First Quarter – Module 9

Week 9
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and evaluated by the Development and
Quality Assurance Teams of SDO TAPAT to assist you in helping the learners meet the
standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need
to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks
included in the module.

For the learner:

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and
independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be helped to process the contents of
the learning resource while being an active learner.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use
a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let’s Try before moving on to the other activities included in the
module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and in checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult
your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 Let’s Learn

The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The
language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to
follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. determine the equation of the quadratic function given table of values, graphs, and zeros;
and
2. solve problems involving quadratic function.

Let’s Try

Directions: Read each question carefully and solve if necessary. Choose the letter of the correct
answer and write it on the space provided before the number.
____1. Find the equation of the quadratic function whose zeroes are 7 and −4.
A. f ( x)=a(x 2 – 3 x+28) C. f ( x)=a(x 2 – 3 x−28)
B. f ( x)=a ( x 2+3 x−28 ) D. f ( x)=a( x 2 +3 x+28)

____2. What equation represents the table of values below?

x −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3
y −36 −13 2 9 8 −1 −18

A. y=−4 x 2−3 x +9 C. y=4 x 2+ 3 x – 9

B. y=−4 x 2 +2 x +9 D. y=−4 x 2 +3 x+ 9

____3. Write an equation of quadratic function whose vertex is at (8 , 10) and which passes
through (4,6).
−1 −1
A. y = ( x−4 ) 2 + 6 C. y = ( x−8 )2 + 6
4 4
−1 −1
B. y = ( x−8 )2 + 10 D. y = ( x−4 ) 2 + 10
4 4

____4. Find the zeros of the quadratic function y=x 2 – 4 x−117.

A. −9∧13 B. −9∧−13 C. 9∧13 D. 9∧−13

____5. What is the equation of the quadratic

function given its graph?

2
A. y=2 x + 16 x+33
2
B. y=2 x + 16 x−33
2
C. y=2 x −16 x−33
2
D. y=2 x – 16 x+33
____6. The stone is thrown vertically upward. The path of the stone can be modelled by the
equation y=−4.9 x 2+14 x +10 . What is the time taken by the object to reach the highest point?
A. 1.28 seconds B. 1.35 seconds C. 1.43 seconds D. 1.58 seconds
____7. A player throws a ball upward. The path of the ball can be modeled by the equation
2
S(t )=−16 t +10 t +16where S in feet is the height of the ball t seconds after it is released.
What is the maximum height reached by the ball?
A. 16.31 ft B. 17.56 ft C. 18.31 ft D. 19.31 ft

____8. The Eagle Coliseum administrators are trying to determine the basketball ticket price. At
a price of Php 120 per ticket, 10,000 people are expected to attend the game. But, for every
Php 2 increase in ticket price, it loses 100 attendees. What ticket price can give maximum
revenue?
A. Php120 B. Php140 C. Php160 D. Php 180

____9. Mang Emilio has 150 feet of fencing materials to enclose his rectangular vegetable
garden. Find the dimensions of the rectangular garden that can be enclosed by the given
fencing materials.
A. 34.5 x 34.5 ft. B. 35.5 x 35.5 ft. C. 36.5 x 36.5 ft. D. 37.5 x 37.5 ft

____10. The sum of the two numbers is 486 whose product is maximum. Find its maximum.
A. 59,049 B. 59,069 C. 59 , 089 D. 59, 099

Alternatively, you may answer these questions online!

Use this link or scan the QR Code on your cellphone, laptop or desktop:
http://bit.ly/919LETSTRY
Use proper capitalization to activate the link. You will see your score
after completing the test. Make sure to screenshot your work as a proof to
your teacher. Make sure you are connected to the internet!

