SBI3U The Respiratory System

Use “The Respiratory System” powerpoint and internet resources to complete

Function:
■ Move air in an out of lungs (ventilation)
■ Delivers oxygen (O2)
■ Removes carbon dioxide (CO2)
External respiration - occurs in the lungs
Internal respiration – occurs in the blood (hemoglobin)

Complete the table below and outline how each structure relates to its function for each of the listed
components of the respiratory system.

Respiratory
System Structure Function
Component
- Nasal Septum
-Nares/Nostrils The role of the nasal cavity is to warm and
Nasal cavity
-Mucous membrane filter air, when it passes through the nostrils.
- Cilia
- Equalizes pressure
Sinuses - Air filled spaces within the skull bones - filters and humidifies air
- Gives an individual's voice its tone

- prevents food and water from travelling

Epiglottis - "flap of cartilage"
down the trachea

Composed of three cartilages:

Referred to as the "voice box"
-thyroid cartilage
Larynx -Moves air in and out of the trachea and
-epiglottis cartilage
produces voice
-cricoid cartilage

- Tubular organ made of rings of cartilage and Referred to as the "windpipe"

Trachea
smooth muscle Allows air to travel to your lungs

- Made of cartilage, smooth muscle, and

Bronchi First branches off the Bronchial tree
mucous membranes

Bronchioles - Smooth muscle layers Secondary branches off the Bronchial tree
 The Alveoli the lungs and the blood exchange
Alveoli - Thin, flat cells surrounded by capillaries oxygen and carbon dioxide during the process
of breathing
Mechanisms of Breathing:
Breathing consists of both inspiration and inhalation. Complete the table.
Inspiration Expiration

- Air rich on 02 enters the lungs from the - Air rich in C02 exits the lungs
atmosphere

- The diaphragm contracts and flattens - The diaphragm relaxes of raises

- The intercostal muscles raise the ribs - The intercostal muscles lower the ribs

Complete the Respiratory Volume Table

Tidal Volume Amount of air that moves in or out of the lungs during a
normal breath

Inspiratory Reserve Amount of air that can be forcefully inhaled following a normal
Volume inhalation

Expiratory Reserve Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled following a

Volume normal exhalation

Residual Volume Volume of air that always remains in the lungs even after a
forceful exhalation

Vital Capacity Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after the deepest
inhalation possible

Total Lung Capacity The total amount of air the lungs can hold
Label the following diagram of the respiratory system below with the following parts.

1.Nasal Cavity 2. Nose 3. Mouth 4.Oral cavity 5.Epiglottis 6.Pharynx 7. Larynx 8. trachea
9.Right bronchus 10. Right lung 11. Diaphragm 12. Alveoli 13. Left bronchus 14. Bronchiole 15.
Left lung