Project Title:

Signal Generator

Supervised by: Dr. Mamdouh gouda

Team Members:
Shawky Ramadan shawky 18194181
Sherif Safwat Sabry 192042
Mohamed maher Mohamed. 19204108

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Table of Contents
Introduction to Signal Generator………………….…………3

Circuit diagram of Signal Generator…..................................4

Components................................................................................5

Simulation using Proteus..........................................................6

Simulation using Proteus on oscilloscope……………………7

Layout of circuit using Proteus ...............................................8

Circuit diagram after design ....................................................9

Testing Of Signal Generator (Square wave).........................10

Testing Of Signal Generator (Triangle wave)……………..11

Testing Of Signal Generator (Sin wave)………………….12

Working Explanation........................................................13

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Introduction OF Signal Generator

In electrical engineering, a function generator is usually

a piece of electronic test equipment or software used to
generate different types of electrical waveforms over a
wide range of frequencies. Some of the most common
waveforms produced by the function generator are
the sine wave, square wave, triangular
wave and sawtooth shapes. These waveforms can be
either repetitive or single-shot (which requires an internal
or external trigger source).[1] Another feature included
on many function generators is the ability to add a DC
offset. Integrated circuits used to generate waveforms
may also be described as function generator ICs.
Although function generators cover both audio and radio
frequencies, they are usually not suitable for applications
that need low distortion or stable frequency signals.
When those traits are required, other signal
generators would be more appropriate.
Some function generators can be phase-locked to an
external signal source (which may be a frequency
reference) or another function generator.
Function generators are used in the development, test and
repair of electronic equipment. For example, they may be
used as a signal source to test amplifiers or to introduce
an error signal into a control loop. Function generators
are primarily used for working with analog circuits,
related pulse generators are primarily used for working
with digital circuits.

3
Circuit diagram of Signal Generator

4
Hardware Components of Signal Generator

S.No Components Value Qty

1 IC NE555 1
2 LED
1
3 Resistor 1KΩ 1
4 Resistor 68KΩ 1
5 Resistor 510Ω 1
6 Resistor 10kΩ 2
7 Resistor 3.3kΩ 1
8 Variable Resistor 100KΩ 1
9 Resistors 100Ω 1
10 Capacitor 100µF 1

11 Capacitor 10nF 2

12 Capacitor 10µF 1

13 Capacitor 470nF 1

14 Capacitor 100nF 1

15 Connecting Wires –

16 Switch 1

17 Adaptor 6v:12v 1

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Simulation using Proteus on (Signal Generator)

6
Simulation using Proteus on oscilloscope (Signal Generator)

7
Layout using Proteus (Signal Generator)

Bottom copper

Top copper &silk

8
Circuit diagram after design (Signal Generator)

9
Testing Of Signal Generator (Square wave)

10
Testing Of Signal Generator (Triangle wave)

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Testing Of Signal Generator (sin wave)

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Working Explanation (Signal Generator)
As shown in the figure, the circuit can generate square
wave, triangle wave and sine wave at the same
time and output them. The signal generator has the
advantages of simple circuit, low cost and convenient
adjustment. 555 timer is connected into the working
form of multivibrator, C2 is timing capacitor, charge
circuit of C2 is R2 → R3 → Rp→ C2; discharge circuit of
C2 is 7-pin (discharge tube) of C2 → Rp→ R3 → IC.
Because of R3 + RP “R2, the charging time constant is
approximately equal to the discharge time constant,
and the output of the three pins of the IC is
approximately symmetric square wave. According to
the component parameters shown in the figure, the
frequency is about 1kHz. Adjust the potentiometer RP
to change the frequency of the oscillator. After the
square wave signal passes through Rp and C5 integral
network, the triangle wave is output. The triangular
wave then passes through R5 and C6 integral
network to output the approximate sine wave. C1 is the
power filter capacitor. The LED VD is used as the power
indicator.

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