Detailed Lesson Plan in Science

I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to:

Lesson 3

a. Describe the motion objects in terms of how far they travel in a certain
amount of time and the direction in which they travel; and
b. Compute the speed of an object

Lesson 4

c. Distinguish gravity and friction in terms of motion;

d. Explain how gravity and friction change the speed of an object; and
e. Appreciate the importance of gravity and friction in our daily life through
giving examples.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Lesson 3 and 4 Force and Motion (Continuation)
Materials: Visual aids, board, pictures
References: SCI2: Teaching Science in Elementary Grades (Physics,
Earth and Space Science) Page 1-8
Strategy: 4A’s
Approach: learner centered approach
Values Integration: cooperation and respect

III. Procedure

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. Preliminary Activities

Greetings
“Good evening class” “Good evening teacher, good evening classmates,
good evening”
“How are you today?” “we are all good teacher”
“Well, that’s great!”
 Prayer
“Before we begin the lesson, please all rise
and let us pray first” (Student will lead the prayer)

“Okay, Ryan please lead the prayer” “Our Father in Heaven…”

Classroom Management
“Before you take your seat, please pick a
piece of papers under your chairs and kindly
(Students will pick up the trashes and will
arrange it properly”
arrange their chairs)

“You may now take your seat”

Checking of Attendance
“Okay class, who’s the absent this
“No one teacher”
afternoon?”
“Very good! I like that, you are all active in
my class”

B. Review
“Okay class, so what was our lesson last “It’s all about Force and Motion teacher”
meeting?”
“Very good, it’s all about Force and Motion”
“What is Force again?” “Force is a push or a pull teacher”
“Yes, Recelyn?”
“Very good! How about Motion?” “Motion is the process of changing position, in

“Yes, Jeany Ann?” other words, movement.”

“Very good! What are those types of “Types of motion are up and down motion,

Motion?” straight line motion, round and round motion,

zigzag motion and back and forth motion.”

“Very good class, I’m glad that you all

remember our lesson last meeting”

C. Motivation
(Student Listening)
“To start our lesson for this afternoon, we
will be having an activity first”
“For this activity, you will analyze and
write S if it is for speed, D if it is for distance and
 T if it is for time.” (Student Listening)
“You have 2 minutes to answer this activity,
you may now start”

Directions:
Analyze and write S if it is for speed, D if it
(Student Listening)
is for distance and T if it is for time.

Answer:

1.

=S

2.

=D

3.

=T

=D
4. 10 Miles
=T
5. 6 Seconds
=S
6. mph
=T
7. 20 hours
8. 3 kilometers =D
9. 12 feet =D
10. kph =S
11. 8 hours =T
12. 10 kilometers =D
13. 7 seconds =T
14. 12 hours =T
15. meter per second =S

D. Presentation
“Okay class, so what did you observe in our
activity?” “It’s all about speed, distance and time teacher”

“Very good, it’s all about speed, distance

and time”

E. Discussion
“So, for today’s lesson class, we are going
(Student Listening)
to describe the motion of an object”

 In everyday life motion is so common. We are

surrounded by moving things. Some move slowly (Student Listening)
while others move much more quickly.
 Some travel in a straight line like the car and (Student Listening)
some move in circular motion like the earth.
 All our activities involve movement. We have to
move in order to complete our tasks. Motion will (Student Listening)
always be part of our daily life.

What is Motion?
- Motion is the change in position of an object (Student Listening)

with respect to the time.

 The motion of an object can be calculated using
(Student Listening)
this formula. “Speed is equal to distance traveled
over time of travel.”

Speed = Distance
Time
  If you know the distance an object travels in a (Student Listening)
certain amount of time, you can calculate the
speed of the object.

Speed (Student Listening)

- Speed of an object is the distance the object

travels in one unit of time.

(Student Listening)
 To calculate the speed of an object, divide the
distance the object travels by the amount of time
it takes to travel that distance.