Lesson

9 Equations of Quadratic Function

Let’s Recall

Activity 1: Go back to Week 1

Directions: Given a quadratic equation 2 x2 – 8 x−42=0 , find the roots using the three
methods.
 Factoring Completing the square Quadratic Formula

To watch a video tutorial on how to solve quadratic equations by factoring,

completing the square and using quadratic formula by Wow Math, you may
visit the following links:, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jbUTUHod0W0&t=7s
and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CE7TNjpetBw&t=1s.

Let’s Explore

Study the parabola and answer the questions below.

Guided Questions:
1. How would you describe the graph?

2. Give the vertex of the parabola and its axis of symmetry.

3. At what values of x does the graph intersect the x – axis?

4. What do you call these x – coordinates where the curve crosses the x – axis?

5. What is the value of y at these values of x?

 Let’s Elaborate

Zeros of Quadratic Functions

The graph of a quadratic function is a parabola. A parabola can cross the x−axis once,
twice, or never. The x−coordinates of these points of intersection are called x -intercepts. Let
us consider the graph of the quadratic function y=2 x 2 – 8 x−42=0. It shows that the curve
crosses the x−axis at −3∧7. These are the x−intercepts of the graph of the function.
Similarly, −3∧7 are the zeros of the function since these are the values of x when y equals 0.
These zeros of the function can be determined by setting y to 0 and solving the resulting
equation through different algebraic methods.

Example 1.
Find the zeros of the quadratic function Since the equation is
Set y = 0. Thus,
y=2 x 2 – 8 x−42 factorable, let’s use
factoring
Solution: 0=
The zeros of y=2 x 2 – 8 x – 42 are 7 and -3.

Example 2.
Find the zeros of the quadratic function y=x 2 +7 x−10.
Solution:

Set y = 0. Thus, The equation is not factorable, we If we use quadratic formula,

can use either completing the Here is the solution
x 2+ 7 x −10=0 Set y = 0. Thus,
square or quadratic formula. Let’s
2
x + 7 x =10 use completing the square 2
y=x +7 x−10;
49 49 a=1 b=7 c=−10
x 2+ 7 x + =10+
4 4
−b ± √ b −4 ac
2
x=
( x + 72 ) = 894
2
Let’s use 2a
completing the
−(7)± √(7) −4 (1)(−10)
2
square
x=
x + =± √
7 89
2(1)
2 2
Let’s use quadratic −7 ± √ 49+40
−7 ± √ 89 formula. x=
x= 2
2
−7 ± √ 89
−7+ √ 89 −7− √ 89 x= 2
The zeros of y=x 2 +7 x−10 are and .
2 2

To watch a video tutorial on how to find the zeros of quadratic functions by Gener
Gonzalo, you may visit this link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=CbbWquFGFzI.
Determining the equation of quadratic function given the roots/zeros, table of values and
graph.

Example 1
Find an equation of a quadratic function whose zeros are −3∧7.

If r 1 and r 2 are the zeros of a quadratic function, then f ( x)=a(x−r 1)( x – r 2 ) where a is a
nonzero constant that can be determined from other point on the graph.

Solution
Since the zeros are r 1=−3 and r 2=7 , then
y=a( x−r 1 )(x – r 2)
y=a[ x – (−3)](x – 7)
y=a( x +3)(x – 7)
y=a(x 2−4 x – 21) where a is any nonzero constant.

Also, you can use the sum and product of the zeros to find the equation of the quadratic function.
∑ ¿r 1+r 2=−3+7=4 product=r 1∗r 2=−3∗7=−21

Substitute the sum and the product of roots in the equation y=a x − ( 2 −b
a
c
)
x+ , where
a
−b c
is the ∑ of the roots is the product of theroots∧ais any nonzero constant .
a a

(
y=a x 2−
−b
a
x+
c
a )
y=a [ x2 −( 4 ) x + (−21 ) ]
y=a ¿ ¿), where a is any nonzero constant.

