Parasitology

Revision 2

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 Eggs

Trichuris trichiura Egg of Taenia Ascaris lumbricoides

egg species egg

Enterobius vermicularis Dipylidium caninum

egg Ancylostoma
Parasitology duodenale
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egg egg packet 2
 Sheep liver Containing hydatid cyst
Echinococcus granulosus
adult worm

Protoscolex from hydatid cyst of Echinococcus granulosus

Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cyst 3
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 Muscle Sections

Taenia solium Cysticercus

in section of muscle

Trichinella spiralis encysted larva in muscle

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 Adult Worms

Enterobius vermicularis female Enterobius vermicularis male

Enterobius vermicularis male & female

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 Adult Worms

Trichuris trichiura
Trichuris trichiura male Trichinella spiralis female
female

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Mature and gravid segments

Taenia saginata Taenia saginata

mature segment gravid segment

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Mature and gravid segments

Dipylidium caninum
gravid segment Dipylidium caninum
mature segment

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 Taenia saginata Vs Taenia solium

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 Hymenolepis spp

5 mm
0.1 mm
Hymenolepis nana mature segment Hymenolepis diminuta mature segment

0.1 mm 5 mm

Hymenolepis nana gravid segment

ParasitologyHymenolepis
PM603 diminuta gravid segment
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 Adult Worms

Dipylidium caninum
scolex
Anterior end of Ascaris lumbricoides

Ascaris lumbricoides
Posterior end of Ascaris
lumbricoides male
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 Adult Worms

Anterior end of Posterior end of

Ancylostoma duodenale Posterior end of Ancylostoma Ancylostoma
duodenale male duodenale female

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Adult female Adult male
 Microfilaria of Wuchereria bancrofti

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 Arthropods

Flea Flea
Bed bug

Mite (Sarcoptes scabei)

Louse
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 Arthropods

Hard tick Soft tick

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 Arthropods

Female cyclops Male cyclops

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 Arthropods

Mouth parts of Mouth parts of

female Anopheles male Anopheles
mosquito mosquito

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 Cestodes
Name of the parasite Taenia saginata
Sex
Location of adult small intestine of man
Intermediate host cattle (beef)
Infective stage Cysticercus bovis
Mode of transmission eating insufficiently cooked
meat containing Cysticercus
bovis
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Taenia solium
hermaphrodites
Taeniasis: small intestine of
man.
Cysticercosis: Cysticercus
(larval stage) in muscle,
brain or eyes of man
Taeniasis: Pigs
Cysticercosis: Man
Taeniasis: Cysticercus
cellulosae
Cysticercosis: Eggs
Eating undercooked pork
containing Cysticercus
cellulosae.
Cysticercosis: Autoinfection
with eggs /ingestion of food
contaminated with eggs
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Name of the parasite Taenia saginata Taenia solium

Diagnosis eggs & gravid segments in

(Diagnostic stage) stool Taeniasis: Eggs & gravid
segments in stool
Cysticercosis: X-ray /
MRI/ CT scan /Biobsy
Disease Taeniasis
Taeniasis, Cysticercosis

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Name of the Hymenolepis Hymenolepis nana
parasite diminuta
Sex hermaphrodites

Location of small intestine of rats small intestine of rats

adult occasionally man occasionally man

Intermediate Arthropod e.g. rat flea Arthropods e.g. rat flea

host None (autoinfection)

Infective stage Cysticercoid Cysticercoid

Eggs (autoinfection)
Mode of ingestion of arthropod • ingestion of arthropod
containing cysticercoid containing cysticercoid
transmission
• eating food contaminated
with eggs or autoinfection
Diagnosis eggs and gravid segments eggs and gravid segments in
(Diagnostic in stool stool
stage)
Disease hymenolepiasis
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Name of the parasite Echinococcus
granulosus
Sex hermaphrodites
Location of adult small intestine of dogs
Intermediate host cattle, sheep (man is an end
stage intermediate host
Infective stage (for human): eggs in feces
Mode of transmission man is infected by ingestion
of eggs in dog feces
Diagnosis Detection of hydatid cyst by
(Diagnostic stage) imaging techniques e.g CT
scan ,MRI, Ultrasonography,
chest X-ray
Disease hydatid disease
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Dipylidium caninum
small intestine of dogs,
occasionally man
dog flea
cysticercoid
ingestion of dog flea
containing cysticercoid
egg packet in stool
Dipylidium caninum
infection
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 Nematodes
Name of the Trichuris Ascaris Enterobius Ancylostoma
parasite trichiura lumbricoides vermicularis duodenale
Location of large Small intestine of large intestine of small intestine
adult intestine of man man of man
man
Infective embryonated egg filariform larvae
stage
Mode of ingestion of ingestion of food ingestion of food penetration of
transmission food (green contaminated with filariform larvae
contaminated vegetables) embryonated egg or in skin through
with contaminated autoinfection via bare feet
embryonated with nails scratching the
eggs embryonated egg perianal region
Diagnosis eggs in stool eggs in anal or eggs in stool
(Diagnostic perianal swab
stage) collected using
transparent adhesive
tape. Rarely in stool.
Disease Trichuriasis Ascariasis Enterobiasis Hook worm
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Name of the Trichinella spiralis Wuchereria bancrofti
parasite
Location of adult small intestine of man lymphatics and
lymph nodes
Location of larvae encysted in striated muscles -----------------------------
-----
Infective stage encysted larvae in striated Infective filariform
muscles larvae in the mouth
parts of mosquito
Vector ----------------------- mosquito (Anopheles
(intermediate host) or Culex sp).

Mode of ingestion of undercooked pork bite of mosquito

transmission containing encysted larvae having infective
filariform larvae
Diagnosis Muscle biopsy to identify larvae in Microfilaria in blood
(Diagnostic stage) striated muscles & antibody detection film

Disease Trichinosis lymphatic filariasis

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(elephantiasis)
 Arthropods
Identification Flea Louse Bed bug Mouth
parts of
female
Anopheles
mosquito
Medical 1- Vector for Pediculosis (heavy Insomnia, Transmit
plague infestation with irritation malaria &
importance lice)
elephantiasis
2- Intermediate
host for
H.diminuta, D.
caninum

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 Arthropods

Identification Hard tick Soft tick Mite Cyclops

(Sarcoptes
scabei)
Medical 1- Mechanically: bite, cause Intermediate
importance bleeding scabies host for:
2- Systemically: tick Diphylobothrium
paralysis latum,
Diphylobothrium
mansoni &
Dracunculus
medinensis

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GOOD LUCK

Parasitology PM603