USE of lidar

(case study)
Vedant Sanjay Hedau
1900701036
 What is lidar?
o Lidar, which stands for Light Detection
and Ranging, is a remote sensing method
that uses light in the form of a pulsed
laser to measure ranges (variable
distances) to the Earth.

o These light pulses—combined with other

data recorded by the airborne system —
generate precise, three-dimensional
information about the shape of the Earth
and its surface characteristics.
 Lidar architecture
o Lidar architecture is the art of lidar
system instrumentation (including
hardware and software).

o Lidar design is based on the

understanding of physical interactions
and processes related and the lidar
simulations to design a lidar system that
meets our measurement goals.
 USE of Lidar In architecture
o Architects, Contractors and many other
professionals are increasing the quality
of delivered projects through building
information modelling (BIM). LiDAR laser
scanning delivers high-quality
information for BIM.

o LiDAR sensors can generate accurate

data for surface but also under
structures such as bridges and utilities,
providing information about the
structure in entirety.
 The mayan
civilisation
LIDAR Scans Reveal
Maya "Megalopolis"
Below Guatemalan
Jungle
 THE Synopsis
o In what’s being hailed as a “major
breakthrough” in Maya archaeology,
researchers have identified the ruins of
more than 60,000 houses, palaces,
elevated highways, and other human-
made features that have been hidden for
centuries under the jungles of northern
Guatemala.
 THE Synopsis
o Using a revolutionary technology known
as LiDAR (short for “Light Detection And
Ranging”), scholars digitally removed the
tree canopy from aerial images of the
now-unpopulated landscape, revealing
the ruins of a sprawling pre-Columbian
civilization that was far more complex
and interconnected than most Maya
specialists had supposed.
 The achievement of Lidar
o The project mapped more than 800
square miles (2,100 square kilometres) of
the Maya Biosphere Reserve in the Petén
region of Guatemala, producing the
largest LiDAR data set ever obtained for
archaeological research.

o The LiDAR images make it clear that this

entire region was a settlement system
whose scale and population density had
been grossly underestimated
The difference that lidar creates
The difference in topo-surface visible to study.
The existing topography
With Lidar Generated BIM
 The Conclusion
o The forest of Guatemala, that was once
stated as an uncharted forest that had
ruins of the Maya Civilization; now
stands as completely charted and known
land that revolutionized he facts known
to man about the Maya Civilization.

o Lidar played a major part to simplify the

process and provided means to chart
these land in the first place.
 Further advancement
o This survey was the first phase of the
PACUNAM LiDAR Initiative, a three-year
project that will eventually map more
than 5,000 square miles (14,000 square
kilometres) of Guatemala’s lowlands, part
of a pre-Columbian settlement system
that extended north to the Gulf of
Mexico.
 Lidar in
offices
Use of Lidar in place of
the traditional
methods in
architecture offices.
 Lidar
o One of the sensors used for media mapping and positioning is the LIDAR. The
working principle of the LIDAR sensors is based on the principle that a beam of
light sends a object of its origin as a result of hitting any object and returning.

o Distance = c T / 2

o The Rp-LIDAR scanner collects data from a range of 6-7 meters with a 360 degree
full lap scan. In a 2-D plane, the point cloud collects data from the beam. It has a
scan speed of 5.5 Hz and 10 Hz. This LIDAR type, which uses a laser triangular
measurement method, achieves high accuracy in closed environments
 implementation
o The application is made in a house 160 m2 in real time. 4 rooms, 1 kitchen, 2
bathrooms and 1 toilet were drawn on a scale close to the actual plan. Firstly,
measurement was done with tape measure and laser distance meter. Later, walls
and distances were detected and mapped in LIDAR scanned environment and the
map was transferred to AutoCAD.
 implementation
o In traditional methods a person needs to use tape or a laser distance meter shall be
used manually to get the measurements. However, in both methods, the
measurement person should draw sketches, and write the measurements regularly
and verify the measurements on the drafts. Sketches made in Figure 3 show only a
part of drafts.
Plan generated
by manual method
 implementation
o The method proposed in the article is the measurement technique with LIDAR, in a
very short time, it was determined that it could draw draft plans by sending point
clouds to the boundaries in the space. Moreover, it can be transferred to AutoCAD,
which is a frequently used drawing program by architects, is also very easy
 implementation
o In traditional methods a person needs to use tape or a laser distance meter shall be
used manually to get the measurements. However, in both methods, the
measurement person should draw sketches, and write the measurements regularly
and verify the measurements on the drafts. Sketches made in Figure 3 show only a
part of drafts.
Early scan
 implementation
o In the study, reference was accepted as the width of the door. Considering that the
standard door gap is 80 cm, other dimensions of the plans in the AutoCAD program
have also emerged automatically. In Figure 7, the map generated by LIDAR is
transferred to AutoCAD.

o First of all, measurements were made using traditional methods. Then, the wall
lengths of the rooms were measured and the total size of the house was calculated
in square meters. In the AutoCAD, other wall sizes were determined by reference to
door width 80 cm.
Primary CAD Drawing
 implementation
o In Fig. 8, kitchen wall length was measured with reference to standard 80 cm
kitchen door. Kitchen wall length determined as 490 cm with traditional
measurements. With the LIDAR measurement the door was taken as a reference
and was found 510 cm. This method was done for all house walls and the
measurements were determined and 95.7% accuracy was obtained.

o It was found that the margin of error was at an acceptable level compared to the
results obtained with in-situ measurement. The drawings transferred to the
AutoCAD in two ways are shown in Fig. 7.
Final CAD Drawing
 Conclusion
o The application consists of two parts, as seen in section 3, and the results were
compared. The advantages of technology are once again understood by comparing
the traditional measurement techniques and the measurement and measurement
times of LIDAR.

o LIDAR usage is supported in architecture offices and it is emphasized that both

time and labour can be gained. There may be occasional errors in human
measurement and it may be necessary to go back and take measurements again.
However, it takes seconds to take the measurement again with the LIDAR.
THANKS