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Cybernetics

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Cybernetics

Meaning of Cybernetics

Circular interaction and feedback are key concepts in the science of cybernetics

(Kenniff & Sweeting, 2014). Cybernetics, to put it simply, is the study of how technology is

used to govern any system (Umpleby et al., 2019). The core of this strategy is to comprehend

the operations and procedures of systems that can take in, store, process, and use information

for self-control.

Relationship between Drawing and Cybernetics

The process of designing involves giving and receiving input in a circular manner,

much like a conversation. While this may be demonstrated to function at many scales

throughout design, sketching is where the input is most obvious because it provides feedback

right away (Kenniff & Sweeting, 2014). The designer concurrently assumes the roles of

speaker and listener while sketching, moving between the two while analyzing and drawing

simultaneously (Kenniff & Sweeting, 2014). This process is also present, albeit in a more

distinctly sequential way, in the longer-term activities of the design process, such as creating

various versions of a plan (Umpleby et al., 2019). The circularity of design, like a dialogue,

allows for both the quest of stability and the development of fresh concepts and objectives

(Kenniff & Sweeting, 2014). When sketching, the designer must constantly come up with

fresh interpretations (continually creating potential readings of the picture), and they get

insight into an idea through its research (Kenniff & Sweeting, 2014).

Comparison and Conversation

Reflection on the Role of Comparison in Conversation

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There is a high possibility that I will use comparison in conversation in my practice.

There is a likelihood that I will work with employees who will get promoted to higher ranks.

In turn, there is a high possibility that I will ask these colleagues their pay. We will compare

their previous salaries with their new salaries to gauge the increase in pay. In doing so, we

will be using the aspect of comparison in conversation. As well, the livelihoods of those

workers who will receive better pay will improve. By comparing their livelihoods during and

after their promotion with them, we will be employing the aspect of comparison in

conversation. Additionally, I can compare my pay with the salaries of other personnel in a

chat thus employing the element of comparison in conversation.

Moreover, in case I shift my workplace in future, I may decide to discuss with my

new workmates my views regarding the new workplace and my previous one. In doing so, we

will be employing elements of comparison in conversation. Considering all these

applications, comparison has a significant role in conversation.

Reflection on the Benefits and Negative Consequences of Comparison

I believe that comparisons can have both positive and negative impacts, such as

healthy competition or feelings of inadequacy, as well as positive ones like inspiration and

progress. But it is worth considering if the various negative consequences social comparison

may have outweigh the potential for positive improvements it might bring about in a young

person's life. Comparing oneself to others can be motivating since it encourages one to work

harder and become better. I typically believe that when this occurs collectively, a group of

people may push one another to do better, leading to collective advancement. The fixation

with achievement, on the other hand, forces people to perform at a level that, depending on

the situation, may not be realistic. I believe that this inability to keep up with a culture that

extols overachievers can lead to negative self-images and feelings of guilt and inadequacy.
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Relationship of Drawing to Inclusion and Equality in the Design Process

Role of Drawing in Promoting Inclusion and Equality in the Design Process

Backing the full range of human diversity is the objective of inclusive design. The

goal of inclusive design is to account for these various experiences during both the design

process and the end product (Kozleski, 2020). A diverse range of people are included in the

actual design process, both in the design team and during user testing, thanks to inclusive

design. The process of inclusive design yields a universal design that is usable by the greatest

number of people (Leemann et al., 2022). Increased contrast and larger text sizes can help

compensate for vision loss, as can a feature that allows users to quickly change the font size

to suit their preferences. Icons and other graphic components operate in a similar manner

(Leemann et al., 2022). Age-related cognitive decline can make elderly persons less mobile.

They can perform the same things as younger people, they just take longer to do so (Kozleski,

2020). Additionally, individuals could find it more difficult to recall knowledge they have

already acquired. These problems can be fixed by adding a more thorough onboarding

process, clear instructions, and even things like app notifications.

By including individuals from certain categories, inclusive design takes all of the

aforementioned factors into account. Finding out directly what website visitors want and need

is preferable to assuming what they would desire. All users, regardless of whether they have a

disability or impairment, gain from the inclusive design approach (Leemann et al., 2022). For

instance, a website may provide transcripts for video or audio content to better assist hearing-

impaired users. These transcripts may also be useful if someone forgets their headphones and

is unable to listen to audio at a library or other public setting (Kozleski, 2020). Younger folks

can also gain from age adjustments. For those who experience eye strain or who read a lot

throughout the day, for instance, larger text sizes may make it simpler to read (Leemann et
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al., 2022). The easier it is for users to access the content on a website, the more pleasurable

they will find it.

How Drawing can have Negative Impacts on Inclusion

However, drawings frequently ignore a variety of "disabilities" (Leemann et al.,

2022). When vision loss is not compensated for by larger text sizes, increased contrast, or a

function to easily modify font sizes up or down according to the user's tastes and needs,

drawing can have detrimental effects on inclusion (Kozleski, 2020). Drawings in the design

will therefore overlook those with vision difficulties. Additionally, if a website does not

provide transcripts for video or audio content to better serve persons who are hard of hearing,

this may have a detrimental influence on inclusiveness.

References

Kenniff, T. B., & Sweeting, B. (2014). There Is No Alibi in Designing: Responsibility and

Dialogue in the Design Process. Opticon1826, (16).

Kozleski, E. B. (2020, August). Disrupting what passes as inclusive education: Predicating

educational equity on schools designed for all. In The Educational Forum (Vol. 84,

No. 4, pp. 340-355). Routledge.

Leemann, L., Martelin, T., Koskinen, S., Härkänen, T., & Isola, A. M. (2022). Development

and psychometric evaluation of the experiences of social inclusion scale. Journal of

Human Development and Capabilities, 23(3), 400-424.

Umpleby, S. A., Medvedeva, T. A., & Lepskiy, V. (2019). Recent developments in

cybernetics, from cognition to social systems. Cybernetics and systems, 50(4), 367-

382.