Class: _____

Name: ________________
Date: _____ / _____ / _____

PASSIVE VOICE
A. Change from active to passive.
Active: S + V + O

ed
Passive : S + be + V + by + O (doer)
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Notes

- In case “material” becomes agent, we use “with” in stead of “by”

Ex1: The smoke filled the room.
 The room was filled with the smoke.
Ex2: Paint covered the lock.
 The lock was covered with paint.

Positions of adverbs

1. Adverbs of place go before “by + agent”

Ex: The police found him in the forest.
→ He was found in the forest by the police.

2. Adverbs of time go after “by + agent”

Ex: Mr Brown bought the house last week.
→ The house was bought by Mr Brown last week.

3. Adverbs of manner go before “past participle”

Ex: The boss has treated them badly.
→ They have been badly treated by the boss.

 Some adverbs of manner: fast, quickly, slowly, badly, hard, easily, beautifully, awkwardly, carefully,
carelessly, noisily, quietly, excitedly, calmly,..

B. PRACTICE
I. PASSIVE VOICE WITH PRESENT SIMPLE

S + AM/IS/ARE + P.P (V3/V-ED) + ( BY

1. Every year Vietnam exports millions of tons of rice.

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2. The teacher helps Jane.
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II. PASSIVE VOICE WITH PAST SIMPLE

S + WAS/WERE + P.P (V3/V-ED) + ( BY
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O )
 1. They separated the rice from the husk.
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2. They built this house more than one hundred years ago.
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III. PASSIVE VOICE WITH PRESENT CONTINUOUS

S + AM/IS/ARE + BEING + P.P (V3/V-ED) + ( BY O

)
1. The secretary is copying some letters.
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2. Someone is building a new hospital.
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IV. PASSIVE VOICE WITH PAST CONTINUOUS

S + WAS/WERE + BEING + P.P (V3/V-ED) + ( BY O

1. They were playing tennis at 10.30 yesterday. )

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2. Ann was doing homework at 5 o’clock this afternoon.
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V. PASSIVE VOICE WITH PRESENT FERFECT

S + HAS/HAVE + BEEN + P.P (V3/V-ED) + ( BY O )

1. Becky has just written a poem.

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2. No one has invited John to the party.
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VI. PASSIVE VOICE WITH PAST PERFECT TENSE

S + HAD + BEEN + P.P (V3/V-ED) + ( BY O )

1. They had exported the rice before May.

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2. I had waited her before I came here.
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VII. PASSIVE VOICE WITH SIMPLE FUTURE

S + WILL + BE + P.P (V3/V-ED) + ( BY O )
1. They won’t punish him.
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2. They will ask you a lot of questions at the interview
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VII. PASSIVE VOICE WITH NEAR FUTURE

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 S + AM / IS / ARE + GOING TO + P.P (V3/V-ED) + ( BY O )
1. The workers are going to pave the road next weekend.
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2. We are going to reserve accommodation tomorrow.
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VIII. PASSIVE VOICE WITH MODAL VERBS

S + MODAL VERB + BE + P.P (V3/V-ED) +

( BY O )
1. Someone ought to paint that fence.
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2. Someone had to fix our car before we left for Chicago.
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SPECIAL CASES
I. YES – NO QUESTIONS:

Do they teach English here?

 Is English taught here?

1. Will you invite her to your wedding party?

Will she be invited to your wedding party ?

2. Did the teacher give some exercises?

Were some exercises given by the teacher ?

3. Is she going to write a poem?

Is the poem going to be written
4. Have they changed the window of the laboratory?
Has the window of the laboratory been changed?

5. Is she making big cakes for the party?

Are big cakes being made for the party ?

II. WH- QUESTIONS:

* Model 1: OBJECT
What did he write?
 What was written (by him)?

1. Why didn’t they help him?

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2. How many games has the team played?
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3. Where do people speak English?
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4. Who are they keeping in the kitchen?
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1. Why didn't they help him?

why wasn't he helped?
2. How many games has the team played?
how many games have been played by the team?
3. Where do people speak E?
where is english spoken
4. Who are they keeping in the kitchen?
who is being kept in the kitchen?

Model 2: SUBJECT
Who repaired your bicycle?
 By whom was your bicycle repaired?

1. Who looked after the children for you?

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III. SENTENCES WITH 2 OBJECTS:

- Indirect object (people): without TO
- Direct object (things/ animals): add TO / FOR
John gave me a book.
 I was given a book by John.
 A book was given to me by John.
1. The teacher gave each of us two exercise books.
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2. Someone will tell him that news.
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1. The teacher gave each of us two exercise books .

=> Two exercise books were given to each of us by the teacher.
=> Each of us was given two exercise books by the teacher.
2. Someone will tell him that news .
=> He will be told that news.
=> That news will be told to him.

IV. SENTENCES WITH VERBS OF REPORTING: say - said, think - thought, report - reported, believe –
believed, presume, assume, claim, consider, estimate, feel, find, know, acknowledge…
* Model 1:
People say that he is a famous doctor.
 It is said that he is a famous doctor.
 He is said to be a famous doctor.

* Model 2:
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 They declare that he won the Cup.
 It is declared that he won the Cup.
 He is declared to have won the Cup.

