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I – The gerund
A gerund is a noun made from a verb by adding "-ing." The gerund form of the verb "read" is
"reading." You can use a gerund as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence.
- You can use a gerund as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence.
E.g. Reading helps you learn English. SUBJECT OF SENTENCE
Her favorite hobby is reading. COMPLEMENT OF SENTENCE
I enjoy reading. OBJECT OF SENTENCE
Gerunds can be made negative by adding "not."
E.g He enjoys not working./ The best thing for your health is not smoking
1- These verbs are usually followed by a gerund:
Stop fancy admit consider miss practice avoid risk
Finish mind imagine deny involve Delay suggest regret
E.g. . -Stop talking! - I don't fancy/ I can't imagine George driving a car.
E.g. I like cooking (enjoy) / I can't bear being alone. Or I can't bear to be alone.
It started raining. Or It started to rain.
I remember to lock the door. (I remember to lock it then I lock it).
I remember locking the door. (I locked it and now I remember this).
Please try to be quiet. The baby is sleeping. (Make an effort)
I tried taking an aspirin to stop my headache. (I took it to see if it can stop it).
I need to take more exercise (It is necessary)
This jacket is dirty. It needs cleaning. (Passive Voice).
E.g. –We talked about going to America. / - He apologized for being late.
- She warned me against smoking. / - they thanked him for his services.
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Interested in / good at / fed up with / bored with / surprised by /fond of / keen on excited about / enthusiastic about …etc
E.g - James is good at playing the piano./ -Leila is fond of collecting antique objects.
- Tom left without finishing his work.
Infinitives are the "to" form of the verb. The infinitive form of "learn" is "to learn." You can also use
an infinitive as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence.
Agree offer decide appear forget refuse manage arrange pretend seem
Learn promise plan attempt dare threaten fail hope afford tend
E.g - The bank agreed to lend him money. / We decided not to go out because of the
weather. / -I wouldn't dare ask him or -I wouldn't dare to ask him.
2- After these verbs, we can use a question word ( where- who- how …etc )
E.g -We asked how to get to the station. / -Can you show me where to find the bank?
E.g. – I asked Tom to help./ -We expected him to be late. / -he would like me to come.
E.g. –He doesn't allow smoking Or He doesn't allow anyone to smoke in the house.
- I wouldn't recommend staying at that hotel. Or -I wouldn't recommend you
to stay at that hotel.
iSLCollective.com