Engineering Mechanics: ME101

Lecture 3: Statics

Prof. Pankaj Biswas (PhD)

Department of Mechanical Engineering
IIT Guwahati
D Block : Room No 207 : Tel: 2675
Vector Products

(i)

(ii)
(iii)

(iv)

2
 (i)

(ii)

(iii)

3
3
❖

(i)

(ii)
(v)
❖

F = Fxi + Fyj + Fzk (iii)

r = xi + yj + zk (iv) 4
❖

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)
❖

❖ A better term is force couple or pure moment. Its effect is to create rotation without
translation, or more generally without any acceleration of the centre of mass. 5
❖

6
❖

(i)
(ii)

❖ Figure (1)

(iii)

(iv) Figure (2)

7
 Figure (1)

(i)

(ii)
Figure (2)

(iii)

(iv)

8
Equivalent Force and Couple
• Two dimensional plane

Figure (i) Figure (ii) Figure (iii)

• Three dimensional space

Figure (iv) Figure (v) Figure (vi) 9

 Equivalent Force and Couple

Figure (1) Figure (2)

Figure (3) Figure (4) 10

 Figure (3)
Figure (2)

(i)

Figure (1) (ii)

11
 (i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

(v)

(vi)
(a)

(vii)
(viii)

12
Wrench Action
• Wrench action or Screw Driver action

Positive Wrench

13
Replacement of force system by wrench

Figure (2)

Figure (1) Resolve M into components

Figure (3)
Figure (4)
Resolve M2 into a couple Resultant Wrench

14
 (i)
(ii)
Figure (2)
Figure (1)

(iii)

Figure (3)
(iv)

15
(i)

(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

(v)

16
Example on Equivalent System
For the beam, reduce the
system of forces shown to
(a) an equivalent force-
couple system at A,
(b) an equivalent force
couple system at B, and
(c) a single force or resultant
Solution:
a) Compute the resultant force for
the forces shown and the
resultant couple for the
moments of the forces about A.
b) Find an equivalent force-
couple system at B based on
the force-couple system at A.
c) Determine the point of
application for the resultant
force such that its moment
about A is equal to the
resultant couple at A.
17
Example on Equivalent System
SOLUTION:
a) Compute the resultant force and the
resultant couple at A.
 
R = F (i)
   
= (150 N ) j − (600 N ) j + (100 N ) j − (250 N ) j
 
(
R = − 600 N j )
R  
M A =  (r  F ) (ii)
   
= (1.6 i ) (− 600 j ) + (2.8 i ) (100 j )
 
+ (4.8 i ) (− 250 j )
R 
M A = −(1880 N  m)k

18
Example on Equivalent System
b) Find an equivalent force-couple system at
B based on the force-couple system at A.
The force is unchanged by the movement
of the force-couple system from A to B.
Figure (1)  
R = −(600 N ) j (iii)

The couple at B is equal to the moment

about B of the force-couple system found
at A.
Figure (2) R R   (iv)
M B = M A + rB A  R
  
= −(1880 N  m )k + (− 4.8 m )i  (− 600 N ) j
 
= −(1880 N  m )k + (2880 N  m )k
R 
Figure (3) M B = +(1000 N  m)k (v)

19
Example on Equivalent System
R
d

c)
FR = F1 + F2 + F3 + F4 (vi)

R = 150-600+100-250 = -650 N

FRd = F1d1 + F2d2 + F3d3 + F4d4 (vii)

d = 3.13 m

20
Example on resultant of a force system
• Determine the resultant of the system of parallel forces
acting on the plate. Solve with a vector approach.

21
Example on resultant of a force system
A (0.5, 0, 0.35)
A

Figure (1) Figure (2)

Figure (3)
Solution

(i)
(ii)

❖ We know that moment, M = r × F 22

Example on resultant of a force system

Solution

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

23
END