Division Eumycota

Sub division Basediomycotina

- Teliomycetes
Class
Order Uredinales
- Pucciniaceae
Family
Puccinla causes 'Redrust' disease in wheat, Dr k c.

Habitat: Puccinia is an obligate parasite. the life cycle of wheat rust. Puccinia is parasitic
work on
carried out extensive research

plants
Primary host Wheat plant
Secondary host Berberis plant

Puccinia graminis tritici causes 'black rust' disease in wheat.

'Yellow rust' or'stripe rust'.

P.graminis striiformis
P.graminis recondite "Orange' or 'brown rust' in wheat
In puccinia life cycle or reproduction, there are five important stages
i) Zero stage spermagonial stage / receptive hypae stage
ii) Stage I - Aecial stage
ii) Stage II - Uredial stage

iv) Stage III - Telial stage

v) Stage IV Basedium stage

Aecial stage and spermagonial stages are seen on Berberis plant uredospore stage, Telial stag
are found on wheat plant. Basedium stage occurs in soil.
Basediomycotina members exihibits 3 types of life - cycles.

1. Macrocyclic Life -cycle: Life cycle with five stages is called 'macrocyclic, Usualy DUccinie
shows macrocyclic
life
cycle.
Semi-macrocyclic life cycle: Out of the five stages othe life cycle it uredial stage is
absent, such life - cycle is called 'semi' or "Hemi macrocyclic life - cycle
3 Microcyclic life - cycle:Uredial and Telial stages are absel this
type, that means only three
stages occur in this life cycle.

PucciniaMacrocyclicLife -Cycle:
11 Stage-o (on Spermagonial stage the
(or)receptive hyphae.stage:
Basediospores infects leaf through
Berbery upper
germinates to develop the new mycelium, well developed mycelium belermis stomata and
flask shaped ructures. These are called 'spermagonium', earlier these wer the
Spermagonium apical region has a opening called ostiole. Around the alled ata fornmi
ostiole phycnidium
PESEnt, n which some of the acts as receptive hyphae.
These are equivalent to oogonium. paraphyses are

From the spermagonium basal region

lateral region
and spheri-
hyphae are formed, these are called 'spermatophores, These are unicellula row
From each spermatic
rows of
tiophore apex chains of 'spermatia' are producea, which ard uninPointed
and uninucleate. This non- motile spermatia are released througn the ostiole alSo UCleate.
ike sweet substance secreted by 'spermagonium. Insects will de attracted 9 WiCellular
secretion and helps in the dispersal of spermatia. Spermatia wnen redces recept thi honey
another spermagoniun cell wall dissolves and the nucleus of spermatia enters e hSud
hyphae and forms the
ugar
'dikaryon' condition results.

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 (
EMeta P,Phragmo Basidiospore
Sterigmata
Basidium Basidium

Bicellular spore Basidial stage in soil

Borberis Leaf

Stalk -Pustules Aecia

Teleuto spore
Teleuto spore

Stalk

Spermatia Receptive hyphae

Mycelium -Paraphyses
.t -Upperepidermis
Telial stage
-Pycnidium
-Spermatiophore

Leaf

Pycridial stage
Spore
Germ pore
Rust
pustule
-Stalk

Wheat plant with

Ted Rust disease Stalk
redosorus Aecidium

-Uredospore Aecial wall

Stalk 0900GO H DIsjunctor
-Aecium
b666 leaf T.S
-Infected leaf T.S
Mycelium Lower epidermis eeeg
-nfected

Aecial stage of Barbery leaf

Uredial stage
Wheat plant

TIY SEM-I& 4 9
 or binucleate stage in the receptive nyYphae underg
stage-I (or)
2. divisions Aecial stage: Dikaryon
and develops into dikaryon mycelium. These binucleate hyphae spreads to the lo
surface ofthe barbery leaf. This dikaryon myceliun deveiops a 'inverted bel' shaped structurt
called 'Aecidium' ar 'Aecidial cup' with a pseudoparenchymatous peridium encircling the cu
Binucleate aeciospores are produced in basipetalous sequence. In the chains of aeciospor
alternately disjunctors are present, which helps in dispersal of the spores. As the sporesa
developing in series they exert pressure on the epidermis and it ruptures, to expose the
spores. Each aeciospore is binucleate, hexagonal and orange in color. So, at this stage
colored spots are seen on the lower epidermis of the host leaf as bunches.
oran
That is why th
stage is also called 'bunch bowl stage'. Aeciospores can not infect
Barbery plant, they ca-
infect the primary host wheat
plant only.
ii Stage- II (or) Uredial stage: Aeciospores when fallen on a healthy wheat plant leaves
through stomata they enter inside the host, germinates and
intercellular spaces of the host tissue.
develops the mycelium in the
Mycelium absorbs nutrients from the host cells be
penetrating with haustoria and spreads out in the entire
the
leaf, petiole and sterm also. Some
hyphae of the mycelium grow vertically, unbranched, hyaline (color less) to form
'sporangiophores' On these
sporangiophores develops oval shaped uredospores, which ara
thick walled (spiny surface), unicellular and binucleate. Each
uredospores are produced in large numbers as 'uredosorus' uredospore has 4 germpores
These uredospore stage causes which is red or burnt brick colored-
'red rust disease'. Due to the
plant leaf, petiole and stem shows red colored formation of these spores whe
patches or blisters.
iy, Stage- II1 (or) Ielial stage: Uredospores when talien on
and develops dikaryon, secondary mycelium in the à healthy wheat plant leaf
development is the same as uredospore host qerminat:
teleutospores are produced. Teleutospores are
formation but intercellular Successve
spaces. Successive
walled and 'bicelled', each
instead
'spindle sha. of
uredospor
pore formation
cell is binucleate.
exert pressure on the This spore nàped', black in
host epidermis and nas .2
hac color, very thid
formation stage being the rupture it to
ev germpores
spores
petiole and stem of the host.
are black in color
it Dse the Teleutospores
als
This stage is cae
causes spores. At
resting period in autumn called
(autunn Resting9 spores) 'blac X rust lack streaks' on
teleutospore
.
Stage-IV (or) Basidial stage: ) and
and aor. stage'. infected lea
Teleutospore outer wall absortbs Teleutospores
moisture from germinates
germinates in Teleutospores underg
inin spring
spring season.
from atrmne. in the season.
(or)
Inner wall
develops
'epibasidium'. Teleutospore
as a
narro
cell is call
atm0sphere
tube. this r and beginning of
becommes soft. spring Season
in the alled 'hypobasidiurn
basidiurm'. Two nuclei s
seaso
diplo nucleus now enters
ploid present narrow tube is
nuclei. After the
meiosis,
the
teleutospore diurn' called
epibasidium and cell fuses and the both are'prinary
n

myeliur
this form is
called separating the nuclei undergo and forms a together i,
and the nucleus 'phragmobasidium'.
of the cell seota: meiotic
Each cell of
phar ns division diploid
to
forn fou
calle.d
nucleus,
this way on 4 divides and
sterigmata 4 mitotically, one oft makes 4 cells in tour haplid
T.
Thi
strain. These spores are of th
the basidium develops a a roy
cycle again. basidospores are produced. St nucleus
released in the Spores, two enters thee ste' iow
CHARAN PUBLICATIONS, NALGONDA
soil, attach
the
the
are ' '

barbery strain and

plant to
eratata
sterigar.
tw
start
, In

ANDHRA PRADESH,
BOIANY SEM