PAES 515-2008
Captive Bolt - Specifications
blank cartridge - use in captive bolt that contains
gunpowder but without bullet
bolt -metal that extrudes from the captive bolt
bullet/round - solid projectile made of metal propelled by a
firearm or gun
captive bolt - stunner that uses kinetic energy to project bolt
into the forehead of the animal to render it unconscious
cartridge - metallic case containing the bullet, gunpowder
and the primer
stunning - process of rendering animal unconscious
stunning box - slaughterhouse equipment used to restrain an
animal to facilitate stunning
Classification
1. According to form
 pistol type - resembles a pistol or a gun
 cylinder type - resembles a cylindrical tube
2. According to driving power
 cartridge type - uses blank cartridge explosion to
propel bolt
 pneumatic type - uses compressed air
3. According to Type of bolt tip
 penetrating - uses a concaved bolt tip to penetrate
skull to sever the brain
 non-penetrating type - uses a mushroom shaped
bolt that causes concussion on the cranium and
brain without penetrating the skull
Fabrication Requirements
bolt - non-corrosive material with diameter ranging from 10-
14 mm; extraction length of 120 for penetrating and 70
mm for non-penetrating
(pneumatic type) - min. operating pressure of 1.2MPa (170
psi)
Signs of Effective Stunning
 The animal shall collapse instantly.
 Rhythmic breathing shall be absent.
 Eyes shall be fixed and shall have a glazed
expression.
 Corneal reflexes shall be absent.
 The jaw of the animal shall be relaxed.
 The tongue of the animal shall be hanging out.
PAES 516-2008
Captive Bolt - Methods of Test
caliber - measure of bullet diameter relative to the diameter
of the bore of the firearm
extraction length - total length of bolt measured from
muzzle to tip or head
insensibility - state of animal's response to pain
overall length - total length of captive bolt measured from
the ip or head up to the opposite end
overall weight - total weight of captive bolt excluding the
blank cartridge, power load and hose
stunning efficacy - ratio of number of animals stunned
successfully with single application to the total number
of animals stunned
vocalization - animal sound
Test animal- at least 500 kg
operation of bolt-projected at right angle to forehead of
animal
3 trials
PAES 507-2007
Dehairing Machine Specifications
dehairing capability - max. weight of a hog a machine is
capable of dehairing per loading
dehairing efficiency - ratio of hair removal to the total
amount of hair
dehairing machine - equipped with rotating flexible paddles
used in removing hair from animal carcass after scalding
dehairing shaft - high-grade stainless steel shaft where
scraper paddles are rigidly fastened
dehairing wheels/star wheel - circular bar with radial arms
where scraper paddles are attached
gambrelling table - table used to receive and prepare
dehaired carcass before suspending
J bar - ribbed mechanism that resembles a J bar that serves
as support during dehairing and also used in unloading
dehaired hog
scalding - subjecting an animal into steam or hot water to
prepare it for dehairing
scraper blade - slightly bent steel material attached to the
scraper paddle that is used to directly to remove hair
scraper paddle - resilient flexible rectangular block-shaped
rubber serving as base material for the scraper blade
scraper blade assembly - composed of three or more
paddles with blades attached together
Classification
1. According to presence of dehairing wheel
 with dehairing wheel - star wheels are present
where 3 to ten paddles can be attached
 without dehairing wheel - paddles are directly
attached to the shaft
2. Orientation of dehairing shaft
 vertical or horizontal
Principle of Operation
-12 to 15 seconds of dehairing until 95% of hair is removed
Fabrication Requirements
- at least 12 paddles for capacity not more than 80 kg and at
least 16 for above 80 kg
-minimum scraper blades per paddle is 3
- power requirement shall not be lower than 2.24 kW (3hp)
-speed reduction shall not be less than 1:100
Performance Requirements
-95% efficiency/ 96 dB (A)
peripheral speed of 0.5-0.7m/s
PAES 508-2007
Dehairing Machine - Methods of Test
dehairing rate - number of hogs dehaired per unit time,
expressed in heads per hour
dehairing time - actual time of dehairing a single hog, sec
discharge height - measurement of highest position of J bar
during loading from the base of the machine
effective dehairing height - measurement of the bottom of
the j-bar's holding chamber from the base of the
dehairing machine
effective dehairing width - actual width of the mechanism
measured from both end sides of the paddle parallel to
the dehairing shaft
receiving height - measurement of maximum height of the
J-bar in receiving position from the base of the machine
live weight - weight of hogs prior to slaughter
Test Material
- locally raised hogs, weight ranges from 70-120 kg 121 kg
and above; at least 3 that falls the minimum limit and al
least3 that falls the maximum limit
PAES 519-2008
Dehider - Specifications
air motor assembly - part of the handheld flayer that
contains the air motor which actuates the movement of
the blades by allowing air flow supplied by compressor
blade assembly - composed mainly by two blades that move
in a countermotion
hide clamp - part of the roller drum in vertical puller to
which the hide is hooked prior to pulling
roller drum - part of the vertical puller which rolls and pulls
the hide to separate it from the carcass
Classification
1. handheld flayer - euipped with cutting blades attached to
the air motor assembly aided by an air compressor
2. hide puller - uses roller drum and cylinders to pull the
hide of the animal away from the body
 vertical puller - uses roller drum connected to an
electric motor
 side puller - makes use of actuating cylinders either
hydraulic or pneumatic
PAES 520-2008
Dehider - Methods of Test
blade clearance - distance between two blades
Test Material
- live weight not less than 500 kg, at least 3 animals
Performance Test - carried out to obtain actual data on
overall performance and safety features of the equipment
PAES 503-2007
Hog Electric Stunner- Specifications
blood splash - blood clots formed on muscle tissues
conveyor restrainer - restrainer that uses conveyor system
hot wanding - charging of electric prods prior to application
