Business Profile: Philippine Airlines

 Philippine Airlines (PAL) was established in 1941 and serves as the national airline of the
Philippines.
 The airline operates flights to a total of 49 domestic and international destinations.
 PAL's primary hub is located at Ninoy Aquino International Airport in Manila, while it
has additional hubs in Cebu, Clark, and Davao
Benefits:
 PAL plays a crucial role in connecting the Philippines to the rest of the world, promoting
tourism and trade.
 The airline provides employment to thousands of Filipinos, contributing to the country's
economy.
 PAL has received numerous awards and recognitions for its service and safety standards.
Challenges and Errors:
 PAL faced financial difficulties in the 1990s and early 2000s, resulting in bankruptcy and
restructuring. Even in COVID-19, they encountered a pandemic that caused the business
to close.
 The airline has also faced challenges such as high fuel prices, natural disasters, and
political instability in some destinations.
Overcoming challenges and errors:
 PAL underwent a comprehensive restructuring program in 1998, which included fleet
modernization, route rationalization, and cost-cutting measures.
 The airline also received a capital infusion from a new investor group, resulting in
improved financial performance.
 PAL implemented various measures to adapt to challenges, such as fuel-efficient aircraft,
route adjustments, and disaster response protocols.
Realizations/Learning:
 Successful entrepreneurship requires resilience and adaptability in the face of challenges.
 Investment in modernization and efficiency can lead to improved performance and
profitability.
 Strong partnerships and collaborations can provide valuable support and resources for a
business.
Business Profile: Manam
 Manam is a Filipino restaurant chain, founded in 2013 by the Moment Group.
 The restaurant offers a mix of traditional and modern Filipino cuisine, with a focus on
sharing plates.
 Manam has multiple locations in Metro Manila, as well as branches in Cebu and abroad.
Benefits:
 Manam promotes Filipino cuisine and culture to both local and international customers.
 The restaurant provides employment to hundreds of Filipinos, contributing to the
country's economy.
 Manam has received numerous awards and recognitions for its food and service.
Challenges and Errors:
 Manam faced challenges in its early years, as Filipino cuisine was not as well-known or
popular in the mainstream food scene.
 The restaurant also faced criticisms and complaints regarding the consistency and quality
of its food and service.
Overcoming challenges and errors:
 Manam launched marketing and promotional campaigns to raise awareness and interest
in Filipino cuisine, targeting both locals and tourists.
 The restaurant implemented measures to address feedback and improve its food and
service quality, such as regular training and menu updates.
 Manam also expanded its menu and offerings, catering to different tastes and preferences.
Realizations/Learning:
 Entrepreneurship in the food industry requires a deep understanding and appreciation of
culture and cuisine.
 Consistency and quality are critical factors in building customer loyalty and trust.
 Adaptability and innovation are necessary to stay relevant and competitive in a constantly
evolving market.
Business Profile: El Union Coffee
 El Union Coffee is a specialty coffee shop, founded in 2013 in La Union, a province in
Northern Philippines.
 The coffee shop is known for its specialty coffee drinks, artisanal pastries, and cozy
ambiance.
 El Union Coffee has gained a strong following among locals and tourists, with multiple
branches in Metro Manila and other parts of the country.
Benefits:
 El Union Coffee promotes local coffee culture and supports local farmers and suppliers.
 The coffee shop has become a tourist destination, attracting coffee enthusiasts and
travelers to La Union and other locations.
 El Union Coffee provides employment to local residents, contributing to the economy of
the community.
Challenges and Errors:
 El Union Coffee faced challenges in its early years, as specialty coffee was still a niche
market in the Philippines.
 The coffee shop also faced difficulties in sourcing high-quality coffee beans and
maintaining consistent quality across all branches.
Overcoming challenges and errors:
 El Union Coffee focused on educating customers and promoting specialty coffee through
social media and events.
 The coffee shop established direct relationships with coffee farmers and suppliers,
ensuring quality and sustainability.
 El Union Coffee implemented a rigorous training and quality control program, ensuring
consistent quality across all branches.
Realizations/Learning:
 Entrepreneurship in the coffee industry requires a strong passion and commitment to
quality and sustainability.
 Building a community and creating a unique experience are key factors in attracting and
retaining customers.
 Innovation and adaptation are necessary to stay competitive and relevant in a constantly
evolving market.
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