This document discusses key concepts of democracy including government intervention, democratic participation, and the 6 fundamental elements of modern democracy. It describes types of democracy like direct democracy and representative democracy. There are 4 dimensions of democracy: the people, equality, common good, and representation. The document also discusses political corruption and how undemocratic practices can undermine meeting basic needs, association, and citizen participation.
This document discusses key concepts of democracy including government intervention, democratic participation, and the 6 fundamental elements of modern democracy. It describes types of democracy like direct democracy and representative democracy. There are 4 dimensions of democracy: the people, equality, common good, and representation. The document also discusses political corruption and how undemocratic practices can undermine meeting basic needs, association, and citizen participation.
This document discusses key concepts of democracy including government intervention, democratic participation, and the 6 fundamental elements of modern democracy. It describes types of democracy like direct democracy and representative democracy. There are 4 dimensions of democracy: the people, equality, common good, and representation. The document also discusses political corruption and how undemocratic practices can undermine meeting basic needs, association, and citizen participation.
Senior High School Grade 11 Unit 5 DEMOCRATIC INTERVENTIONS Government intervention • refers to the ways in which a government regulates or interferes with the various activities or decisions made by individuals or organizations within its jurisdiction. The effects of this can be positive or negative. Democracy -Greek word demos (the people) and kratein (to rule)…to rule the people -is one of the most important principles for a better world. In its truest sense, a democracy is a community in which all members have an equal say in the running of that community. Unfortunately in reality, democratic societies have fallen short of this ideal. Democratic Participation - is the empowerment of people to effectively involve themselves in creating structures, designing policies and programs that serves that interest of all. It requires association with other people. 6 fundamental Elements of Modern Democracy 1. Rule of Law - ensures that the rights and freedom of citizens are protected and no one is above the law. All citizens stand as equals in the eye of the law. 2. Separation of Powers – check and balances. Powers are distributed among the executive, legislative and the judiciary 3. Basic rights and freedom – a. Human Rights b. Civil Rights c. Political Rights Basic rights and freedom: a. Human Rights – a right that is believed to belong justifiably to every person Ex. Right to life, rights to be secured in one’s person and right to live freely. b. Civil Rights and (ex. Right to own a property, rights to enjoy privileges accorded to being a citizen of a country) c. Political Rights – rights that protect individual’s freedom from infringement by government, social institution, and private individual. (ex. Right to run for elective office, right to suffrage) Other right from rule of law…. Freedom of speech, Freedom of worship, freedom of association 4. Suffrage – civil and political right. Every citizen, within the recognized legal age, has the right to participate in elections by casting a vote regardless of sex, religion, political affiliation, educational attainment and socio-economic status. They are entitled to one vote.
5. Freedom of speech – ensures that the citizen are
able to voice out their agreement, disagreement, affirmations, criticism, and proposal to their government. Libel – a crime broadly characterized by maliciously publishing an article or write up that may be detrimental to a person’s character or may cause dishonor. Oral Defamation – someone telling lies about you 6. Pluralism – people are entitled to diverse beliefs and opinions, which may result in the becoming part of different organizations with varying thrust and advocacies. ex. In government – administration vs. opposition Types of Democracy 1. Direct Democracy / Pure Democracy - Citizens come together to decide on issues or pass laws through a vote. - considered as ideal democracy, every single person is able to participate in the voting process and it ensures that the will of the people is really followed. - Being practiced in the Cantons of Switzerland - Philippines, practiced in provisions of the constitution (initiative and referendum) Advantage: each citizens has a voice in making important decisions for the community
Disadvantage: difficulty to implement with
huge populations because of amount of time needed to gather each citizens vote and opinion on issues. 2. Indirect Democracy / Representative Democracy - People elect leaders to act as their representatives in the government. - Citizens vote the members of the executive and legislatives. Advantage: relatively easier to decide on issues, pass laws, and carry out their implementations.
Disadvantage: very difficult to consider the will
of every citizens. They resort to intelligent guesses to decide what they think their constituent need. 4 Dimensions of Democracy: 1. The People 2. Equality 3. Common Good 4. Representation 1. The People - A collective group of individuals with varying political and religious beliefs who freely decided to live together in a particular geographical area and mutually consented to form a democratic nation. - Citizens of the nation wherein these citizen are regarded as equals. 2. Equality -we are equal in the eyes of the law (morally equal), not necessarily because we are naturally equal in every respect, but because we have to be placed in a status of equality so that we may be governed fairly and receive the equal protection of the law (legal equality). -people in democracy has an equal right to rule and an equal right to vote. 3. Common Good – what is good for the people. Every action should be done is for the well-being of the people and not for their personal well-being nor for the benefit of a particular majority. 4. Representation - The use of Representatives – the ones who are authorized to take appropriate and necessary actions within the government that would be beneficial for the common good of the people. POLITICAL CORRUPTION There is an increase disenchantment of the state of society in our globalized world. In a study about democratic participation in different countries in the globe, 44 out of 47 countries that took part in the study asserted that the conditions of a good society were not met (Barry Knight: 2002) Undemocratic practices breed social ills that haunt societies in the planet. Dissatisfaction of citizens with their governments includes: a) failure to meet their basic needs that create profound insecurities, b) failure to protect them from the sweeping winds of economic change where they lose their customs and traditions, and c) failure to involve its citizens in its policies and programs. Basic Needs Failure to meet basic needs is a common complaint among many societies in the world today. There was a growing gulf between rich and poor droving the former to extra-legal activities such as theft and prostitution. Association Undemocratic practices undermine the traditional bonds of family and kinship threatened by the pressures of work, urbanization and migration. The distancing of government concerns from the lives of ordinary people weakened customary forms of accountability and led to a highly corrupt, self-seeking, inefficient, and partisan state. Participation Citizens play their part by (1) engaging in collective action to perform voluntary work with others in order to tackle problems and (2) participating in political processes to play an active role in relation to the state in order to ensure that the state opened itself up to the influence of citizens.