“LIVING BIOLOGY & ENVIOURNMENTAL

SCIENCE EXPERIENTIAL” LEARNING

Submitted by:
NAME Kiran Kumar Sahu

REGD NO 2101020454

BRANCH CSE (AI&ML)

GROUP 5

Submitted in partial fulfilment for requirement for the award of the DEGREE OF
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF:

Dr. Siddharth Shankar Sharma

ASSOCIATED PROFESSOR
Department of Agriculture

C.V RAMAN GLOBAL UNIVERSITY, BHUBANESWAR, ODISHA

Year: 2022-2023
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project work entitled “Different Human diseases their casual
organisms and their control measures” submitted to the Department of Agriculture of C.V.
Raman Global University (CGU), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, Under the guidance of Dr
Siddharth Shankar Sharma, Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture, CGU,
Odisha. I further declare that this work has not been submitted elsewhere for the award of any
other degree.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The Research Excellence and an effective report design always needs the
assistance from various sides. It was not possible on my part to give a complete
and perfect touch without any assistance. Therefore, I would like to express my
indebtedness to the following people for their unfailing assistance, enthusiasm
and ingenuity. Firstly, I would like to express my heartiest gratitude to Dr.
Priyabrat Mohapatra sir of the Department of Chemistry for his constant support
and guidance. Last but not the least I would like to extend my gratitude towards
my friends for their timely cooperation, initiative, administration, assistance and
suggestion and much needed encouragement.

CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Different types of human diseases and casual Organisms
3. Control measures
4. Conclusion
5. References

INTRODUCTION
A disease is a particular abnormal condition that negatively affects the Structure
or Function of all or part of an organism, and that is not immediately due to any
external injury. Diseases are often known to be medical conditions that are
associated with specific Signs and symptoms. A disease may be caused by
external factors such as pathogens or by internal dysfunctions. For example,
internal dysfunctions of the immune system can produce a variety of different
diseases, including various forms of immunodeficiency, hypersensitivity,
allergies and autoimmune disease.
In humans, disease is often used more broadly to refer to any condition that
causes pain, dysfunction, distress, social problems, or death to the person
affected, or similar problems for those in contact with the person. In this
broader sense, it sometimes includes injuries, disabilities, disorders,
syndromes, infections, isolated symptoms, deviant , behaviours, and atypical
variations of structure and function, while in other contexts and for other
purposes these may be considered distinguishable categories. Diseases can
affect people not only physically, but also mentally, as contracting and living
with a disease can alter the affected person's perspective on life.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF DISEASES AND CASUAL

ORGANISMS
There are many different types of human diseases, which can be broadly classified based on
their causes, symptoms, and treatments. Here are some common types of human diseases:
1. Infectious diseases: These are caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites and can
be spread from person to person or through contaminated food or water. Examples include
the common cold, influenza, tuberculosis, and malaria.
2. Genetic diseases: These are caused by abnormalities in a person's DNA or genes and
can be passed down from parents to their children. Examples include cystic fibrosis, sickle
cell anemia, and Huntington's disease.
3. Chronic diseases: These are long-term conditions that can't be cured but can often be
managed with medication or lifestyle changes. Examples include diabetes, hypertension, and
asthma.
4. Autoimmune diseases: These occur when the immune system attacks the body's own
cells and tissues. Examples include rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and multiple sclerosis.
5. Mental health disorders: These affect a person's mood, thinking, and behaviour.
Examples include depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia.
6. Degenerative diseases: These are caused by the deterioration of cells and tissues in
the body and often occur with age. Examples include Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's
disease, and osteoarthritis.
7. Cancer: This is a group of diseases that occur when abnormal cells divide and grow
uncontrollably. Examples include breast cancer, lung cancer, and colon cancer.

CONTROL MEASURES
There are several control measures that can be implemented to prevent and manage the spread
of diseases. These measures can vary depending on the type of disease, its mode of
transmission, and its severity. Here are some common control measures:
1. Vaccination: Vaccines can prevent many infectious diseases by providing immunity
to the individual receiving the vaccine.
2. Personal hygiene: Proper hand hygiene, regular bathing, and use of personal
protective equipment such as masks and gloves can prevent the spread of infectious diseases.
3. Environmental sanitation: Maintaining clean and sanitary living conditions can
prevent the spread of infectious diseases.
4. Quarantine: Isolating infected individuals from the rest of the population can prevent
the spread of infectious diseases.
5. Treatment: Effective treatment of infected individuals can reduce the severity of the
disease and prevent its spread to others.
6. Public health surveillance: Monitoring the occurrence and spread of diseases in a
population can help identify outbreaks and control measures needed to contain them.
7. Education and awareness: Providing information and education about disease
prevention and control measures can empower individuals and communities to take action to
prevent and manage diseases. It’s important to note that not all control measures may be
applicable or effective for all types of diseases, and a combination of measures may be
necessary to effectively control the spread of a disease.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, human diseases come in many different types and can have various causes,
symptoms, and treatments. Some diseases are infectious and can be spread from person to
person, while others are genetic or caused by lifestyle factors. Effective control measures,
such as vaccination, personal hygiene, environmental sanitation, and treatment, can help
prevent and manage the spread of diseases. It's important for individuals and communities to
stay informed about diseases and take action to prevent their spread. Continued research and
development of new treatments and prevention strategies are also essential in combating
human diseases and improving public health.