Activity 4

Time and Motion Study

Name: Arman Paypa Class Schedule: MW 10:30-12:00

Program/Year/Section: BIT 3A Day Date: 10/19/2022

Direction:  Answer the following questions:

1. Define what is “time and motion study”?

 systematic observation, analysis, and measurement of the separate steps in the

performance of a specific job for the purpose of establishing a standard time for each
performance, improving procedures, and increasing productivity.
 A time and motion study is a business efficiency technique combining the Time Study
work of Frederick Winslow Taylor with the Motion Study work of Frank and Lillian
Gilbreth. It is a major part of scientific management.

2. What are the aims and objectives of time study?

 The primary target of time study is to decide the standard time to finish any work by
estimating the quantum of time needed to follow through with that job

3. What are the procedures of time study?

 Observe the Manufacturing Process. Your study begins by simply observing the process
in front of you.
 Decide on a Fixed Beginning and Ending Point.
 Break the Manufacturing Process Into Steps and Determine Their Beginning and End
Points.
 Record Your Data.
 Analyze Your Data.
4. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of time study?

 Advantages: Are the applications to which time standards are put generally they are
required (a) to plan future production and (b) to evaluate performance of workers or of
the production system as a whole.

 Time study is not suitable for non-repetitive jobs and for non-standardized or indirect
labor jobs. It is less suitable on jobs paced by automatic machines than on jobs where
operators control the work place.

5. What is motion study?

 Motion study refers to the study of movements like lifting, putting objects, sitting and
changing positions, etc., which are undertaken while doing a typical job. Unnecessary
movements are sought to be eliminated so that it takes less time to complete the job
efficiently.
 A time and motion study is a business efficiency technique combining the Time Study
work of Frederick Winslow Taylor with the Motion Study work of Frank and Lillian
Gilbreth. It is a major part of scientific management

6. What are the tools of motion study?

 Operation Chart (Fig 52.1): This is a graphic representation of the sequence of all
operations and inspections involved in the process.
 Flow Process Chart:
 Flow Diagram:
 String Diagram:

7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of motion study?

 Advantage: Proper implementation time-motion study allows you to improve processes

and optimization of performance. Better working methods boost efficiency and decrease
fatigue in workers. Effectiveness is not just about how hard you work, but how smart.
Time-motion theory enhances resource planning and allocation.

 The main limitations of Time and Motion studies include risk of observers interfering with
care patterns by their presence (i.e., Hawthorne Effect) and the precision of the study
data given the possibility of human timing errors.

8. What is meant by the term “therbligs”?

  Therbligs are 18 kinds of elemental motions, used in the study of motion economy in
the workplace. A workplace task is analyzed by recording each of the therblig units for a
process, with the results used for optimization of manual labor by eliminating unneeded
movements.
 One of the manual, visual, or mental elements into which an industrial manual operation
may be analyzed in time and motion study. a symbol devised for representing a therblig
in writing or notation.

9. Give examples of Therbligs.