Discussant: MA. SALOME B.

LUCAS Subject: CONTEMPORARY TEACHING

STRATEGIES AND TECHNIQUES
(EDUC. 212)
Section: EM 3-C Professor Dr. MARIA TERESA F. LUGTU
S.Y. 2021-2022
Topic: The Meaning and Techniques of Date Reported: March 26, 2022 (Saturday) ;
Teaching 8:00am

THE MEANING AND TECHNIQUES OF TEACHING

I. Definition of terms
a. What Is Teaching? It's about motivating students to learn, which should be done
in a manner that is relevant, meaningful, and memorable. It's about caring for
your craft/skills, having a passion for it, and conveying that passion to everyone,
most importantly to your students. Good teaching is also about bridging the gap
between theory and practice. It's about immersing oneself in the field, talking to,
consulting with, and assisting practitioners, and liaison with their communities.
b. What Makes A Good Teacher? enthusiasm / eagerness; preparedness;
punctuality; support & show concern for students; consistency; politeness;
firmness and control, provides personal help; do not criticize students; is humble,
fair, uses variety of learning activities; has a sense of humor (allow funniness and
jokes); does not teach from a sitting or leaning position; good interpersonal
relationships with students; employ an effective delivery methods; keep accurate
records of work completed, attendance, test results, and students' grades
c. Teaching Approach. It is a set of principles, beliefs, or ideas about the nature of
learning which is translated into the classroom.
d. Teaching Method. The systematic way of doing something. It implies an orderly
logical arrangement of steps. It is more procedural.
e. Teaching Technique. Teaching techniques are such steps we follow when we
teach. It is the teacher's style of tricks to accomplish an immediate objective.
f. Teaching Strategy are methods of approaching a problem or task, modes of
operation for achieving a particular end, or planned design for controlling and
manipulating certain information.

II. Body
a. DIFFERENT METHODS OF TEACHING. There are different methods of
teaching. the most prominent ones are the deductive and inductive method. the
biggest difference is the role of the teacher. in a deductive classroom, the teacher
 conducts lessons with introducing and explaining concepts to students and then
expecting students to complete tasks and to practice the concepts. this approach is
very teacher centered. An inductive approach to teaching language starts with
examples and asks learners to find rules.

b. TEACHING METHODS & TECHNIQUES

 Lecture method – Outlining technique; Component technique;

Sequential technique; Relevance technique; Transitional technique
 Discussion method – Small group discussion technique; Socialized
classroom technique; Direct instruction technique; Panel discussion
technique; Recitation technique; Interview technique
 Reporting method – Unit or Morrisonian technique; Individual or
group reporting technique; Reading or story telling technique; Schematic
technique; Symposium technique
 Investigatory method – Laboratory technique; Problem-solving
technique; Research technique; Field study technique; Experimenting
technique
 Activity method – Project technique; Field trip technique;
Dramatization technique; Role-playing technique; Brain storming;
Debate technique
 Demonstration method – Teacher-directed technique; Student-directed
technique; Teacher-student directed technique; Resource speaker
technique
 Self-pacing method – Programmed instruction; Mastery learning;
Modular learning technique
 Integrated method – Lecture-discussion; Lecture-demonstration; Film
showing-discussion
 Traditional method – Textbook learning; Role-learning technique;
Memorization

c. METHODOLOGIES THAT EVERY 21st CENTURY TEACHER SHOULD

KNOW
 Flipped Classroom - One of the modern methodologies that has gained
more popularity in recent years, Flipped Classroom is a pedagogical
approach in which the traditional elements of the lesson taught by the
teacher are reversed – the primary educational materials are studied by
the students at home and, then, worked on in the classroom. The main
objective of this methodology is to optimize time in class by dedicating
 it, for example, to meet the special needs of each individual student,
develop cooperative projects or work on specific tasks.
 Project-based Learning - With the arrival of new information and
communication technologies to schools, both new teaching
methodologies as well as new versions of existing methodologies, now
revised and updated for the digital generation, have emerged. One of the
most used in class at present is Project-Based Learning (PBL). In its
essence, PBL allows students to acquire key knowledge and skills
through the development of projects that respond to real-life problems.
 Cooperative Learning - “Stronger together”. This concept in a simple
way cooperative learning, a methodology that teachers use to group
students together and, thus, impact on learning in a positive way. The
proponents of this model theorize that working in a group improves the
attention, involvement and acquisition of knowledge by students. It
promotes the positive interdependence, group processing, skills (human
and technical), individual responsibility, interaction. The main
characteristic is that it is structured based on the formation of groups of
3-4 people, where each member has a specific role and to reach the
objectives it is necessary to interact and work in a coordinated manner.
In a cooperative learning context, the final goal is always common and
will be achieved if each of the members successfully performs their
tasks. On the other hand, individual learning has students focusing on
achieving their objectives without having to depend on the rest of their
classmates.
 Gamification Concept - The integration of game mechanics and
dynamics in non-ludic environments, or gamification, has been practiced
for a long time. Over the past few years, however, and particularly due
to the evolution of videogames, the phenomenon has gathered
unprecedented dimension, and is one of the most talked about as a
current and future trend of the EdTech industry. This trend was
consolidated with the increasing inclusion of gamification in school
curricula and it is estimated that this inclusion will continue to grow in
the future.
 Problem-based learning - Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is a cyclic
learning process composed of many different stages, starting with asking
questions and acquiring knowledge that, in turn, leads to more questions
in a growing complexity cycle. Putting this methodology into practice
does not only mean the exercise of inquiry by students, but convert it
into useful data and information. According to several educators, the
four great advantages observed with the use of this methodology are:
The development of critical thinking and creative skills; The
improvement of problem solving abilities; Increased student motivation;
Better knowledge sharing in challenging situations.
  Design Thinking - Education has always been a prolific space for
innovation. Teachers all over the world are constantly coming up with
new ideas and methodologies to introduce in the classroom making the
best of the tools at their disposal. Design Thinking (DT) applied stems
from industrial designers and their unique method to solve problems and
satisfy the needs of their clients. Applied to education, this model makes
possible to identify with greater accuracy the individual problems of
each student and generate in their educational experience the creation
and innovation towards the satisfaction of others, which then becomes
symbiotic.
 Thinking-based Learning - Beyond the debate around the effectiveness
of learning by memorizing facts and data when discussing education,
one of the most talked about aspects is the need to show students how to
work with the information they receive at school. Teach them to
contextualize, analyze, relate, argue… In short, convert information into
knowledge. This is the goal of Thinking-Based Learning (TBL),
developing thinking skills beyond memorization and, in doing so,
developing effective thinking on part of the students.
 Competency-based Assessment - By definition, all learning
methodologies have the acquisition of knowledge, the development of
skills and the establishment of work habits as their main goals.
Competency-Based Learning (CBL) represents a set of strategies to
achieve this. Through assessment tools such as rubrics, teachers can go
through the academic curriculum without significant deviations but
focusing it in a different way, putting into practice real examples and,
thus, transmitting to their students a more tangible dimension of the
lessons.

III. Summary
There is no single teaching method that is suitable for all learners. All these teaching
and learning methods are to be used interchangeably. It is advised that a teacher
should use a variety of teaching and learning methods in a single period so as to
provide a great variability of activities in the teaching and learning process.

IV. References
 https://www.realinfluencers.es/en/2019/05/09/8-21st-century-methodologies/
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BCIxikOq73Q
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EDjfzaAKgEA
 https://pt.slideshare.net/Vangidunda/training-workshop-for-teachers-on-participatory-
teaching-methods/17
 http://weareadmirals.weebly.com/project-based-learning.html