electromagnetic interference (EMI):

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is a common problem in electrical engineering that refers to the
disturbance of electromagnetic fields that can interfere with the operation of electronic devices. EMI can
be caused by a variety of sources, including power lines, motors, radio transmitters, and electronic
devices themselves.

The effects of EMI can range from minor disruptions in electronic equipment to complete system
failures. To mitigate the effects of EMI, electrical engineers use a range of techniques, including
shielding, filtering, and grounding.

Shielding involves placing a conductive barrier around electronic equipment to prevent electromagnetic
fields from entering or leaving the equipment. Filtering involves using electronic components, such as
capacitors and inductors, to suppress or attenuate unwanted electromagnetic signals. Grounding
involves connecting electronic equipment to a common ground to reduce the risk of EMI.

Recent research has focused on developing new techniques for EMI analysis and mitigation. For
example, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing and simulation are being used to identify potential
sources of EMI and evaluate the effectiveness of different mitigation techniques. In addition, advanced
materials, such as metamaterials and nanomaterials, are being developed to improve shielding and
filtering performance.

Overall, EMI is a significant challenge for electrical engineers, particularly as electronic devices become
more prevalent in everyday life. By understanding the causes of EMI and developing effective mitigation
techniques, electrical engineers can ensure the reliable and efficient operation of electronic devices,
from small handheld devices to large-scale industrial systems.