Aufbau Principle : Building up

77777
n 4

A 2 2 s 2ps
F i
Aufbau Principle :
(A) For multi electronic system :

e en

this case Energy defends

well as I
on n as

Mt E T

l E T

n t e4 E T

n't l t
 s M d f
Nfl 0 I 2 3
I

2 Is
r
2101
Estate

4 des 4p Hd Ef
r r

fzsyf.jffqq.es
Ek Es fol GE
err Ed 7E
77 Is If e

r
In order
Is 4254210435431044553dL 4,1
Is 761075A 45 7657510 led Ss
 Subshell. Maximum number
of electrons

s-subshell 2e

p-subshell Ge

d-subshell Ioe

f-subshell 14 e
Q.
Write down the electronic
configuration of given element or
atomic number ?

1. 7 N : Is
2
2s2 zf3

2. izAl : 15h 259 206 35 3ft

3. Zn : Is 251 206 35 306 45

to
3d
30

4. Z=55 :15h 252 206 35 306 45 3d

4k 55 4dB 5h6 Gs

5. Z = 23 Ist 2ft 206 35 306 45 3dB

Alternatively, the order of increase of
energy of orbitals can be calculated
from (n+l) rule.

T Et
Ntl
j
3d 4s Energy
Ef n 4 order
n 3
0
Z e
I

F nt

Gb Energy
order
5f 7
6 1
51 3
are
the value of Crete
If
same then nts
310 less
 1 4
31 1 41 0

Energy order

2b 3s 4s 3k
1 3 to 4 0 3ft
21

4
nine

457 3G 7357210
3dm 5kg
Uday tef 3dg 2
31 Stl
41 2 413 3012

Crite 60 I 55J
4 spy 4dry 3dyz 3dz2
(B) For single electron system :
H Het Li't Ben

In this case depends

energy

on n
only

n4

Energy
order
S 35 3 f Id
Is Sks 2b
X

4s 4 be led htt
a
1
 n 3 I
2ndExcitationE
n 2

istE
n it E
 e
7
4th

3rd
if
It f
Lit
Degenerate Orbitals :

The orbitals having same value of n

and l but different value of m, have
same energy in absence of electric and
magnetic field.
These orbitals having same energy of
a particular subshell is known as
Degenerate orbitals.

Degeneracy :

The total number of orbitals having

2

same energy
Q. What is the degeneracy of

1. p-subshell : I 3

2. d-subshell :
ITI s

3. f-subshell :
ITI 7

4. s-subshell : Not
D
defined
Q. What is the degeneracy of the first
excited state (n=2) of hydrogen
atom :
D 4

n i

n I Tfs
Q. What is the degeneracy of the
second excited state (n=3) of
hydrogen atom :

is
one 2
signD ID
ne 7

D 9
Q. What is the degeneracy of the
third excited state (n=4) of
hydrogen atom :

n't D ITI I

iii
isis

D I6
Q. What is the degeneracy of the first
excited state (n=2) of lithium ion
(Li+) :

Ts 2e

El
is

D Itesined
Is
Q. What is the degeneracy of the
second excited state (n=2) of
lithium ion (Li+) :

D
H
Dt
2e

Dss
i D
Yo
1

fig T
is