Example 2.
Determine the equation of the quadratic function represented by the table of values
below.
x 0 1 2 3 4
y −10 −14 −14 −10 −2

Solution: To determine the quadratic function y=a x2 +bx +c , we need to find the values
a , b ,∧c using the given table.

second differene
a. To find the value of a , use a= second differene
2 a=
2
x 0 1 2 3 4 4
y −10 −14 −14 −10 −2 a=
2
a=2
4 0 -4 -8
 4 4 4

b. Find the value of c.

Take note that c is equal to the value of y-intercept.

To find the y-intercept, set x=0

y=a x2 +bx +c
y=a(0)2 + ( 0 ) x+ c
y=0 a+0 x+ c
y=c
In the table above, when x=0 then y=−10 . Thus, y=c , hence, c=−10

c. To find the value of b use the general form y=a x2 +bx +c .

Substitute the value of a and c in the equation. For the value of x∧ y , pick any point
on the given table. Let’s choose (2 ,−14 ).

2
y=a x +bx +c
a=2 , c=−10 , x=2 , y =−14

−14=( 2) ( 2 )2+ b(2)−10

−14=8+2 b−10
−14−8+10=2 b
−12=2 b
−6=b

Thus, a=2 ,b=−6 andc=−10. Substitute these in y=a x2 +bx +c ; the quadratic function is
2
f ( x )=2 x −6 x – 10

Another x 0 1 2 3 4
solution: y −10 −14 −14 −10 −2

y=ax 2+ bx+ c

using point (1 ,−14)

2
−14=a (1) +b( 1)+c ----------------- −14=a+ b+c equation 1

using point (2 ,−14 )

−14=a (2)2 +b (2)+ c ----------------- −14=4 a+2 b+ c equation 2
using point (3 ,−10)
−10=a(3)2 +b(3)+ c --------- -------- -10 = 9a + 3b + c equation 3

Multiply the terms in eq 2 by -2 and add the terms in eq. 2 to eliminate b

-2(eq 1) +eq 2 28=−2 a−2 b−2 c
−14=4 a+2 b+ c
14=2 a−c ------------- equation 4

Multiply the terms in eq 2 by -3 and eq 3 by 2 then add the equations to eliminate b

-3(eq 2) + 2(eq 3) 42=−12 a−6 b−3 c
−20=18 a+6 b+ 2c
22=6 a−c ------------- equation 5

Multiply the terms in eq 4 by -3 and add terms in eq 5 to solve for c

-3(eq 4) - eq 5 −42=−6 a+ 3 c
22=6 a−c
−20=2 c
−10=c

Substitute the value of c in equation 4 and solve for a

14=2 a−c
14=2 a – (−10)
14=2 a+10
4=2a
2=a
Substitute the value of a and c in equation 1 and solve for b
−14=a+ b+c
−14=2+b+(−10)
−14=−8+ b
−6=b

Thus, a=2 , b=−6∧c=−10. Substitute these in f (x)=ax 2+ bx+ c, the quadratic function is
2 2
f (x)=2 x – 6 x−10∨ y=2 x – 6 x−10 .

Example 3. Find the equation of the quadratic function determined from the graph below.
Figure 1 image from Kuta Software

When the vertex and any point on the parabola are clearly seen, the equation
of the quadratic function can easily be determined by using the form of a quadratic function
y=a( x – h)2+ k .

Solution:
The vertex of the graph of the quadratic function is(−4,3) . The graph passes through the
point (−3,2). By replacing x and y with−3∧2, respectively, and h and k with−4∧3 , respectively,
we have
2
y=a ( x−h ) +k
2
2=a (−3+4 ) +3
2=a ( 1 )+3
2=a+3
−1=a

