Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Greek word demos (the people ) and kratein (to rule)… to rule the
people.
Is one of the most important principles for a better world. In its
truest sense, a democracy is a community in which all members have
an equal say in the running of the community. Unfortunately in
reality, democratic societies have fallen short of this ideal.
Democratic Participation
is the empowerment of people to effectively involve themselves in
creating structures, designing policies and programs that serves the
interest of all. It requires association with other people.
6 Fundamental Elements of Modern
Democracy
1. Rule of Law – ensures that the rights and freedom of citizens are
protected and no one is above the law. All citizens stands as equals
in the eye of the law.
2. Separation of Powers – check and balances. Powers are distributed
among the executive, legislative, and the judiciary.
3. Basic rights and freedom – a. Human Rights b. Civil Rights c.
Political Rights.
Basic rights and freedom:
a. Human Rights – a right that is believed to belong justifiably to
every person.
Ex. Right to life, Rights to be secured in one’s person and right to live
freely.
b. Civil Rights – and (ex. Right to own a property, rights to enjoy
privileges accorded to being a citizen of a country.
c. Political Rights – rights that protect individual’s freedom
infringement by government, social institution, and private individuals.
(ex Right to run foe elective office, right to suffrage)
Other right from the rule of law - Freedom of speech, Freedom of
worship, Freedom of association.
4. Suffrage - civil and political rights. Every citizen within the
recognized legal age, has the right to participate in election by casting a
vote regardless of sex, religion, political affiliation, educational
attainment and socio- economic status. They are entitled to one vote.
5. Freedom of speech – ensures that the citizen are able to voice out
their agreement, disagreement, affirmations, criticism, and proposal to
their government.
Libel – a crime broadly characterized by maliciously publishing an
article or write up that may be detrimental to a person’s character or
may cause dishonour.
Oral Defamation - someone’s telling lies about you.
6. Pluralism – people are entitled to diverse beliefs and opinions, which
may result in the becoming part of different organizations with varying
thrust and advocacies.
Ex. In government - administration vs. opposition
Types of Democracy
1. Direct Democracy / Pure Democracy
Citizens come together to decide on issues or pass laws through a
vote.
Considered as ideal democracy, every single person is able to
participate in the voting process and it ensures that the will of the
people is really followed.
Being practiced in the Cantons of Switzerland.
Philippines, practiced in provisions of the constitution (initiative and
referendum).
Advantage: each citizens has a voice in making important decisions for
the community.
We are equal in the eye of the law ( morally equal), not necessarily
because we are naturally equal in every respect, but because we have
to be placed in a status of equality so that we may be governed fairly
and receive the equal protection of the law (legal equality).
What is good for the people. Ever action should be done is for the
well – being of the people and not for the benefit of a particular
majority.
4. Representation