of stunner
knurling - series of ridges or grooves on the surface or edge
of prods to ensure contact during stunning
prod - tip of electric stunner to which the revolving spurs are
attached
revolving spurs - spiked wheel attached to head-only type to
improve contact with the head of animal to be stunned
stunner - device used to make animal unconscious prior to
sticking and bleeding
stunning - process of rendering animal unconscious
Classification
1. manual Application type
 head-only type - allows current to pass through the
brain rendering animal unconscious
-tong type - caliper type
 head-to-back type - one prod is positioned at the
head and the other one is positioned on the
back/body of the hog
2. Automatic/Head-to-foreleg type - integrated in the
conveyor restrainer wherein electrodes are made in contact
with the foreleg and forehead of animals
Performance Requirements
-constant frequency of 60 Hz and constant amp 1.25amps
PAES 504-2007
Hog Electric Stunner- Methods of Test
stunning effectivity - ratio of total number of hogs stunned
to the total number of hogs
stunning performance - ratio of total number of hogs that
did not die immediately after stunning to the total
number of hogs
Test Material
- body length of 1.2-1.5 m and live weight of 75-250 kg
- at least 10 hogs of various live weights
PAES 501-2007
Hog Restrainer - Specifications
counterweight - piece of mass that has almost equal weight
to that of the entrance gate attached to one end of the
cable and acts as operating lever of the vertical entrance
gate
counterweight guide - keeps the counterweight in its line of
motion
discharge wall - part of the restrainer which can be tilted on
one side, known as dumping side, to release hog after
stunning
drop floor - flooring designed to suspend the hog during
disengagement
drop floor lever- used to reset the drop floor
dump lever - opens the dumping side of the restrainer to
release hog from the restrainer
entrance gate - allows the livestock to access the restrainer
false floor - solid floor at the bottom of automatic restrainer
for the animals to walk down to the entrance
floor lock - keeps the drop floor in its locked position
hydraulic cylinder/pneumatic cylinder
Classification
1. manually operated - has a dump lever
2. semi-automatic - uses compressed fluids to actuate
movements of discharge wall by cylinder actuation
- hydraulic type -pneumatic type
3. automatic - uses conveyor system
PAES 502-2007
Hog Restrainer - Methods of Test
dumping angle - optimum angle that the discharge wall can
tilt from initial-dumping position
dumping position - position of discharge wall that allows
discharge of stunned hog
dumping time - time it takes the semi-automatic restrainer
to tilt discharge wall
girth - measurement around hog's body just behind the
forelegs which is used to compute for the estimated live
weight of hog
overall height - from top of walls to its base
overall length - from the gate to the opposite end
overall width - between side wall of the equipment and
discharge wall in its original position
Test Material
-with body length of at least 1.2-1.5 m and estimated live
weight of 75-250 kg
- at least 3 falling on the minimum limit and at least 3 falling
on the maximum limit
PAES 505-2007
Hog Scalder - Specifications
boiler - a vessel to which water, air and fuel are supplied to
generate steam
dehairing machine - mechanical assemble equipped with
rotating flexible paddles used in removing hair from
animal carcass after scalding
release cradle - used to remove hogs from scalder
scalder/scalding tank - can contain water which is heated to
loosed the animal hair fro follicles
scalding - process of subjecting animal to heated water to
loose hair from follicles
schedule - refers to the standard thickness of commercially
available pipe which is relative to the applied pressure
and material strength
solenoid valve - an electromechanical valve used to
automatically shut on/off steam lines
thermostat - device to control and keep required
temperature
Classification
1. horizontal scalder
 steam heated - uses perforated steam pipes
 gas heated - uses a burner
 solid fired - uses biomass fuel for heating
2. vertical scalder - integrated in automatic slaughterhouses
wherein hogs are scalded while being hung on the
overhead railing. makes use of spray heads connected to
boiler to spray hot water throughout the body of hog.
Performance Requirements
1.horizontal scalder - maintain temperature of 60-62C for
about 4mins
*for solid fired -keep the same for approx. 30mins
2. vertical scalder - water temperature of 60-62C
PAES 506-2007
Hog Scalder - Methods of Test
perforation interval - distance measured from the center of
the pipe perforation to the center of the adjacent
perforation
rib interval - distance between the ribs of release cradle
release angel - optimum angle the release cradle can swing
Scalding Efficiency - test hog shall be divided into 3
portions
 front - from snout to shoulder part and forelegs
 middle - includes loin and belly parts
 back - includes ham, hind legs and tail
- 10 trials
PAES 511-2007
Overhead Rail System for Hogs - Specifications
corbel - horizontal protruding rectangular block from the
column of the building that gives support to the main
rail frame
gambrel - horizontal supporting bar where the carcass is
attached through incision in the hind feet
hog side - separate half of the split hog
hog trolley frame - yolk-like flat steel bar where trolley
wheel is mounted
hoist - device for lifting or lowering a load by means of a
drum or lift-wheel around which chain or rope wraps
moving load capacity - maximum load capacity of a rail
track in a 1000 mm distance
overhead rail - suspended solid steel track used to hang or
convey carcass
overhead rail frame - solid horizontal beam where rail track
is securely fastened
rail hanger/basket - steel material that supports and holds
the rail track suspended from the overhead rail frame
rail height - height of rail measured from the top of rail to
floor
rail scale - electronic weighing device integrated to an
overhead rail system
rail spacing - center to center distance between railings
rail switch mechanical retracting rail that allow change in
direction of trolley
rail track - conveyor track where trolleys are hanged and
allowed to roll
retained rail - rail branch where suspected carcass is
diverted for further inspection
shackle chain - solid metal chain used to hold the hog for
lifting
track size diameter - specified dimensions of track rail,
expressed in mm
trolley - suspended metal carrier assembly with one or two
wheels and a hook used to carry or transport carcass
trolley pin - holds trolley wheel in frame
trolley swivel - circular steel bar hook attached to the lower
end of the trolley that allows rotation of the suspended
hogs
trolley wheel - circular pulley like steel material that rolls
freely on the rail
Classification
1. power source - depending on power drive
 manually operated - manual pushing or pulling
 semi-mechanized - only selected portions are
mechanized
 mechanized - continuous at a constant travel speed
2. number of rails
 monorail
 double rail
3. rail shape
 rectangular-rail
 cylindrical-rail
Performance Requirements
- traveling capacity of 250 hears/hour with load and 200
head/hour without load
- moving load capacity of 1000 kg for manual and 2000 kg
for automatic
- vibrations up to 20 Hz
- minimum rail scale capacity = 500 kg
PAES 512-2007
Overhead Rail System for Hogs - Methods of Test
radius of curvature - measurement of upward and
downward inclination of the rail track from a reference
horizontal plane
Test Material
- 10 test weights of at least 100 kg each for manual type and
at least 20 pieces for automatic type
PAES 517-2007
Overhead Rail System for Large Ruminants -
Specifications
splitting -dividing the carcass into half through its backbone
spreader - horizontal supporting bar used for separating the
hind legs of hung animal to a distance suitable for
evisceration and splitting processes
stopper - auxiliary part of the overhead rail system used to
halt the trolley to slide on the rail track during operation
Process Flow for Large Ruminants
 animal entry - stunning - bleeding - dehiding - feet
and head cutting - evisceration - splitting and
quartering - carcass washing - carcass hanging -
carcass weighing - storage - dispatching
Performance Requirements
- maximum moving load of 2 tons per meter
- track scale with capacity of 2000 kg
- vibration of 20 Hz
PAES 518-2007
Overhead Rail System for Large Ruminants -Methods of
Test
bending/flexural stress - caused by bending moment at a
given point in the beam supporting the overhead rail
system
fracture - deformation caused by excessive stress applied to
the overhead rail system
sagging - failure due to inelastic instability of the overhead
rail system
tensile strength - average normal stress at any point on the
cross-sectional area of the overhead rail system
Test Material
- at least 500 kg each; number of test weights depends in the
standard moving load capacity of 2 tons/meter
PAES 523-2008
Platform Specifications
floor plate - serves as the flooring for the operator to stand
on
floor plate height - distance measured from the floor plate
to the finished floor line
guard rail - provide safety for the operator
hand rail - designed to be grasped by the operator when
ascending, descending or moving horizontally
platform - equipment used by the operator when performing
slaughtering process
platform control/switch - auxiliary part of the mechanical
platform that regulates the speed and controls the
vertical-horizontal movement of the platform
side travel - sideward or horizontal movement of the
platform
Classification
1. Stationary platform - has fixed for specific applications
2. Mechanized platform - can move horizontally or
vertically
 motorized
 hydraulic
 pneumatic
2.1 vertical platform and horizontal platform types
Performance Requirements
Stationary Platform - support max load of 350 kg
Mechanized - support max load of 375 kg
- 96 db(A)
PAES 524-2008 Classification
Platform - Methods of Test 1. manual-hand saw
2. mechanical splitting saw
Test Materials 2.1 based on splitting action
Stationary Platform  circular saw
- 14 pieces of test weights of at least 25 kg each  continuous band saw
Mechanized Platform  reciprocating saw
- 15 pieces of test weights of at least 25 kg each 2.2 based on power source
 electric system
Performance Test  hydraulic system
Stationary Platform  pneumatic system
- Maximum Load Test
- Balance Test Fabrication Requirements
1. manual hand saw
Mechanized Platform - 4 teeth per cm at 762 mm blade length
- Maximum Load Test - 10 TPC at 30 inches blade length
- Speed Test 2. Circular saw
 with load and without load - 72 teeth
 percent speed reduction
Performance Requirements
minimum of 3 test trials - efficiency of 80%
- 3500 to 4000 rpm or 75 m/s
PAES 509-2007 - 96 dB (A)
Splitting Saw for Hog Carcass - Specifications
*gross weight shall not exceed 18 kg for small-medium and
blade guard - safety cover for cutting mechanism 32 kg for large-scale throughput
blade holders - holding mechanism for hand saw that
tightens and keeps the blade in vertical position PAES 510-2007
blade teeth - small sharp points along the cutting side of the Splitting Saw for Hog Carcass - Methods of Test
saw
cutting blade - blade of a saw with small, sharp metal teeth blade speed - linear displacement of teeth per unit time,
along the cutting edge mm/s
drive shaft - delivers rotating motion from the motor to the bone dust - particles of bone accumulating during cutting
cutting blade cutting depth - depth of cut through the backbone
gripping handle - provides friction against the hand, cutting speed - speed of cutting through the backbone
reducing gripping force needed to achieve a reliable grip percent splitting efficiency - amount of energy delivered by
gullets - spaces between each segment of the blade to splitting saw relative to the total energy input
provide cooling and slurry removal
hanger mounting bracket - suspends entire sawing Test Material
machine - 80-150 kg; 9 hog trials
main frame - body of splitting machine
percent splitting efficiency - percent of actual work done
during operation
rotary saw/circular saw - machine with rotating circular
blade used for cutting material
splitting rate - number of hog carcass split per hour
splitting saw - tool with a metal blade designed to cut the
backbone of a hog carcass
tooth pitch - spacing between the blade teeth, TPI
PAES 521-2008 2. rotating type - has adjustable side walls and back rests
Splitting Saw for Large Ruminants - Specifications that supports the body of the animal during flipping

Classification 96dB (A)

1. According to motion
 circular saw - with circular blade PAES 514-2008
 band saw - with long, narrow and flexible band of Stunning box/Knocking Pen - Methods of Test
toothed metal
 reciprocating saw - forward and backward Test Materials
movement of blade - 3 heads with at least 500 kg live weight each
2. Power source
 electric
 hydraulic
 pneumatic

Fabrication Requirements
circular/reciprocating saw - 3 TPI

Performance Requirements
- circular and band saw should split in 1 minute
- reciprocating saw should split ing 2 minutes
speed of cutting blade for circular saw shall be at least 1387
teeth per second
- band saw - linear speed of blade shall be at least 853.6
m/min
- reciprocating saw - speed shall be 849 teeth per second
- efficiency of 80%

PAES 522-2008
Splitting Saw for Large Ruminants - Methods of Test

Test Material
- beef carcass of weight no less than 250 kg; at least 3 trials

PAES 513-2008
Stunning Box/ Knocking Pen - Specifications

chin lift - part of the head gate which positions the head of
the animal to facilitate stunning
discharge gate - opens to release animal after stunning
entrance gate - animal enters here
head gate - part of the stunning box that secures the head in
restraining the animal
tail pusher - pushes the animal forward towards the head
gate
stunning box - used o restrain animals to facilitate stunning

Classification
1. upright type - resembles a small cage with open top and
side gate for removal of stunned animal