NATIONAL UNIVERSITY - LIPA

Course
Section

Subject

ARTICLE CRITIQUE – SPECIAL QUIZ

#1
(To young Filipinos who never knew martial law and dictatorship)

Submitted by:

Andrew Keegan Rosales

Submitted to:

Alea Shane V. Alcantara

2022
 I. Summary
 Include information about the rationale of the study/article, if there is a
method used to address the research question, what the results obtained, and the
implications of the findings. Include important points about the read article and add
factual statements to verify the points.

II. Relevance
Explains the rigor and thoroughness of the research/article and its possible
potential impact on society. The reader can make recommendations as to whether it
should be published or requires further work. 

III. Personal Implication

Summary of your evaluation of the research study/article, it should be both
positive and negative evaluation.

IV. Recommendation, Comments, and Suggestions

Possible reco’s or suggestions. And identify and describe any major impact
the article (it can be a specific part/concept of the article) could have on society,
history, scientific literature, or future knowledge.

V. Reference
Use APA Citation 7th Edition (for references)

Times New Roman – 12

Normal Margin
1.5 Spacing

Rubrics for 30 points:

Statement of context, relevance in the field of history – 10 pts

Reader’s/Students evaluation – 7 pts
Overall organization and clarity of explanation – 3 pts
Fact-checking / appropriate details – 5 pts
Correct use of citation – 5 pts
I. Summary

on September 21, 1972, martial law was imposed on the Philippines. It was 40 years
ago today that Filipinos rallied to oust one of the most despicable leaders in world
history. Bong bong Marcos' son claims his country would have become another
Singapore if his father hadn't been deposed. Marcos' supporters used the phrase
"peace and order" to impose their version of order on the country. Those who had the
guts to speak out against the Marcos regime were silenced.

Marcos's allies want you to forget the long struggle against dictatorship, and the
uprising that finally brought it down as wasted effort. It's like telling our heroes and
those who waged past struggles in our history that everything that happened,
everything they did was a waste.

II. Relevance

Sunken in poverty - By the time the Marcos regime ended, six out of ten families
were poor, up from four out of ten before Marcos assumed power in 1965. The daily
income of agricultural workers fell by at least 30 percent, from P42 in 1962 to P30 in
1986, according to the Martial Law Museum, which stated that "poverty worsened"
over the course of the dictatorship. Farmers' pay even decreased to P23 in 1974, just
following the imposition of martial law. The daily salary for skilled workers and
unskilled workers, respectively, dropped from P127 and P89 in 1962 to P35 and P23
in 1986.

Billions stolen - "The Conjugal Dictatorship," the original account of the Marcos
martial law dictatorship, should be read by everyone. It provides first-person accounts
from a former member of President Ferdinand Marcos' inner circle and is jam-packed
with information about the excesses of the dictatorship as well as the personal lives of
the First Couple and their allies. On December 21, 1990, the Swiss Federal Supreme
Court ruled that the dictator and his family had hidden $356 million in Swiss banks.
In 2003, the Philippine Supreme Court approved the seizure of the funds in favor of
the Philippine government. The dictator's wife was found guilty of seven counts of
graft in 2018 by the anti-graft court Sandiganbayan in connection with private
foundations set up in Switzerland while she served as a government employee from
1978 to 1984. She was given a prison term ranging from six years and one month to
eleven years on each crime, but she has not served any time since posting a $300,000
bail. In 2018, it was reported by the late former president Corazon Aquino's
Presidential Commission on Good Government that P171 billion had already been
recovered from the ill-gotten gains of the Marcoses and their cronies.
 Examines positive and negative aspects of potential strategies to address an issue
following a few detrimental consequences of martial law in the Philippines.
However, those methods do not consider the users' background knowledge and
preferences, and they express an article. They might create an online survey, conduct
focus groups, complete interviews or read some literature.

III. Personal Implication

The following are some advantages of martial law:

It should be remembered, though, that riots did happen frequently in the decades after
the civil war. The administration of the time was able to put an end to the
disturbances, establish peace and order, and ensure that life continued as usual or
almost as usual by instituting martial law. The Philippines used the resources at its
disposal during the martial dictatorship, which came with excessive control over the
state's resources, to develop a robust economic model and build its infrastructure.

Some of the negative effects of the Martial law in the Philippines:

In fact, the repeated declaration of martial law created a negative precedent, which
President Marcos successfully used to give himself the legislative and judicial
branches of government in 1972. Despite the recent rise and fall of multiple tyrants in
the Philippines, the desire for self-gratification at the expense of one's freedom and
democracy still continues to be common. While early declarations of emergency did
have some factual support, which led to their imposition, later declarations did not,
and Marcos used this as an opportunity to undermine the 1935 constitution's core
foundation. He then drafted a constitution designating certain organizations,
particularly the communists, as enemies of the state. Remember that the communist
party, which was frequently among the main Marcos opponents, was home to some of
the people who opposed the Marcos government and its accoutrements of
aggrandization. The main opponents of Marcos vanished during this time, and it is
easy to imagine why.

With the 1973 constitution, however, democracy—or at least a semblance of

democracy—was restored, and Marcos became president. Because Marcos was now
free to literally hunt down all of his opponents under the cover of an emergency,
which is exactly what he did, the majority of human rights organizations frequently
see this time as one of the darkest.

IV. Recommendation, Comments, and Suggestions

As head of state and commander in chief of the armed forces, the president has the
authority to impose martial law "in event of invasion or insurrection, when the public
safety needs it." The majority of countries employ a different legal concept, such as
"state of emergency."
V. Reference

https://globalnation.inquirer.net/49932/to-young-filipinos-who-never-knew-martial-
law-and-dictatorship

Aide confirms illness of Marcos.” The New York Times, December 4, 1984, accessed
February 10, 2016

https://www.nytimes.com/1984/12/04/world/aide-confirms-illness-of-marcos.html

Presidential Decrees Nos. 108-227 and Related Documents. Book Two: Consolidated
Edition. Manila: National Book Company. 1973.

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1973/01/25/presidential-decree-no-108-s-1973/

never forget the Conjugal Dictatorship

https://opinion.inquirer.net/144330/never-forget-the-conjugal-dictatorship

Marcos’ martial law: Golden age for corruption, abuses

https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1490968/marcos-martial-law-golden-age-for-corruption-
abuses