Hydrodynamics

CE123-1
HYDRAULICS
Hydrodynamics
 Hydrodynamics deals with the study of the
motion of the fluid and of the interactions of the
fluid with its boundaries. This is important in the
Hydrodynamics
analysis and design of such objects as pumps,
turbines, airplanes, rockets and may other
hydraulic devices.
 Basic principles used in hydrodynamics are
Hydrodynamics Newton’s laws of motion, Law of inertia, Law of
force, and Law of stress.
 By Newton’s second law of motion:
image
V2

V1

Fx Fx’
M M
Force against
Fixed Flat
Plates V2

)
 )

This is the force exerted by the plate to the fluid.

From Newton’s third law, the force exerted by the fluid to the plate
is equal but opposite in direction (Fx = -Fx’) and can be expressed as:
Force against
Fixed Flat )
Plates )
If the plate is fixed, the direction of fluid after impact is vertical , v2 = 0,
then the above equations becomes:

velocity
 Fromphysics

NBA VB VA
U Uh Up Veg aftplate

U=0 Same Direction:

Vp

)
Force against V1
U

Moving Flat Relative

where
Plates Velocity

U = V1-VP U=0
Same Direction: Q AU
I Vi Up
VietwutUp
late
 U=0

Vp

Force against Relative

Velocity U=0 Opposite Direction:
Moving Flat U = V1 + VP

Plates
Opposite Direction:
)
 Other cases may include:

a. Force against Fixed Curved Plate

b. Force against Moving Curved Plate
c. Force against Fixed Inclined Plate

Other Cases d. Force against Moving Inclined Plate MOVING INCLINED PLATE

e. Force acting on Reducing Bend

 horizontal
RIGHT

vertical UPWARD

Force against
Fixed Curved
Plate
Force against
Moving Curved
Plate
Same Direction:
Force against
Moving Curved
Plate
Opposite Direction: