Great question! So, let's imagine you have a toy car with wheels that can spin.

Now, imagine you have a battery that can make the wheels spin by sending
electricity to them through wires.

Now, let's say you want to make a bigger version of this toy car that can carry
people. You would need a bigger motor to make the car move. In a bigger motor,
there is a part called the rotor that rotates when electricity is applied to it.

In an induction machine, the rotor has a bunch of wires wrapped around it. These
wires are called rotor bars. But, unlike the wires in the toy car, the rotor bars
are not connected to a battery or power source. Instead, they are left "floating"
or "unconnected".

Now, here's the interesting part. When electricity is applied to the stator, it
creates a magnetic field that spins around the rotor. This magnetic field induces a
current in the rotor bars, even though they are not connected to a power source.

If the rotor bars were not shorted, this induced current would cause the rotor to
heat up and could damage the motor. So, to prevent this from happening, the ends of
the rotor bars are connected together with metal rings. This creates a closed loop
for the induced current to flow through, which helps to reduce the heat and protect
the motor.

So, in summary, the rotor bars in an induction machine are shorted together to
create a closed loop for the induced current to flow through, which helps to
protect the motor from damage.