May 2022 Past Paper video solutions now available!

Subjects Gold Membership SURESH

/ IB Math / IB Math AI HL / Questionbank / Statistics & Probability

/ Estimation & Confidence Intervals

IB MATH AI HL ) QUESTIONBANK

Estimation & Confidence

Intervals
Reliability & Validity of Data Cellection, Unbiased Estimators,
Central Limit Theorem, Confidence Intervals...

Paper Difficulty

Paper 1 Paper 2 Easy Medium Hard

View

All Complete Incomplete Jump to

Question 1 CALCULATOR
 [Maximum mark: 6] MEDIUM

A quality control test was conducted at a brewery to

assess the accuracy of the labelled volume of beer in Formula Booklet

each bottle. A sample of 25 beer bottles were Mark Scheme

randomly chosen and it was found that the mean
volume of beer in the sample was 331.25 ml and the Video (a)
standard deviation of the sample was 3.264 ml. Video (b)

1. Find the unbiased estimate for the standard Video (c)

deviation, sn−1 . [2]
Mark as complete
2. Find a 95% confidence interval for the population
mean, correct to 2 decimal places. [3]

Each bottle of beer produced is labelled as having a

volume of 330 ml.

3. Comment on this claim with reference to your

finding in part (b). [1]

Question 2 CALCULATOR
 [Maximum mark: 6] MEDIUM

A quality control manager at a pharmaceutical

company carries out a weight variation test on Formula Booklet

Chlorpheniramine tablets, an anti-allergy drug, Mark Scheme

produced on a certain day. The manager randomly
samples 18 tablets and finds the mean weight of the Video (a)
sample is 3.97 mg and the standard deviation of the Video (b)
sample is 0.152 mg.
Video (c)
1. Find the unbiased estimate for the standard
deviation, sn−1 . [2] Mark as complete

2. Find a 95% confidence interval of the population

mean, correct to 2 decimal places. [3]

These tablets are packaged into bottles labelled as

Chlorpheniramine 4 mg.

3. Comment on the accuracy of the labelled weights

of the tablets with reference to your findings in
part (b). [1]

Question 3 CALCULATOR

[Maximum mark: 8] MEDIUM

James, an experienced software engineer, develops a

new natural language processing algorithm. He wants Formula Booklet

to assess how long it takes for the algorithm to analyse Mark Scheme
a 500 megabyte data set. He records the running time
on 10 random data sets of this size with the following Video (a)
results, in seconds. Video (b)

10.2, 8.7, 9.3, 14.5, 8.5, 15.7, 10.4, 9.8, 13.6, 16.3 Video (c)

Assume that these times are a random sample from a Mark as complete
normal distribution N(μ, σ 2 ).

1. Determine unbiased estimates for μ and σ 2 . [2]

2. Calculate a 95% confidence interval for μ. [3]

 3. Before James calculated the confidence interval,
he guessed that the algorithm run time would be
10 seconds on average. To check this, he sets up
the null hypothesis H0 : μ = 10.
1. Determine the value of an appropriate test
statistic for the given data and find the
corresponding p-value using a two-tailed test.

2. State and justify your conclusion at a 5%

significance level. [3]

Question 4 CALCULATOR

[Maximum mark: 8] MEDIUM

The UK National Institute for Clinical Excellence

recommends that healthy blood glucose levels for Formula Booklet

adults should be within the range of 4.0 to 5.9 Mark Scheme

 adults should be within the range of 4.0 to 5.9 Mark Scheme
mmol/L.
Video (a)
Kelly, a nutritionist and advocate of the Paleo diet,
Video (b)
believes that following a Paleo diet maintains low
blood glucose levels and those who follow it will have Video (c)
average blood glucose levels of about 4.0 mmol/L
when in a fasted state. Mark as complete

Kelly conducts a test to validate her claim and

samples 8 colleagues that follow a Paleo diet. Their
blood glucose levels upon waking are as follows:

4.2, 3.7, 3.8, 3.7, 4.4, 4.1, 3.8, 4.0

Assume that these sample participants have been

randomly selected from a normal distribution N(μ, σ 2 )
.

1. Determine unbiased estimates for μ and σ 2 . [2]

2. Calculate a 90% confidence interval for μ. [3]

3. To validate her claim, Kelly sets the null

hypothesis H0 : μ = 4.0.
1. Determine the value of an appropriate test
statistic for the given data and find the
corresponding p-value using a two-tailed test.

2. State and justify your conclusion at a 5%

significance level. [3]

Question 5 CALCULATOR
[Maximum mark: 6] MEDIUM

A reverse vending machine is placed at a supermarket

for customers to feed in used plastic beverage bottles Formula Booklet

and get an instant rebate. The manager of the Mark Scheme

supermarket claims that they collect 100 plastic
beverage bottles on average per day from the Video (a)
machine. Video (b)

Leo, a recycling specialist, wants to check this claim. Video (c)

He records the number of plastic beverage bottles (x) Video (d)
every day for 29 consecutive days and found that
Mark as complete
∑ x = 2793 and  ∑ x2 = 269 354.