Thus, the quadratic equation is y=−1 ( x +4 )2+ 3 or y=−x2 −8 x−13

Expand:
 2
y=−1 ( x +4 ) + 3
y=−1 ( x +8 x+ 16 ) +3
2

2
y=−x −8 x−16+3
y=−x2 −8 x – 13

We can also find the vertex of the graph given the quadratic function using the formula:
2
−b 4 ac−b
h= and k =
2a 4a
2
f (x)=−x −8 x−13
2
y=−x −8 x−13
y=a ( x−h )2 +k
a = -1 b = -8 c = -13
2
−(−8) 4 (−1)(−13)−(−8)
h= k=
2a 4 (−1)
8 52−64
h= k=
2(−1) −4
8 −12
h= k=
−2 −4
h=−4 k =3

To check for the equation, substitute the value of h and k in the standard form y=a ( x−h )2 +k of
a quadratic function, we have;

y=a ( x−h )2 +k
2
y=a ( x+ 4 ) +3
y=−1 ( x +4 )2+ 3
y=−1(x¿¿ 2+8 x +16)+3 ¿
2
y=−x −8 x−16+3
2
y=−x −8 x – 13

To watch a video tutorial on how to determine the equation of a quadratic

functions by Vee Teach Channel, you may visit the following links:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sv62BrIBy_g,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xDeFAdLsBOk

Solving Problems involving Quadratic Functions In

Free falling objects can be modeled by a quadratic function

h(t)=−4.9 t 2 +V 0 t+ h0, where h( t) is the height (in meters) of an
object at t seconds, when it is thrown with an initial velocity of V 0
m/s and an initial height of h 0 meters. If units are feet, then the
2
function is h( t)=−16 t + V 0 t +h0 .
Example 1: From a 128 meters city tower, an object is thrown straight up into the air then
follows a trajectory. The height S(t) of the ball above the building after t seconds is given by the
function S(t )=−16 t 2+112

a. What maximum height will the object reach?

The maximum height reached by the object is the ordinate of vertex of the parabola of
function S(t )=−16 t 2+112 t . By transforming this equation in completed square form we have,

S(t )=−16 t 2+112 t Using Vertex

2
S(t )=−16(t – 7 t )
−b
2a
,f
−b
2a ( )
( 2
S(t )=−16 t −7 t +
49
4)+196
−b
=
−112
=
2 a 2 (−16 ) 2
7

7 2
S(t )=−16(t− ) +196
2
f ( 72 ) = 16( 72 ) + 112( 72 ) = 196
2

The vertex is ( 72 ,196 ). Thus, the maximum height reached by the object is 196 ft from the top of
the building. This is 308 ft from the ground.

b. How long will it take the object to reach the maximum height?

The time for an object to reach the maximum height is the abscissa of the vertex of the
parabola or the value of h.
S(t )=−16 t 2+112

( )
2
7
S(t )=−16 t − + 196
2
Since the value of h is 7 /2∨3.5, then the object is at its maximum height after 3.5 seconds

c. Find the time at which the object is on the ground?

To find the time it will take the object to hit the ground, Let S(t )=−128 since the height
of the building is 128 ft . The problem requires us to solve for t.
S(t )=−16 t 2+112 t
2
−128=−16 t +112 t
1 16 t 2 – 112 t – 128=0
2
t −7 t – 4=0
(t – 8)(t+1)=0
t=8∨t=−1

Thus, it will take 8 seconds before the object hits the ground.

A quadratic function can be applied in

business/industry to determine the maximum profit, the break
– even situation and the like. Suppose x denotes the number
of units a company plans to produce or sell. The revenue
function R(x) is defined as R(x) = (price per unit) x (number of
units produced or sold
 Example 2: A flower farm sells about 80 roses per week costing ₱ 160 each. For each ₱ 25
decrease in price, the gardener found out that more than 11 roses were sold per week.
1. Write a quadratic function in standard form that models the revenue from roses sales.
Revenue R(x) = (price per unit) x (number of units produced or sold)
Revenue R(x) = (number of roses) (price per rose)
R ( x )=( 80+11 x )( 160−25 x )
R( x )=−275 x 2+ 240 x +12800
2. What price produce the maximum revenue

R( x )=−275 x 2+ 240 x +12800

−b −240 −240
h= -0.44
2a 2(−275) −550
The price of roses produce maximum revenue can be determined by

P( x )=160−25 x
P(−0.44 )=160 – 25(−0.44)=171
Thus, Php171 is the price of roses that produces maximum revenue

To watch a video tutorial on how to solve problems involving quadratic functions

by Shaina Marie Marañon, you may visit this link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sc6EmdWqnU4

Let’s Dig In

Activity 2: Matching Type. Each quadratic function has a corresponding letter. Similarly, each
box with the zeros of the quadratic function inside has a corresponding blank below. Write the
indicated letter of the quadratic function on the corresponding blank below the box containing the
zeros of the function to get the hidden message.
2 2
I f ( x ) =2 x −6 x−20 S f ( x )=x +6 x+5
S f ( x )=4 x 2+ 4 x−3 O f ( x )=2 x2 +18 x+ 28
x )=41x 2+8 x−5
−3 −1N f (−5 I f ( x ) =8 x2 +10 x+ 3
{-1, -
5}
{ , }{ , } −9 , 4
4 2 D f ( x2)=x22−9{x−10
}
−3 1
,
2 2 { } {−7
U f ,−2 {5,x-2}
} 2 +5
( x )=x −36 {10 ,−1 } {−1 ,−1} {53 , 2}
L f ( x )=3 x 2−11 x +10 A f ( x )=8 x 2 +16 x+ 8
_____ _______ ______ ____ ______ _____ _____ ______ ______ ____

Activity 3: Directions: Derive my equation!

A. Find an equation of a quadratic function whose zeros are 8∧−12.

B. Determine the equation of the quadratic function represented by the table of

values below using the 2 methods.

x −2 −1 0 1 2 3
y 8 −1 −8 −13−16−17

C. Find the equation of the quadratic function determined from the graph.

Figure 2 Images by Kuta Software

Let’s Remember

 To determine the equation of quadratic function you can used the following given
the roots/zeros, table of values and graph.

 Free falling objects can be modeled by a quadratic function

2
h(t )=−4.9 t +V 0 t+ h0

 The revenue function R( x ) is defined as

R( x )=( price per unit) x ¿)

−b 4 ac −b2
 Vertex (h, k) can be solved using the formula: h=
2a
; k =
4a
 Let’s Apply

Activity 4: Directions: Solve the problems. Show your solution

1. A store sells lecture notes, and the monthly revenue, R of this store can be modelled by the
function R(x )=−100 x 2+ 800+10,000, where x is the peso increase by 70. What is the
maximum revenue?

2. A person throws a ball vertically upward with a velocity of 45 m/ sec. The distance S(t ) above
the ground after t seconds is given by the formula S(t )=−4.9 t 2 +45 t . How high will it be at the
end of 8 seconds?

3. What is the maximum area of a rectangular lot that can be enclosed with 180 meters fencing?
What are the dimensions at maximum area?

Let’s Evaluate

Directions: Read each question carefully and solve if necessary. Choose the letter of the correct
answer and write it on the space provided before the number.
____1. What is the equation of the quadratic function given below
Figure 7 Image from Kuta Software
2
A. y=2 x + 2 x +1
B. y=−x2 +2 x+1
2
C. y=3 x +2 x +1
D. y=−2 x 2 +2 x +1

____2. What equation represents the table of values below?

x −3 −2 −1 0 1 2
y 31 19 9 1 −5 −9

A. y=−3 x 2 +5 C. y=x 2 – 7 x +1
B. y=x 2 – 4 D. y=x 2 – 5 x+ 1

____3. Write an equation of quadratic function whose vertex is at (2 , 11) and which passes
through ¿).
A. y=−10(x+ 2)2 +11 C. y=−10( x−2)2−11
B. y=−10(x – 2)2 +11 D. y=−10( x+ 2)2−11
____4. Find the zeros of the quadratic function y=8 x 2 +4 x−24 .
2∧−3 −2∧3
A. −5∧6 B. C. −2∧−3 D.
2 2
____5. Find the equation of the quadratic function whose zeroes are 11 and -4.

