• The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is located in

Southeast As bordering the Gulf of Thailand, Gulf

of Tokin, and the South china Sea alongside china
Laos, and Cambodia.

• It has an area of ​329,560 square kilometers.

• The capital of this communist state is Hanoi.

• The legal system is based on communist legal
theory and French civil law.

• The government consists of executive,

legislative, and judicial branches.

• The executive is headed by the president, who is

elected by the National Assembly from among
its members for a 5-year term.
• The legislative branch consists of a Unicameral
National Assembly, with 498 seats. The members
are elected by a popular vote to serve 5-year
terms.
• The judicial branch is headed by the Supreme
People's Court, whose Chief justice is elected for a
5-year term by the National Assembly on the
recommendation of the president.
• Vietnamese legal thought with regard to the
treatment of criminals is the result of three major
influences: Classic Confucianism, the Napoleonic
Code and Marxism-Leninism.
• Confucian concepts postulate that society is to
be governed not by law but by moral men and
that crime is a symptom of an absence of virtue
that engenders conflict and disharmony.
• Most importantly it provides no principle of
judicial administration.
• In Imperial China, justice was an interpretation
of the moment by the emperor and his
mandarins, meaning that in every instance
imperial will was superior to the law.
• The spirit of the law the French brought to
Vietnam was that guilt should be determined
by fair and impartial means and should be
assigned appropriate punishment

• Marxism-Leninism added to this attitude the

perspective that crime is a reflection of
environmental factors that victimize the
individual by turning him into criminal.
• The combination of the three legacies has
produced Vietnamese society a legal philosophy
that is inquisitorial rather than adversarial, seeking
reform rather than punishment.
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