1. Find an unbiased estimate for the mean number (

μ) of plastic bottles per day. [1]

To find an unbiased estimate for the variance of

plastic bottles collected per day, Leo uses the formula

2
( ∑ x)
∑ x2 −
n
s2n−1 = .
n−1

2. Determine the unbiased estimate for the variance

found by Leo. [2]
 3. Find a 95% confidence interval for μ, assuming
the number of plastic bottles per day is a random
variable following a normal distribution. [2]

4. State a valid conclusion that Leo could make

about the manager's claim. Give a reason to your
answer. [1]

Question 6 CALCULATOR

[Maximum mark: 5] MEDIUM

The population standard deviation of the heights of

all IB DP2 students worldwide was found to be 17 cm. Formula Booklet

A random sample of 100 of these students was Mark Scheme

completed, with the sample mean height found to be
168 cm. Video (a)

Video (b)
1. Determine a 90% confidence interval for the
population mean height, rounded to one decimal
Mark as complete
place. [3]

2. Determine the sample size required for which the

90% confidence interval found in part (a) reduces
its width by half. [2]

Question 7 CALCULATOR

[Maximum mark: 5] MEDIUM

A seafood restaurant orders a large quantity of

Western Rock lobsters from a local seafood wholesale Formula Booklet

provider. The manager of the restaurant weighs 56 Mark Scheme

 provider. The manager of the restaurant weighs 56 Mark Scheme
lobsters at random and finds that the mean weight of
this sample is 4.3 kg. Video (a)

Video (b)
1. Given that the population standard deviation is
0.5 kg, determine a 95% confidence interval for
Mark as complete
the population mean weight. [3]

2. Determine the sample size for which the 95%

confidence interval found in part (a) reduces its
width by half. [2]

Question 8 CALCULATOR

[Maximum mark: 6] MEDIUM

The diameter of apples grown in a large apple farm in

Turkey is known to vary with a standard deviation of Formula Booklet

1.4 cm. Mark Scheme

1. A staff member at the farm picks a basket of 112 Video (a)

apples at random and measures their diameters.
Video (b)
The mean diameter of this sample is 10.5 cm.
Calculate a 95% confidence interval for the mean
Mark as complete
diameter of the population of apples at the farm. [3]

2. Another staff member is about to pick a random

sample of n apples from the same farm. Find the
minimum value of n needed for the width of a
95% confidence interval to be less than 0.4 cm. [3]

Question 9 CALCULATOR
Question 9

[Maximum mark: 6] MEDIUM

The heights of all players in the United States

National Basketball Association (NBA) is known to Formula Booklet

vary with a standard deviation of 9.85 cm. Mark Scheme

1. A player statistician selects 30 players at random Video (a)

from the NBA and researches their recorded
Video (b)
height. The mean height of this sample is 201.4
cm. Calculate a 95% confidence interval for the
Mark as complete
mean heights of all the players in the NBA,
correct to the nearest mm. [3]

2. Another statistician is about to create a random

sample n players from the NBA. Find the
minimum value of n needed for the width of a
95% confidence interval to be less than 4 cm. [3]

Question 10 CALCULATOR

[Maximum mark: 12] HARD

The total amount of time, T , in hours, that a newborn

baby sleeps in a day can be approximately modelled Formula Booklet

by a normal distribution with mean μ and variance σ 2 Mark Scheme

.
Video (a)
A random sample of T on five days are as follows.
Video (b)
15.5, 12.8, 14.7, 16.4, 14.2
Mark as complete
1. Given that σ 2 = 1,

1. determine a 95% confidence interval for μ.

2. determine the minimum number of values of

T for which the total length of a 90%
confidence interval for μ is less than 0.5
hours. [8]

2. If σ 2 is not given, determine a 95% confidence

 interval for μ. [4]

Question 11 CALCULATOR

[Maximum mark: 12] HARD

The average serving speed, S , in kilometers per hour,

of the top 100 male professional tennis players in the Formula Booklet

world can be approximately modelled by a normal Mark Scheme

distribution with mean μ and variance σ 2 .
Video (a)
A random sample of 8 of these players are chosen,
Video (b)
with their average serving speeds recorded as follows

208.5, 203.6, 204.8, 211.0, 210.9, 199.5, 205.7, 201.8 Mark as complete

1. Given that σ 2 = 20,

1. determine a 90% confidence interval for μ,

giving the bounds of the interval to two
decimal places.

