Adverbial clauses

There are three types of dependent clauses: noun clauses, relative clauses, and adverbial
clauses. 
Adverbial clauses are dependent clauses that modify or give more information about a verb
in the independent clause. Adverbial clauses always start with a subordinating conjunction and
must connect to an independent clause to make sense. 
Adverbial clauses modify the main verb of the independent clause by answering one of four
questions: where, when, how, and why. 
1. Where
The subordinating conjunctions where or wherever can both be used at the beginning of dependent
adverbial clauses to answer the question, where. 
For example: 
 Wherever Mary went, the lamb was sure to go.
In this example, the adverbial clause gives us the location of Mary’s lost lamb.
2. When
Subordinating conjunctions such as after, as soon as, before, now that, once, till, until, and while begin
the adverbial clause and modify the verb by showing when the action of the independent clause
occurred. 
For example: 
 You may have dessert as soon as you finish your dinner. 
In the sentence above, the adverbial clause lets us know the time frame for dessert.
3. How 
Adverbial clauses can also begin with subordinating conjunctions that answer the question, how?, and
some of these conjunctions are as, as far as, as if, as long as, as though, insofar as, in that, lest, no matter
how, provided that, and unless. Often these types of conjunctions imply some sort of condition on the
verb, as if the action of the sentence is contingent on what is outlined in the dependent clause. 
For example: 
 I will watch that movie with you as long as you promise that I will not get bored.
In this sentence, the speaker agrees to an action, “watching a movie” on the condition that it is not a
boring movie.
4. Why 
Lastly, adverbial clauses can also express why the action of the sentence happens, and these clauses do
so by using one of the following subordinating conjunctions: because, even if, even though, in case that,
since, so that, and why. 
For example: 
 Since I trust you to take care of it , we will adopt a dog today. 
The adverbial clause in the sentence above explains why the speaker has chosen to adopt a dog.
Ex1. Complete the sentences with the given adverbial clauses. "before, after, whenever,
while, until and as soon as".

1. I went up to my room to drop off my bags ___________I checked in.

2. I saw a stranded dolphin  ______ I was walking down the beach.
3. We had better wait here under the tree    _______ the rain slows down a bit.
4. I promise, I will call you soon  _______ we get there.
5. We'd better start our hike back to camp  _______ it gets dark.
6. Don't forget to brush your teeth   _____ you go to sleep.
7. I will let you know   _______ I get any information about your promotion.
8. Don't bother to call me  _______ you have any problem.
9. You should pick up Daniel from work  ______ you finish your dinner.
10. I prefer to drive  _______ I have a chance to travel.
11. You can't go anywhere  _______ you finish your assignments.
12. I didn't know about the accident  ________ I talked to Sam.
13. I called the firefighters  ________ I saw the smoke coming from the forest.
14. I feel homesick  ________ I eat a homemade cake.
15. My hands begin to shake nervously _______ I am angry.
16. Finish your homework   ________ dinner is ready.
17. I feel much better  ________ taking a shower.
18. Finish your homework  _______ going to bed.
19. The lights went out  ________ I was trying to fix the computer.
20. We are not leaving anywhere  ______ everything is sorted out.
1. after / as soon as
2. while
3. until
4. after
5. before
6. before
7. as soon as
8. whenever
9. after / as soon as
10. whenever
11. before / until
12. before / until
13. after / as soon as
14. whenever
15. whenever
16. before / until
17. after
18. before
19. while 20. Before/until
1. I waited for my friend ......................................... he arrived.

a. until b. up to c. unless
2. He hid ......................................... his pursuers could not find him.

a.there b.where c. when

3. I am as intelligent ....................................... you are.

a. as b.so c.than
4. ............................................ he was not there, I left a message with his mother.

a. As b.So c.Therefore
5. We eat .............................................. we may live.

a. that b.so c.as

6. She was ........................................... tired that she could barely stand.

a.so b.such c.as

7. .............................................. you eat too much, you may fall ill.

a.If b.Whether c.Unless

8. ........................................ he started early, he finished late.

a. As b.Though c.So
9. ............................................... you do not tell me everything, I will not be able to help you.

a.If b.Unless c.Whether

10. Do not go ................................................ I get ready.

a. until b.unless c.up to

Answers
1. I waited for my friend until he arrived.
2. He hid where his pursuers could not find him.
3. I am as intelligent as you are.
4. As he was not there, I left a message with his mother.
5. We eat that we may live.
6. She was so tired that she could barely stand.
7. If you eat too much, you may fall ill.
8. Though he started early, he finished late.
9. If you do not tell me everything, I will not be able to help you.
10. Do not go until I get ready.