Republic of the Philippines

MAILA ROSARIO COLLEGE

Diversion Road, San Gabriel Village, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan North
Contact No. (078) 377 – 249

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

1ST QUARTER, S.Y. 2022– 2023

Module in
COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT, SOLIDARITY, AND
CITIZENSHIP

MODULE NO.: 2

NAME OF STUDENT: ___________________________________________________

YEAR / SECTION: ______________________________________________________
DATE RECEIVED: ______________________________________________________

INSTRUCTOR: JINKY C. PASCO

This document is property of Maila Rosario College, Any form of reproduction or

transmission, may it be in whole or in part, is strictly prohibited without written
permission.
 Republic of the Philippines
MAILA ROSARIO COLLEGE
San Gabriel Village, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan North
Diversion Road, San Gabriel Village, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan North
Contact No. (078) 377 – 249

I. OVERVIEW
The content of this module is to be acquainted with the different perspectives on
the community in order to appreciate why certain things are seen and done
differently when it comes to community interventions. What people say and do
depends mainly on their perspectives, and several of these perspectives are
discussed in this section.

In this connection, this module presents the definition of community in different

various perspectives. Also, this module contains learning activities which will be
accomplished by the students as the teacher’s way of assessing the student’s
knowledge acquisition about the presented topics.

II. LEARNING OBJECTIVES

In the end of the lesson the learner should be able to:
1. Define using various perspective e.g. social sciences, institutions, civil
society, and local/grassroots level
2. Explain the definition of community in different perspective.
3. Appreciate different perspectives on community.

III. GUIDE QUESTIONS / ACTIVITIES

Directions: Below are pictures that are related to different disciplines in social
sciences that are signifcant in the study of community . Choose three from the
pictures and associate it to the field that you think it is related, then answer the
follow-up questions below.

Let’s ponder on and write:

Where you able to choose 3 pictures and relate them to a filed in social science?
What do you think is the role of such a field in studying community?
1. ____________ - _________________________
_________________________________________

2. ____________ - _________________________
_________________________________________

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 Republic of the Philippines
MAILA ROSARIO COLLEGE
San Gabriel Village, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan North
Diversion Road, San Gabriel Village, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan North
Contact No. (078) 377 – 249

3. ____________ - _________________________
_________________________________________

IV. LESSON PROPER

Definition of Community Across Different Perspectives

The Social Science Perspective

Social Science is an umbrella term for various field of study which examines
social relations and human society. It views the community as composed of
people interacting with one another sensitive to each other emotions and
subjectivepoint of view. Basically, it describes community as a group of people in
a particular are interacting together.

The following are disciplines in social sciences that related to the idea of
community.

Anthropology – This field examines the various aspects of humans, such as

their biology, behaviour, culture and social interactions. It may also study how
people adapt their ways of living to different environments e.g., determining to
help a community solve health related concerns.
Economics – This field students the production, allocation and consumption of
goods and services. In any community, one finds various forms of wealth
distribution. The ultimate goal of economics is to improve the lives of people,
such that their needs are satisfied.
Political Science – The field encompasses the various ways and means
allocating power, influence, and decision-making. This includes types of
governments and management systems, and how people in small bands or
informal groups make decisions when they do not have recognized leaders. All
communities have some forms of political system.
Psychology – This discipline studies the human mind, brain, and social
behaviour. This extends to interaction between people and interpersonal
relationships. It comprises a variety of different subfields including abnormal
psychology, developmental psychology, cognitive psychology and social
psychology. Psychology in general is most often associated with the study,
diagnosis and treatment of mental illness.
Sociology – This field is the study of society, social order, social interactions,
and culture. It introduces the concepts of social capital and communitarians.
Social capital is defined as the networks of relationship among people who live
and work in a particular society for the effective functioning of the community.
The concept of communitarianism explains the connection between the
individual and the community. Every person has a special role in one’s society,
and its part of human nature to relate with other people in various conditions or
situations.

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 Republic of the Philippines
MAILA ROSARIO COLLEGE
San Gabriel Village, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan North
Diversion Road, San Gabriel Village, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan North
Contact No. (078) 377 – 249

CIVIL SOCIETY PERSPECTIVE

Stresses the idea of forming a group, foundation or an organization in service to

society. This perspective views society as a community of citizens linked by
common interest and collective activity. Examples include peoples’ organization,
civic organization, and social movements.
This is considered the affective model of community since a sense of belonging
is achieved due to the collaboration of shared interests and identities in serving
the humanity. Groups of people come together regardless of location, and
organize plans to render support and assistance to society.
Some examples of civic organizations in the Philippines are ABS CBN
Foundation, Ayala Red Cross Foundation, Boy and Girl Scouts of the Philippines
and Caritas Manila. The human right movement, in the other hand, is an example
of social movement.

LOCAL AND GRASSROOTS PERSPECTIVES

This perspective highlights volunteerism. Members of communities may involve

themselves in various programs or activities. The community uses self-
organization and encourages the local citizens to contribute to the community by
taking responsibilities and actors.

Leaders and other members identify the sources of concerns in a local setting
and determine ways to address these problems. Volunteers are mobilized in
cooperation with government decision-makers who will be accountable for their
actions. The community also formulates programs for others, and employs
actions according to the needs of the community.

A concrete example of this is when doctors and dentists in different communities

come together to organize medical and dental missions especially for families
affected by calamities. The youth who are full of spirit and energy are often
excited to engage themselves in outdoor activities. Immersing themselves in
farming and fishing and taking part in the planting of trees and crops will serve a
meaningful experience for them.

INSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

The institutional perspective views the community in three different dimensions.

First Dimension – It is an existing establishment or physical space where

members of the community go for a certain purpose.
Second Dimension – It is the institutional community as a social model. This is
defined by networks and institutions where community group are formed in
certain areas such as schools, churches or companies.
Third Dimension – Community is composed of the ways people act, interact with
each other, react, and expect each other to act and interact.

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 Republic of the Philippines
MAILA ROSARIO COLLEGE
San Gabriel Village, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan North
Diversion Road, San Gabriel Village, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan North
Contact No. (078) 377 – 249

V. EVALUATION
Activity 1

Fill up the table below. Write the discipline in social sciences, its definition and its
role in the study of community.

Discipline Definition Role in the Community

ACTIVITY 2

1. What is institutional perspective?

2. Is it an important perspective in studying the community? Why? Why not?
3. How do you think each dimension relates to each other?
4. In the second dimension, it is considered as the social model. What do you
understand in this dimension?
5. Cite an existing present situation wherein the social model is evident. Explain.

Features 4 3 2 1
Expert Accomplished Capable Beginner
Quality of >Piece was > Piece was > Piece had > Piece had no
Writing written in an written in an little style or style or voice
extraordinary interesting style voice
style and voice and voice
>Very > Somewhat > Gives some > Gives no new
informative and informative and new information and
well organized organized information but very poorly
poorly organized
organized
Grammar, >Virtually no >Few spelling >A number >So many
Usage & spelling, and of spelling spelling,
Mechanics punctuation punctuations and punctuation
or errors, minor punctuation and
grammatical grammatical or grammatical
errors errors grammatical errors that it
errors interferes
with the
meaning

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 Republic of the Philippines
MAILA ROSARIO COLLEGE
San Gabriel Village, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan North
Diversion Road, San Gabriel Village, Tuguegarao City, Cagayan North
Contact No. (078) 377 – 249

VI. REFERENCES
Navarro, Ma.M,.& Esperida J., (2020)“Community, Engagement Solidarity and
Citizenship”

COMPILED BY:
JINKY C. PASCO
Social Science Instructor

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