A. f ( x)=a(x 2 – 7 x−44 ) C. f ( x)=a(x 2 – 4 x −44)

B. f ( x)=a(x 2−15 x−44) C. f ( x)=a( x 2 +7 x−44 )

____6. What are the dimensions of the largest rectangular pen that a farmer can enclose with
64 m fence?
A. 14∧14 B. 15∧15 C. 16∧16 D. 17 and 17

____7. What is the minimum product of two numbers that differ by 5? What are the
numbers?

A. −6.25 B. −6.75 C. −6.50 D. -6.05

____8. An artist is designing a rectangular stained-glass window with a perimeter of 220 cm.
What is the dimension will yield the maximum area?

A. 108 B. 110 C. 111 D.113

______9. A ball is thrown upward from the top of a 300 meters tower at a velocity of 40 m/ sec.
The height of the ball, t seconds after throwing, given by the formula h( t)=−16 t 2+ 40 t+ 80.
Find the value of t when h( t )=0 .

A. 4.81 B. 6.81 C. 8.81 D. 3.81

_______10. The class president of a private school is conducting an art exhibit painting
workshop as their fund raising for their upcoming graduation ball. The estimated attendees for
the ball is 2000 at a price of Php 300 each. For every Php50 increase in materials, the number
of attendees will decrease by 100. What is the maximum revenue?

A. 835,000 B. 845,000 C. 855,000 D. 865,000

Alternatively, you may answer these questions online!

Use this link on your cellphone, laptop or desktop:
http://bit.ly/919EVALUATE
Use proper capitalization to activate the link. You will see your score
after completing the test. Make sure to screenshot your work as a proof to
your teacher. Make sure you are connected to the internet!
 Let’s Extend

Are you ready to apply what you’ve learned from this module?
If no, review the lessons until you are ready. If yes, answer the remaining activity online! You
can use cellphone, laptop or desktop. Make sure you are connected to the internet.
Instructions:
1. Go to http://bit.ly/919EXTEND or Scan the QR Code

2. Answer the given activity on a sheet of paper.

References:
Chua, Simon L. Sy Tan, Josephine L. et.al. Soaring 21st Century Mathematics. Phoenix
Publishing House
Coronel, Sr. Iluminada C. F.M.M. Growing Up with Math. FNB Educational, Inc
https://cdn.kutasoftware.com/Worksheets/Alg1/Graphing%20Quadratic
%20Functions.pdf
Math Connections In The Digital Age by Janice F. Antonio and Ryan M. Bruce.
Next Century Mathematics (K to 12 Curriculum Compliant) – Phoenix Publishing
House
Authors: Zenaida B. Diaz, Josephine L. Suzara, Nestor V. Reyes, Jr.
Coordinator: Fernando B. Orines

Development Team of the Module

Writers: DERICK G. DATUL
ELY B. MIRANDILLA
MARIANE C. WILLIS
VICKY S. TIWANG
DONALYN E. MARCELINO
Editors:
CONTENT EVALUATORS: JOEY N. ABERGOS
JENIFFER CONSTANTINO
LANGUAGE EVALUATOR: MARICAR G. RAQUIZA
Reviewers: MRS. MIRASOL I. RONGAVILLA
DR. LELINDA H. DE VERA
MS. JENNICA ALEXIS B. SABADO
DR. MELEDA POLITA
Illustrator: BERNARD MARC E. CODILLO
Layout Artist: BERNARD MARC E. CODILLO
Management Team: DR. MARGARITO B. MATERUM, SDS
DR. GEORGE P. TIZON, SGOD-Chief
For inquiries, please write or call:

Schools Division of Taguig city and Pateros Upper Bicutan Taguig City

Telefax: 8384251

Email Address: sdo.tapat@deped.gov.ph