Introduction

to Literature
Society and Literature
Weeks 1 and 2 | Prelims
Literary Pieces with Social Relevance

• The Song “Dukha”

• Footnote to Youth
• My Father Goes to Court
• The Poverty of the Woman who
Turned Herself into Stone
• Song for a Dry Season
• Amira
Literary Pieces with Social Relevance

• Nena’s Story: I Survived Human Trafficking

• The Avocado Tree
• Magnificence
• Wedding Dance
• Letter to Pedro
• A Borderless World
• The Day the Dancers Came
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:

• identify the standards used in literature;

• determine the literary divisions and genres;
• classify different types of literary forms;
• share insights on the importance of literature; and
• show understanding of how music is exemplified
as a social literary form.
 1
What is
LITERATURE?
 2
What makes literature
LITERATURE?
7 Literary Standards
DIVISIONS OF LITERATURE
PROSE POETRY
• written or spoken • uses aesthetic and
language in its rhythmic qualities of
ordinary form language
• paragraph form • verse/stanza form
• prosaic • stanzaic
 POETRY PROSE
Language Evocative and aesthetic General form
Latin word ‘poeta,’ Latin term ‘prosa,’
Origin
meaning ‘poet’ meaning ‘straightforward’
Words and Best words in the best Simple words in their best
Order order order
Basic unit Lines ► Stanzas Sentences ► Paragraphs
Form of Writing Lyrical Typical
Divisions Lines and verses Phrases and sentences
 GENRES OF LITERATURE
FICTION NON-FICTION
• composed of • based mainly on
invented scenarios factual situations
and characters and real people
• imaginative • realistic
A. PROSE
• Fable
• Novel
• Folktale
• Novelette
• Parable
• Short Story
• Science Fiction
• Fairy Tale
• Anecdote
• Legend
• Myth
• Fantasy
• Plays
A. PROSE
• News
• Diary
• Essay
• Autobiography
• Speech
• Biography
• Oration
• Journal
• Research
• Memoir
• Thesis
• Letters
• Cookbook
B. POETRY

• Ode • Sonnet
• Elegy • Folksong
• Song • Psalms
• Corrido • Proverbs
B. POETRY

• Epic
• Metrical Romance
• Metrical Tale
• Ballad
B. POETRY
• Comedy
• Farce
• Tragedy
• Melodrama
• Tragicomedy
IMPORTANCE OF LITERATURE
• Literature helps expand the horizon.
• Literature gives a look into the past,
present, and future.
• Literature gives a view into human
conditions.
Reasons for Literature being Banned

• Racial issues
• Encouraging of damaging
lifestyles/ ill will
• Blasphemous dialogue
• Sexual situations/ obscene acts
Reasons for Literature being Banned

• Presence of witchcraft
• Religious affiliation/ degradation
• Political biases/ anti-government
• Age-inappropriate
MUSIC as part of LITERATURE
Ako'y isang anak mahirap
Lagi nalang akong nagsusumikap
DUKHA - Judas
Ang buhay ko'y walang sigla
No read, no write pa ako
Puro nalang dusa
Paano na ngayon ang buhay ko?
Paano na kaya ang buhay ko?
Isang kahig, isang tuka
Sa akin ay walang tumatanggap
Ganyan kaming mga dukha
Mababa raw ang aking pinagaralan
Isang kahig, isang tuka
Grade one lang ang inabot ko
Ganyan kaming mga dukha