2. determine the minimum number of values of

S for which the total length of a 95%
confidence interval for μ is less than 5 km/hr. [8]

2. If σ 2 is not given, determine a 95% confidence

interval for μ, correct to one decimal place. [4]
Question 12 CALCULATOR

[Maximum mark: 6] HARD

A local electronics distributor would like to import

digital thermometers from a manufacturer overseas. Formula Booklet

Prior to the purchase, they test a random sample of 6 Mark Scheme

of the thermometers by recording the forehead
temperature of a volunteer. It is believed that if the Video (a)
true temperature of the volunteer is μ, the recorded Video (b)
temperatures will be normally distributed with mean
of μ and standard deviation of 0.32∘ C. Mark as complete

The recorded temperatures, in degrees Celsius, of the

volunteer on the 6 thermometers are as follows:

36.2, 35.7, 35.8, 36.5, 36.2, 35.4.

1. Find a 99% confidence interval to estimate μ,

correct to 2 decimal places. [3]
 2. Find the confidence level of the interval that
corresponds to half the width of the 99%
confidence interval found in part (a). Express
your answer as a percentage correct to the nearest
whole number. [3]

Question 13 CALCULATOR

[Maximum mark: 6] HARD

The temperature in degrees Celsius at midday in

Sydney, Australia, during the summer months is Formula Booklet

normally distributed with mean of μ and standard Mark Scheme

deviation of 2.3∘ C. A sample was conducted whereby
5 days were randomly selected during summer and Video (a)
their midday temperatures recorded, as follows: Video (b)

31.3, 34.6, 30.1, 33.6, 35.8.

Mark as complete
1. Find a 95% confidence interval to estimate μ,
correct to 1 decimal place. [3]

2. Find the confidence level of the interval that

corresponds to half the width of the 95%
confidence interval found in part (a). Express
your answer as a percentage correct to the nearest
whole number. [3]

Question 14 CALCULATOR

[Maximum mark: 14] HARD

A waist reduction study was conducted on a large

population of volunteer participants. The participants Formula Booklet

went on a low sugar diet for a duration of two months. Mark Scheme
Each participant measured their waist circumference,
in cm, before and after the two month study. The Video (a)
results of a sample of 10 participants are shown in the Video (b)
 Video (b)
table below.
Video (c)

Mark as complete

1. Determine unbiased estimates for the mean and

variance of the waist size reduction of all
participants in the waist reduction study. [4]

2. The study aims to determine if a low sugar diet

significantly reduces waist size circumference.

1. State the null and alternative hypotheses.

2. Determine the value of the statistic used for

testing the hypotheses.

3. Find the critical value at a significance level

of 2% and state your conclusion. [6]

One of the study participants tries to estimate the

mean waist size reduction using the data table above
and obtains a confidence interval of (−2.93, 7.95).

3. Find the confidence level of this interval. [4]

Question 15 CALCULATOR

[Maximum mark: 14] HARD

People who like to play golf may choose to take

lessons from a certified professional in order to Formula Booklet

improve (lower) their scores. A study was conducted Mark Scheme

on a large population of golfers who received a weekly
golf lesson over a three month period. The average Video (a)
scores of a sample of 10 of these golfers, before and Video (b)
after the three month period, are shown in the table
below. Video (c)

Mark as complete
 1. Determine unbiased estimates for the mean and
variance of the average golf score reduction of all
participants in the study. [4]

2. The study aims to determine if undertaking

weekly golf lessons significantly reduces a golfers
average score.

1. State the null and alternative hypotheses.

2. Determine the value of the statistic used for

testing the hypotheses.

3. Find the critical value at a significance level

of 5% and state your conclusion. [6]

One of the study participants tries to estimate the

mean average score reduction using the data table
above and obtains a confidence interval of (0.29, 2.29).

3. Find the confidence level of this interval. [4]

 Thank you Revision Village Members

#1 IB Math 34% Grade 70% of IB

Resource Increase Students
Revision Village was ranked Revision Village students More and more IB students
the #1 IB Math Resources by scored 34% greater than the are using Revision Village to
IB Students & Teachers in IB Global Average in their prepare for their IB Math
2021 & 2022. exams M2021N. Exams.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the IB Math AI HL How should I use the AI HL

Questionbank? Questionbank?
 Where should I start in the AI HL What if I finish the AI HL
Questionbank? Questionbank?
More IB Math AI HL Resources

Questionbank Practice Key Past Papers

All the questions
Exams Concepts Full worked
you could need! Choose your Helpful solutions to all
Sorted by topic revision tool! refreshers past paper
and arranged by Contains topic summarizing questions,
difficulty, with quizzes for exactly what you taught by
mark schemes and focused study, need to know experienced IB
video solutions for Revision Village about the most instructors.
every question. mock exams important
covering the concepts
whole syllabus, covered in the
and the revision course.
ladder to
precisely target
your learning.

General

Contact Us
Copyright X Revision Village 2022
About
All content on this website has been developed independently from
All content on this website has been developed independently from
Testimonials
and is not endorsed by the International Baccalaureate Organization.
International Baccalaureate and IB are registered trademarks owned FAQs
by the International Baccalaureate Organization. Membership
RV Gold Pricing
Privacy Policy
Terms & Conditions
Feedback