Cristina M.

Olegario

BSMID 2-1

ACTIVITY 1

1. Make a reflection making use of 100 words, what is Community Health

Process and its purpose.

 The community health process is an ongoing, systematic, and dynamic interp
ersonal process in which the patient and the healthcare professional are consi
dered as interconnected systems that influence and are affected by factors
within the behavior. It is significant because it acts as tool to help people
solve their health problems and meet their health care needs.

2. What are the components of Community Health Process. Describe each

one

 Assessment phase.

o During the assessment phase, the health care provider will look at any
subjective and objective data collected in the patient’s history.

 Diagnosis phase

o During the diagnosis phase, you’ll take those assessment findings and
formulate a few midwifery/ nursing diagnoses that will guide your care
for the shift.

 Planning phase

o The planning phase is also referred to as the outcomes phase and it is

the stage that helps the health care provider start formulating a plan of
action

 Implementing phase

o These are the action items you will take to see that these goals are
met. During the implementation phase, you’ll create a few interventions
to help achieve the patient’s goals.

 Evaluation phase

o The final phase of the community health process is the evaluation

phase. It takes place following the interventions to see if the goals
have been met. During the evaluation phase, the health care provider
will determine how to measure the success of the goals and
interventions.

3. Describe the Components of Community Diagnosis

A. DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES

A comprehensive community diagnosis should show the size, composition,

and geographical distribution of the population, as indicated by the following:

1. Total population and geographical distribution, including urban-rural index

and population density

2. Age and sex composition

 3. Selected vital indicators such as growth rate, crude birth rate, crude death
rate, and life expectancy at birth

4. Patterns of migration

5. Population projections

6. Population groups with special needs — indigenous people, internal

refugees, and other socially dislocated copy.

B. SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL VARIABLES

1. Social indicators

a.Communication network (whether formal or informal channels)

necessary for disseminating health information or facilitating referral of clients to
the health care syste

b.Transportation system, including road networks, necessary for the

accessibility of health care

c. Educational level that may be indicative of poverty and may reflect on

the health perception and health utilization pattern of the community

d.Housing conditions that may suggest health hazards (congestion and

exposure to harmful elements) and safety hazards (fire)

2. Economic indicators

a.Poverty level/income

b.Unemployment and underemployment

c. Proportion of the total economically active population that are salaried

and wage earners rates

d.Types of industry present in the community

e.Occupation common in the community

f. Land ownership

g.Recreational facilities

3. Environmental indicators

a.Physical/ Geographical/Topographical characteristics of the community

• land areas that contribute to vector problem

• terrain characteristics that contribute to accidents or pose as geohazard

zones

• land usage in industry

• climate/season

b.Water supply

• percentage of population with access to safe, adequate water supply

• source/s of water supply for drinking and other activities

 c. Waste disposal

• percent of population reached by the daily garbage collection system

• percent of population with safe excreta disposal system

• types of waste disposal and garbage disposal d.Air, water, and land
pollution system

• industries within the community that are hazardous to health

• air and water pollution index

4. Cultural factors

a.Variables that may 'break up' the people into groups within the community

• ethnicity

• social class

• language

• religion

• race

• political orientation

b.Cultural beliefs and practices that affect health

c. Concepts about health and illness

d.Other factors that may directly or indirectly affect the health status of the community

C. HEALTH AND ILLNESS PATTERNS

If the health care provider has access to recent and reliable secondary data, then those
could be. used; otherwise, nurse will have to gather the following:

1. Leading causes of morbidity

2. Leading causes of mortality

3. Leading causes of infant mortality

4. Leading causes of maternal mortality

5. Leading causes of hospital admission

D. HEALTH RESOURCES

Refers to manpower, institutional and material resources provided not only by the state,
but also those that are contributed by the private sector and other non-government
organizations.

1. Manpower resources

• categories of health manpower available

 • geographical distribution of health manpower

• manpower-population ratio

• distribution of health manpower according to health facilities (hospitals, rural health

units, etc.)

• distribution of health manpower according to type of organization (government, non-

government, private)

• quality of health manpower

• existing manpower development/policies

2. Material resources

• health budget and expenditure

• sources of health funding categories of health institutions available in the community

• hospital-bed population ratio

• categories of health services available

E. POLITICAL/LEADERSHIP PATTERNS

Reflect the action potential of the state and its people to address the health needs and
problems of the community. It mirrors the sensitivity of the government to the people's
struggle for a better life.

a. Power structures in the community (formal or informal) — include

leadership patterns, community organizations, and government structure, among
others

b. Attitudes of the people toward authority

c. Conditions/Events/Issues that cause social conflict/upheavals or that

lead to social bonding or unification

d. Practices/Approaches that are effective in settling issues and concerns

within the community