Any combination of units for distance and time that

are useful and convenient are legitimate for
describing speed:
 Miles per hour (mi/h) (Student Listening)
 Kilometers per hour (km/h)
 Centimeters per day
 Light-years per century

Example A:
Cheetah is the fastest land animal over distances
(Student Listening)
less than 500 meters and can achieve peak speeds of 100
km/h. We will primarily use the unit meters per second
(m/s) for speed. If a cheetah covers 50 meters in a time of
2 seconds, its speed is 25 m/s.

Speed = Distance
Time
S = 50 m
2s
S = 25 m/s
(Student Listening)

Example B:
A car runs at a speed in 2 hours to cover a 150 km
distance. What is its speed?

Speed = Distance
 Time
S = 150 km
2h
S = 75 km/h
(Student Listening)

Example C:
A tricycle drove to a passenger’s house that 20
meters away from the station in 10 minutes. What is the
speed of the tricycle?

Speed = Distance
Time
S = 20 m
10 min (Student Listening)
S = 2 m/min

Example D:
Ana took a 5 – hour bicycle trip. In all, he travelled
120 kilometers. What was his average rate of speed?
(Student Listening)

Speed = Distance
Time
S = 120 km
5h
S = 24 km/h

If we calculate the Time of an object:

(Student Listening)
Example E:
Xyrus drives at an average speed of 45 kph on a
journey of 135 km. How long does the journey take?

To find the time, we need to divide distance by speed.

Time = Distance (Student Listening)

Speed
T = 135 km
 45 kph
T = 3 hours

If we calculate the Distance of an object: (Student Listening)

Example F:
Danilo runs at an average speed of 8 kph. If he runs
for 6 ½ hours, how far does he travel?

To find the distance, we need to multiply speed by

time.
(Student Listening)

Distance = Speed x Time

D = 8 kph x 6 ½ hour
D = 52 km (Student Listening)

“Okay now, let’s proceed to the Force of

Gravity”

What is Gravity? (Student Listening)

- Is a force of attraction that exists between any
two masses, any two bodies, any two particles

Why is there Gravity?

- In theory, all mass emits tiny particles called (Student Listening)
gravitons, which are responsible for
gravitational attractions.
What is the difference between Mass and Weight?
 Mass – is the amount of matter it contains.
 Weight – is the measure of a force exerted on the
object by gravity.

Some examples of the force of gravity include:

 The force that causes a ball you throw in the air to (Student Listening)
come down again.
 The force that causes a car to coast downhill even
when you aren’t stepping on the gas. “Yes teacher!”

 The force that causes a glass you drop to fall to

 the floor.

Gravity always pulls things like desks, books or (Student Listening)

people down. So, when you jump, gravity causes you
to land on the ground.

“So that is the Force of Gravity, do you

understand class?”
“Okay, so now let’s proceed to the Force of
Friction”
(Student Listening)

What is Friction?
- Is a force that occurs when one object rubs
against another object.
- Is a force that acts to resists sliding between “Kinds of surfaces and Force pressing the
two surfaces that are touching. It can slow surfaces together teacher”
down or stop the motion of an object. The
slowing force of friction always acts in the
direction opposite to the force causing the
motion.

“What are the two factors determine the

amount of friction?”
“It probably moves smoothly teacher”
“Yes, Ana please read”

“Okay very good”

“It probably wouldn’t move much teacher”

“Friction is a force that holds back the
movement of a sliding object.”

Examples:
What would happen if you try to slide across the
smooth floor?
“Very good, you probably with move smoothly (Student Listening)
right?”
What if you try to slide across the wooden rough
floor?
“Yes, very good, you probably wouldn’t move
much”

(Student Listening)
 Why it’s easier to slide in the smooth surface
floor, than the rough surface floor? Simply it’s
because of Friction.
 The rougher surface, the more friction, the
smoother surface, the less friction.

Types of Friction:
 Rolling friction (Student Listening)
 Dry friction
 Fluid friction ex. Swimming

“Friction is a resistance force that prevents or

(Student Listening)
slows down the motion”

Uses of friction in our daily lives:

 Driving of vehicles on the surface
(The students will group into 4)
 Walking on the road
 Drilling a nail into a wall (Choose their group leader)
 Sliding on a garden slide

“Friction is very important in our daily lives”

(Student Listening)
F. Application
“Okay so since we are done discussing, let’s
apply your understanding about we discuss Answer:
earlier”
S = 105 miles
- The teacher will divide the class into 4 3h
groups. S= 35 mph
- Choose your group leader likewise your
secretary.
- For this group activity, you will answer S = 268 miles

the speed of the problem by using the 6.5 h

formula. S = 44 mph
 Speed = Distance
Time

Solve each problem: S = 35 miles

1. A tarpon (a type of fish) can travel 105 miles in 3 7h

hours. What is its average speed? S = 5 mph, therefore the orca swims faster.

S = 400 km
2. A bluefin tuna can swim along and cover 286 miles in 2h
a typical school day of 6.5 hours. What is its average S = 200 km/h
speed while you spend your day in class?

3. An Orca can travel at an average cruising speed of 8

mph. A great white shark can cruise a distance of 35
“Motion is the change in position of an object
miles in seven hours. What is the great white shark’s
with respect to the time.”
speed, and which animal cruiser faster?

4. Marcial runs at a speed of 2 hours to cover a 400 km

“Speed is equal to distance traveled over time
distance. What is its speed?
of travel”

“Friction is important in our daily life because

G. Generalization
by friction we can light a matchstick, it enable

“So, before we end our class, what is motion us to write on paper, enable us to stop a moving

again?” object, enable us the carpenter to fix the pill in

the wall, enable us to erase the writing and

“Yes, Alexandra?” enable us to hold anything. That is why friction

is very important to our daily life.”
“Very good, what formula should we use to
calculate the motion of an object?” “Gravity is very important because that’s the

“Yes, Nholfia?” reason why we have weight, why we naturally

stay on the ground, why planes need to generate
“Very good, can you please explain why lift to get up into the air, and even why objects
friction is important in our daily life?” and planets stay in orbit.”
“Yes, Jeany ann?”
 “None teacher”

“Very good, how about the gravity?”

“Yes, Recelyn?”
Answer:

S = 300 km
3h
“Very good class so that conclude our topic S = 100 km/h
today.
“Any questions?”
S = 200 m
50 s
IV. Evaluation S = 4 m/s

Direction: Find the speed, time and distance of the S = 300 m

following moving bodies. Write your answer in a one 5h
whole sheet of paper. (Show your solution) 2 pts each. S = 60 m/h

1. A jeepney runs for 3 hours to cover a 300 km distance. S = 200 m

40 s
S = 5 m/s

2. Tony runs at a speed in 50 seconds to cover a 200-

S = 100 km
meter distance.
2h
S = 50 km/h

3. A boy runs at a speed in 5 hours to cover a 300-meter

distance.
= 5 hours
= 4 hours
= 10 hours
4. Ronnie runs at a speed in 40 seconds to cover a 200-
meter distance.

= 60 kilometers
5. If a car travels 100 kilometers in 2 hours, find the
= 455 kilometers
average speed.
 Answer
For number 6 – 8 calculate the time, how long does it = The difference between gravity and friction,
take to travel? is that the gravity always pulls down. So, when
6. 100 kilometers at 20 km/h? you jump, gravity causes you to land on the
7. 180 kilometers at 45 km/h? ground. However, friction does not get things
8. 250 kilometers at 25 km/h? down. Instead friction occurs when something
like a machine or individual pulls on a sliding
For number 9 – 10 calculate the distance that you would object in the opposite direction of another
travel if you drove for: object.
9. 2 hours at 30 km/h
10. 7 hours at 65 km/h

Essay:
1. What is the difference between gravity and friction?
10 pts.

V. Assignment

Solve the problem:

1. The distance covered by both a car and a jeepney was
20 km. The speed of the car was 10 km/h, while that of
the jeepney was 40 km/h. Which of the two reached the
destination first? (Formula: Time = distance/speed) 5 pts.

Prepared by:

Monien R. Isidoro BEED 2- E

Denmark Jay Lipao-pao

Jeaneveb Sigua Lantao

Jonna Maagad Himalao