Athletics (100 m):

Athletics includes the sports of track and field. Running, jumping, and throwing are among
the sports events included in athletics. In a sports stadium, track and field competitions take
place on the running track or on a field inside the track. Typically, these tracks are
constructed of synthetic rubber, which is composed of rubber particles bonded with latex or
polyurethane. Cross-country running, road running, marathon running, and race-walking are
other athletic competitions that do not take place in a track and field facility. Athletic
competitions are widely popular worldwide. Sports like running, jumping, and throwing are
typically combined in athletics. Marathons, hurdle races, long distance, and short distance
events are all types of running competitions. The high jump, long jump, triple jump, and pole
vault are among jumping competitions. Javelin, discus, hammer, and shot put are examples
of throwing events. The 100-metre (109.36 yd) sprint, the shortest regular outdoor running
distance, is one of the most renowned and well-liked competitions in the sport of athletics.
Since 1896 for men and 1928 for women, it has been contested at the Summer Olympics.
"The fastest man or woman in the world" is frequently used to describe the current
100-metre Olympic or world champion.

History of Athletics:
The history of athletics, usually referred to as track and field competitions, may be traced
back to Greece in the ninth and tenth century B.C. In 776 B.C., the inaugural Ancient
Olympic Games were held, and the sport of athletics was so well-liked that it was included.
The only competition was a 600-foot footrace, which was won by Elis-based Greek cook
Koroibos. In 200 B.C., athletics gained popularity in Italy before being outlawed in 394 A.D.
due to pagan festivities. The Amateur Athletic Club and Championships helped revive
athletics in England in the 19th century [1]. In 1913, the International Amateur Athletic
Federation was established, and the modern Olympics brought athletics back into the global
spotlight.

General Rules of Athletics:

The general rules of athletics are designed to ensure fair play, good sportsmanship, and
respect for opponents:
● A runner must always wear sneakers or athletic shoes during the game.
● The starting and finishing points of all races, including those for athletes using a
wheelchair, are the same [2].
● Athletes must comply with the specific rules for each event to ensure fair competition
and athlete safety [1].
● The use of performance-enhancing drugs or other banned substances is strictly
prohibited [1].
● Athletes must compete without assistance or interference from others [1].
● Any unsportsmanlike conduct, such as cheating or intentionally harming an
opponent, is not allowed [1].
● Athletes are responsible for knowing the rules and regulations of their sport [3].
Famous Personalities:
Michael Phelps:
Phelps is a retired American swimmer who holds the record for the most Olympic gold
medals won by an individual athlete. He has 23 gold medals and 28 medals overall in his
career, setting multiple world records in the process.

Simone Biles:
Biles is an American artistic gymnast who is widely regarded as one of the greatest
gymnasts of all time. She has set numerous world records and has won a total of 30 Olympic
and World Championship medals.

Liam Stanley:
Stanley is a para athlete from New Zealand who recently set a world record pending
ratification. He will join the exclusive list of athletes who hold world records.

Chantal Petitclerc:
Petitclerc is a Canadian para athlete who holds the world record in the T54 200m event. She
has won a total of 21 Paralympic medals, including 14 golds.

Noah Ngeny-
Noah Ngeny is a retired Kenyan middle-distance runner who specialised in the 1500 metres.
He was born on November 2, 1978, in Kapsabet, Kenya. Ngeny won the Olympic gold medal
in the 1500 metres at the 2000 Sydney Olympics, setting a new Olympic record in the
process. He also won a silver medal at the World Championships in 1997.

Tournaments:
● Olympics: A major international multi-sport event held every four years, where
athletes from different countries compete against each other in various sports.
● World Athletics Indoor Championships: An indoor track and field athletics
championships organised by the International Association of Athletics Federations
(IAAF) every two years.
● FIFA World Cup: A men's international football tournament held every four years.
● Wimbledon Tennis: One of the four Grand Slam tennis tournaments held annually in
London, England.
● Rugby World Cup: A men's rugby union tournament held every four years. These are
just a few examples of the numerous athletic tournaments and championships that
take place worldwide.