Chapter 1

Electric circuit Prepared by: Mr Sia Zhi Wei

 Chapter 1: Electric circuit
1.1 Electric charge
1.2 Electric current
1.3 Voltage
1.4 Ohm’s law and resistance
1.5 Electric circuit
1.6 Electromotive force (E.m.f) and internal resistance
1.7 Factors that affect the resistance of a wire
Learning objectives

By the end of this section, you will be able to:

1. State Ohm’s law.

2. Draw the best fit line for a data set.
3. Find the gradient from the best fit line.
4. Calculate the resistance from given voltage and current.
Rheostat

Function: Change the resistance of the circuit in order to change the current.
The longer the wire, the higher the resistance.

Low resistance High resistance

Resistance

Resistance is a measure of how difficult it is for an electric current to pass

through a material.
It is the property of the material that restricts the movement of free electrons
in the material.
Reading ( Module E, pg 20)
Ohm’s law

Ohm’s law: Voltage is directly propositional to current.

V∝𝐼 R = Resistance;
V = 𝐼R V = Potential difference;
𝐼 = Current.
Appendix: Best fit line

A best fit line is a straight line that minimises the distance between it and
some data.
Appendix: Gradient

The gradient of a straight line shows us how steep the line is.