Our Special Senses

Category: Five Sense Organs

Introduction

We have special senses that enable us to understand our surroundings. Our nerves and organs
rely on them to feed information to our brains and bodies so they can understand physical
events. They also regulate how we interact with the outside environment. Like many other
animals, humans rely on sensory data to navigate their environment. Frequently, we inhabit
environments that are chaotic and overflowing with events, things, and experiences. People
view the world through their senses. These senses are represented by five different sensory
organs and the inputs each organ processes. There are five senses: touch, taste, smell, sound,
and hearing.

Functions of the senses

A person's overall sensory information in a particular environment is greatly influenced by the
way their sense organs work. A person's ability to comprehend their environment and make
daily judgments will depend on how well each organ is functioning.

● Eyes – Sight
The eyes are our body's visual sense organs and have light image sensitivity. Melanin in
our bodies affects the color of our eyes, which aids in the sense of sight. The iris
regulates the pupil's size and width, and the vitreous body of the eye is located behind
the lens. The retina is located at the far back of the eyeball and gives the eyeball its
shape and transmits light there.

● Ears – Hearing

The hearing sense organs in our body are the ears. They aid in the perception of sound.
We perceive sounds because of air vibrations that our auditory system picks up. Hearing
or audio caption is what this is. The middle ear, the inner ear, and the outer ear make up
the three portions of the ears. All sounds are essentially vibrations, which the outer ear
transmits into the ear canal where the brain converts the vibrations into audible sound.
In addition to hearing, this sense is critical for maintaining our equilibrium or bodily
balance.
 ● Tongue – Taste

The tongue helps in the perception of numerous flavors and tastes. On the tongue, the
taste buds are situated between the papillae and aid in the perception of various flavors.
Chemoreceptors in the tongue's taste buds function similarly to those in the nasal cavity.
There are four distinct types of taste buds, and each one can detect different sorts of
tastes including sweetness, sourness, bitterness, and saltiness. In contrast, the
chemoreceptors in the nose would sense any form of scent.

● Nose – Smell

Our ability to detect various scents and tastes is assisted by the olfactory organ known as
the nose. Olfactory cells with cilia that extend into the nasal cavity and olfactory nerve
fibers line the inside. Air enters the nasal cavity when a person breathes in, and the
olfactory cells, which are chemoreceptors with protein receptors that can distinguish
minute chemical changes, attach to the cilia to convey a nerve impulse to the brain.
Food tastes bland when one has a cold because the body creates mucus to inhibit the
sense of smell.

● Skin – Touch

The biggest organ in our body is the skin. It is associated with the tactile sense.
Tactioception is another name for the tactile sense. The skin has universal receptors that
can sense pressure, temperature, pain, and touch. They can be found all over the skin.
When engaged, skin receptors produce an impulse that travels first to the spinal column
and then to the central nervous system.

Conclusion

These are the major senses. We wouldn't be able to comprehend the world the way we do
without these five senses, which might make life on Earth much more difficult. The sense organs
are important for a person to be educated about their surroundings and select what behaviors
are required.

Reference:

https://byjus.com/biology/sense-organs/