CEMENTUM  Continuity of root is established

2. Functional repair
 Mineralized connective tissue  Resorption of lacunae are
 Covers anatomical roots of teeth partially filled
 It attaches the periodontal ligament  Periodontal fibers are anchored
fibers to the tooth in the surface of shallow
depressions
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
CLASSIFICATIONS
A. ORGANIC COMPOSITION: 50-55%
 collagen (type I) A. Acellular, Afibrilar Cementum
 chondroitin sulfate and water  No cementocytes and collagen
B. INORGANIC COMPOSITION: 45-50% fibrils
 Mainly calcium & phosphorous  Begins to form after tooth
(hydroxyapatite crystals) eruption
 Small amounts of magnesium,  Formerly referred to as “coronal
carbonate, and citrate cementum”
 Fluorine- most regularly B. Acellular extrinsic fiber cementum
appearing trace  Consist of exclusively bundles of
element extrinsic collagen fibrils
 Sharpey’s fibers:
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES originally from
periodontal ligament
 Contains least minerals compared to  Formerly called “primary
enamel dentin and bone cementum or fibrous
 Softer than enamel and dentin but cementum”
hardness as bone  Formed predominantly on the
 Light yellow in color, slightly lighter than cervical and middle portion of
dentin root
 Thinnest at CEJ C. CELLULAR MIXED FIBER CEMENTUM
 Thickest towards apex  Contains cemetocytes and has
both extrinsic sharpey’s fibers
FUNCTIONS and intrinsic bundles of collagen
fibers
 Anchors the teeth to the alveolus  Products of cemetoblast and
 Seals the surface of root and dentin and manufactured by cementocytes
covers the ends of the dentinal tubules  Referred to as secondary
 Contributes to the continuous vertical cementum
eruption of the teeth  formed around the closing root
 Regulates periodontal space as bone apex
resorbs D. CELLULAR INTRINSIC FIBER CEMENTUM
 Contains cemetocytes and
REPAIR OF ROOT SURFACE GIVES THE RESULT: intrinsic bundles of collagen
fibers
1. Anatomical repair  Exclusive product of
 Resorption lacunae are cementoblast
completely filled
  Formed only during reparative  Incremental lines of Salter: growth lines
process = resorption lacunae that represents the periodontic
and repair of root fracture deposition of successive new layer of
E. INTERMEDIATE CEMENTUM cementum
 Thin, non-cellular amorphous
layer of hard tissue (10 CEMENTOBLASTS
micrometers thick)
 First layer of hard tissue  Originate from ectomesenchyme cells
deposited- seals tubules of  Responsible for producing cementum
dentin  Found lining the root surfaces
 “cement” the cementum to
dentin CEMENTOCYTES
 Provides initial attachment of
ligament fibrils to the tooth  Found only in cellular cementum
 Known as Hyaline layer of  Maintains cementum matrix
Hopwell-Smith
PERIODONTAL FIBROBLASTS
OTHER CLASSIFICATIONS
 Fusiform, spindle-shaped stellate
A. Cellularity  Forms fibers
1. Acellular- refers to cementum  Indirectly participate in the formation of
lacking embedded cells the cementum
2. Cellular- contains cells in lacunae
located within the mineralized CEMENTOCLASTS (ODONTOBLASTS)
matrix
B. Location  Multinucleated giant cells that are
1. Radicular cementum- covers the indistinguishable from osteoclasts
roots  Responsible for extensive root
2. Coronal cementum- cementum resorption
found over the enamel
C. Fibrils
1. Afibrilar- organic matrix lacks dense
arrays of collagen fibrils
2. Fibrillar- most common form and
contains well-defined, densely
packed collagen fibrils in matrix

STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF CEMENTUM

 Cementum matrix: composed of

collagen fibers and cementing
substance
A. SHARPEYS FIBERS
 fibrous collagen fibrils
 belongs to periodontal ligament
and is not intrinsic to
cementum