those who seek to gain further insights regarding the Edsa
People Power Revolution.
6 Document Information. Answer the following questions:

A. List three things that describes the document that you think is
important.
○ The article discusses the incomplete nature of the revolution and
its implications for the present state of Philippine democracy,
including the challenges it currently confronts.

○ The article covers the Edsa People Power Revolution, a significant

historical occurrence in Philippine history that led to the removal of
an oppressive ruler and the restoration of democratic governance.

○ The article offers a comprehensive overview of the revolution and

its consequences through the presentation of diverse perspectives
and observations from multiple sources.

B. Why is this document written? Cite the evidence from the document
on why it was written?
○ The purpose of the document is to provide a reflection on the
legacy of the Edsa People Power Revolution and to commemorate
its 33rd anniversary. The objective of the document is to furnish a
comprehensive summary of the revolution and its consequences,
while also contemplating the predicaments that Philippine
democracy currently confronts. The author asserts in the
introductory passage that the 33rd anniversary of the people power
 revolution is commemorated with a wistful and yearning sentiment,
evoking a time when citizens inundated the thoroughfares and
terminated autocracy, when leaders prioritized the nation over
personal interests, and when the populace united to attain a
shared objective.

C. Narrate the authenticity/Genuity of the document

○ The authenticity of the document can be ascertained as it was
authored by a journalist who has a reputation for being impartial
and precise, and subsequently published by a recognized
newspaper. The sources cited in the paper, including historians,
political analysts, and witnesses of the revolution, are deemed
reliable.

D. What is the relevance of the document?

○ The significance of the report lies in its comprehensive analysis of
the Edsa People Power Revolution and its enduring impact on the
Philippines. The aforementioned text sheds light on the challenges
that Philippine democracy encounters, such as corruption,
inequality, and human rights violations. Additionally, it emphasizes
the need for sustained activism and vigilance to safeguard the
achievements of the uprising.

Part II. Fill out the graphic organizer below to write your response.

Caricature Describe the Meaning Important Issue

Title Objects/People Clues Presented
that you see
Philippine The book of The Philippine During the Philippine
Cartoon caricature by cartoons aforementione cartoons depict
Alfred Mccoy and effectively d time period, American
Alfred Roces conveyed the Alfred McCoy times. It shows
consist numbers ways in which and Alfredo Filipino
of caricature the impact and Roces conditions, the
drawn on it. The influence of the collaborated to Philippines
first cartoon Americans compile under America,
shows Tondo were reflected political social, political,
politician Dr. in the cartoons that and cultural
Santos handing circumstances were published changes
over his crown to of Filipinos and in newspaper during the
his brother-in-law, the Filipino dailies and American rule.
Dr. Barcelona. nation as a periodicals.
Filipinos tried to whole. As a
 deny Barcelona result, the
the title. Second, exhibition of
June 16, 1917, these cartoons
The Independent. represents a
A starving Filipino crucial
child stole a resource for
skinny chicken. the study of
Police pursued our history.
the child
mercilessly. A
salakot-wearing
man grabbed the
officer and told
him to leave the
small-time
pickpockets and
thieves and go for
the big thieves.
And The final
cartoon satirized
the city's
extraordinary
colorum cars. The
Philippine Free
Press released
this statement
after too many
tragic colorum
vehicle and cab
accidents.

The William Pitt, the The concept The two are Gillray is
Plumb-Puddi Prime Minister of that the two currently making the
ng in Danger the United nations could slicing up a argument that
Kingdom, can be coexist and pudding that the two
seen sitting on the cooperate in stands in for ambitious
left side of the an amicable the entire empires will be
photograph, manner is planet. unable to
across from lampooned in Between the divide the
Napoleon the cartoon. years 1793 planet between
Bonaparte. Both Gillray is and 1815, themselves
men can be seen making the Britain and and will, as a
tearing greedily at argument that France were result, be
the globe in an the two nearly forced to fight
ambitious continuously at to the death.
effort to get a empires will be war with one
greater section. unable to another.
divide the
planet between
themselves
and will, as a
result, be
forced to fight
to the death.