1. Blood-sucking arthropod vector such as ______, ______, ________.

2. filarial nematodes infect the_____________, ______________, ____________, and____________.

3. Where does the infective larval stage reside?
4. The infective larvae grow and develop into the adult gravid worm in the human host in how many months?
5. Where does the female and male adult worms’ mate?
6. The female worm produces large numbers of larvae called?
7. Parasites can reside in the host for many years and cause what?
8. The identification of various species is based on?
9. It is a physical, mental, and behavioral changes that follow a 24-hour cycle.
10. What do you call the study of circadian rhythms?
11. Filariae inhabit a variety of tissue, give 5
12. What is the diagnosis of microfilariae?
13. What diagnosis is considered as sensitive procedure?
14. Adult worms are often sequestered in?
15. Microfilariae may be seen moving in what?
16. In Knotts concentration, what will you need?
17. How many mL of heparinized blood you will be using under the membrane filter test?
18. Size of the nucleopore filter used in the membrane filter?
19. What microfilariae spp displays a nocturnal periodicity?
20. What microfilariae spp diurnal a nocturnal periodicity?
21. What microfilariae spp displays non periodic?
22. In W. bancrofti and B. malayi filariae, blood should be draw in what time?
23. In Loa loa filariae, blood should be draw in what time?
24. What microfilariaes are found in skin?
25. These microfilariae can be detected trough skin snips or punch biopsies
26. It is the most common filariaris to infect humans
27. Severe involvement of the lower extremities and genitalia may result in____________.
28. Vectors of Wuchereria bancrofti?
29. It is a sheathed microfilaria, pointed tail and the cephalic space is not long as it is wide and has distinct nuclei in
the nuclear column.
30. Adults exhibit microfilariae in their blood without experiencing symptoms, what do you call this filariasis?
31. Pts exhibit moderate generalized enlargement of lymph nodes, especially in the ______ region.
32. Blood examination discloses numerous microfilariae and ___________________.
33. Recurrent attacks are characterized by___________, ____________, ___________and localized areas of swelling
and redness of the arms and legs
34. They experience acute lymphanngitis of spermatic cord, epididymitis, orchitis, and scrotal edema.
35. This is the result from the worms and their toxic products
36. It is the dramatic result of filariasis
37. Obstructive filariasis develops__________, usually follows years of continuous filarial infection, and is preceded
by chronic edema and often by repeated acute inflammatory attacks.
38. In chronic stage the cellular reaction and edema are replaced by _______________
39. mcf is generally ___________ in patients with elephantiasis
40. Rupture of the lymphatics of the kidney may produce______________?
41. It is similar to that of W. bancrofti, although it is often milder and more frequently involves the lymphatics of the
upper extremities.
42. What parasite stains well with Giemsa stain?
43. The tail of the parasite has a swelling at the tip and has two solitary nuclei located beyond the end of the nuclear
column (termed subterminal and terminal nuclei) and the cephalic space is long that it is wide
44. Microfilariae are very similar to those of B. malayi, although somewhat larger, what is being described?
45. Also known as the African eye worm, eye worm
46. Where does loa loa lives?
47. Loa loa migrate continuously, producing transient (2-3 days) local inflammatory reactions known as
_____________________?
48. It is caused by parasitic worm Loa loa?
49. What is the periodicity of loa loa?
50. Loa loa does not stain in what stain?
51. Nuclei in the tail extend to the rounded tip, the nuclear column is distinct, and the cephalic space is short.
52. It is a leading cause of blindness in endemic areas, which include central Africa, Central America (Mexico and
Guatemala), and northern South America.
53. What is the vector of O. volvulus?
54. Adult worms live in ____________________in subcutaneous and deeper tissues that can grow to be 40 mm in
diameter.
55. Movement of microfilariae through the surface of the eye may result in__________, ____________,
and______________________________, thus leading to blindness with repeated infections over time.
56. It lacks both a sheath and nuclei in the tail tip.
57. Give the 3 Mansonella spp that infects humans
58. What disease is caused by M. ozzardi?
59. Infections are often assymptomatic but may produce____________, ___________, and___________.
60. Mcf is present in _______ and in the ________ (no cutaneous pathology)
61. Disease caused by M. perstans
62. Former name of M. perstans
63. What is the infective and definitive host of M. perstans?
64. What are the symptoms of M. perstans?
65. What are the diagnosis of M . perstans?
66. The unsheathed mcf found in the skin of humans and chimpanzees have the appearance of a
________________________ (with nuclei extending to the tip).
67. What is the intermediate host of M. streptocerca
68. It is non pathogenis but may cause ___________ and ___________.
69. What is the treatment of M. streptocerca
70. What other filarial infections that may infect humans? Give 4
71. Mature parasite of Angiostrongylus cantonensis and Angiostrongylus costaricensis is normally found in where?
72. This Angiostrongylus spp migrate to the brain and spinal cord (producing eosinophilic meningoencephalitis.
73. This Angiostrongylus spp cause acute abdominal syndrome with inflammatory lesion of the ileocecal region.
74. The (female) nematodes is known by their typical barber’s pole appearance, which results from spiral disposition
of the blood-filled intestine and the white uterine tubes in fully developed female worms, what Angiostrongylus
spp is this
75. How humans acquire infection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis?
76. Where did the infective stage of Angiostrongylus spp develops?
77. What type of meningoencephalitis is produced by Angiostrongylus cantonensis?
78. How to diagnose the Angiostrongylus cantonensis?