To V:  To have V3:

- V2: thì tương lai (will + Vbare) - V2: thì HTHT, QKHT
- V1 và V2 cùng thì : - V1 và V2 khác thì :
+ am/ is/ are/ V1/s/es/ don’t/ doesn’t + Va (am/ is/ are/ V1/s/es/ don’t/ doesn’t)
+ was/ were/ V2/ed/ didn’t + Vb (was/ were/ V2/ed/ didn’t)

1. People believe that the boy is living in New York.

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2. They rumored that the man was still living.
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3. People say that three men were arrested after the explosion.
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The boy is believed to be living in NY
it is thought that he has died a natural death
People say that three men were arrested after the explosion.

V. SENTENCES WITH PHRASAL VERBS:

* Model: She looks after her child carefully.
 Her child is looked after carefully.

1. They gave up the research after three hours.

The research was given up after three hours.

2. Someone should look into the matter.

The matter shuold be looked into.

VI. SENTENCES WITH VERBS OF PERCEPTION: see, hear, watch, smell, feel, notice, . . . and
OTHER VERBS: make, help, let, get, ask, . . .
* Model 1: VERBS OF PERCEPTIONS

People heard him giving/give orders.

S V1 O V2
 He was heard giving orders.
(V2 will be same)

* ModelHe2:made
OTHER VERBS
me move my car.
S V1 O V2
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 I was made to move my car.
(add to before V2)
 1. They made him work all day.
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2. The detective saw the woman putting the jewelry in her bag.
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3. The terrorists made the hostages lie down.
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4. I have heard her sing this song several times.
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Active: - S + HAVE + O1 + V + O2.

- S + GET + O1 + TO V + O2.
VII. THE PASSIVE WITH “GET & HAVE” – causative form
Passive: S + O2 + V (pp) + by O1.
Ex: Active: I have a hairdresser do my hair everyday.
I get a hairdresser to do my hair everyday.
Passive: I have my hair done every day.
I get my hair done every day.

1. He asked the mechanic to check his car carefully.

He had his his car checked carefully by the mechanic.
2. Bill and Mary asked the man to buy some sweets.
Bill and Mary got some sweets bought by the man.
3. I am going to ask him to repair the fridge tomorrow.
I am going to get the friegde repaired tommorrow.
4. They have just had someone decorate the living room.
They have just have the living room decorated.

VIII. NEED”
Active Passive
They need to clean the floor The floor needs to be cleaned.
They needn’t clean the floor. The floor needs cleaning.
The floor needn’t be cleaned.
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 Active: S + NEED + TO + V + O
S + NEEDN’T + V
Passive: S + NEED + TO BE + V(PP) + by + S
S + NEED + VING + by + S.
S+ NEEDN’T be + V3/ed

1. You need to have your hair cut.

Your hair needs cutting.
Your hair need to be cut
2. They need to review the lessons before going to class.

The lessons need reviewing before he class

The lesson need to be reviewed before class
IX. IMPERATIVE:
* Model 1:
Verb + Object + Adjunct (Bổ ngữ)
 Let + Object + be + V3/ V-ed + Adjunct

Ex1: Write your name here.

 Let your name be written here.
Ex 2: Don’t do this exercise again.
 Don’t let this exercise be done again.
Ex3: Don’t let Nam tease you.
 Don’t let yourself be teased by Nam.

* Model 2:
Subject + let + sb + V (bare) + sth
Ex: He let me go out.
 I was let to go out.
 I was allowed to go out.

1. Open your book.

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2. Take off your hat.
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3. Don’t do that silly thing again.
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4. Let’s tell them about it.
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5. Don’t let the other see you.
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X. PASSIVE VOICE WITH VERBS USED “THAT …. SHOULD”

A.
Somebody + advise/ beg/ urge/ recommend someone to do something (active)
Or some adjectives: be anxious, be determined
Active: S + V + to inf + O
Passive: S + V + that + O + should + be + p.p
S + V (passive) + to inf

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Ex: He decided to sell the house.
He decided that the house should be sold.

Ex: He advised me to sell the car.

I was advised to sell the car.
He advised that the car should be sold.

B. Somebody + insist/ advise/ propose/ recommend/ suggest + doing something (active)

Active: S + V + gerund + O
Passive: S + V + that + O + should + be + p.p

Ex: They suggested buying a new dictionary.

They suggested that a new dictionary should be bought.

1. They suggested making the test easier

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2. She advised me to sell the house.
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3. They begged us to help him.
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XI- PASSIVE VOICE WITH VERBS“CONTINUE AND BEGIN”

S + continue / begin + to V + O
=> S(O) + continue/begin + to be + V3/ V- ed

1. We'll continue to use this computer.

 ________________________________________________________________________________
2. They began to plant rubber trees in big plantations.
 ________________________________________________________________________________
3. People can continue to enjoy natural resources.-
 ________________________________________________________________________________

XII. CHANGE THESE SENTENCES INTO ACTIVE VOICE

1. This house was built more than 100 years ago.
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2. His painting will be exhibited for the first time by New Arts gallery.
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3. How often are these animals fed?
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4. A new supermarket is going to be built next year.
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