I TEST CODE 01203020 7

FORM TP 2022048 MAY/JUNE 2022

CARIBBEA N EXAMINAT IONS COUNCIL

CARIBBEAN SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE®

EXAMINATION

AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE
(Single Award)

Paper 02 - General Proficiency

2 hours

READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.

1. This paper consists of SIX questions in three sections. Answer ALL questions.

2. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

3. Do NOT write in the margins.

4. You may use a silent, non-programmable calculator.

5. If you need to rewrite any answer and there is not enough space to do so on the
original page, you must use the extra lined page(s) provided at the back of this
booklet. Remember to draw a line through your original answer.

6. If you use the extra page(s) you MUST write the question number clearly in
the box provided at the top of the extra page(s) and, where relevant, include
the question part beside the answer.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

Copyright © 2020 Caribbean Examinations Council

All rights reserved.
0 I 203020/MJ/CSEC 2022
 -4-
7
SECTION I

Answer ALL questions in this section.

Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

I. Figure 1 shows a hydroponics system.

'r-1--- - B

Figure 1. Hydroponics system

(a) (i) Name the components in the hydroponics system labelled A and B in Figure!.
Reservoir
A .......................................................... ......................................................... ......... .
water pump
B ............................................................................................................................ .
(2 marks)

(ii) State the name of the process that takes place at the part labelled C in Figure 1.

.... .......... ..... .. ............ ......... ........ .. ...... .......... .... .......... ....................... ... ...... ... .............

·························································· ······································································
........................................................................................ ............................ .............
(1 mark)

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01 203020/MJ/CSEC 2022
 r -5-
7
(b) Sash a lives in an apartment complex in the city. She want
s to grow vegetables at her
apart ment using a hydroponics system but the water suppl
y is not reliable.
Sugg est TWO advantages and ONE disadvantage of using
vegetables. a hydroponics system to grow

Advantages
Saves space
.......................................................... ........... .........................................
.. ................ ....
.....Much
.........attention
...............is...not needed
........ ... .................................................. ............................................ ....
.
...Not
.......prone
.........to
.....disease
............that
.......can occur in soil
..... ..... ..... ... ... ..................... ...................... ..... ... ..... .....................
Does not require much water
········································································································· ·······.........
................ ......
·············........................................................................................ ........ ........
......... ....... .
. .......... . ..................................... ......... .................................... ...................
.................... ..................... ...........
(2 marks)
Disadvantage

It is...........
. ........ expensive
......................................... ........... .... .......................... .................... ............. .................................
Knowledge and expertise needed

Time consuming

(1 mark )

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oJ 2030 20/M J/CS EC 2022
r -6- 7
(c) The farmers in Linstead village complained to their extension officer that they had been
advertising for farm workers, but were not successful in obtaining the required number.
However, they noticed that there was an increase in youth unemploymen t in the village.

(i) Suggest TWO reasons for the problem outlined in the scenario above .
Methods of advertising
.... .... ................. ................................................................................................. ........
Disinterest in being a farmer
························································································ ··········································
Lack of knowledge in the field of agriculture
·············'" ·•···················· ·································································· ····························
Over qualified
·································································································································
........................................................................................ ..................... ....................
(2 marks)

(ii) Suggest TWO possible solutions to address this problem.

TRy better advertisng methods

······················ ························································································ ··········
Encourage the youth to take up agriculture
.................................................................................................................................
Incorporate the use of technology in the farm
············································ ································································· ····················

(2 marks)

Total 10 marks

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0 1203020/MJ/ CSEC 2022
I -7- 7
2. (a) Farmer Vickram cultivates tomatoes. An extension officer advises Farmer Vickr~ ~at
usin~ fe1:i lizer will improve the yield of his tomatoes. Figure 2 shows the effect of fert1 hzer
applica tion on the yield of tomatoes on Vickram 's farm.

l j
; ;
I
' '
250

200 ' i
• i i
'
'iG
c 150
-""
,:,
~

~ 100 - ·'.·. t ..J,

; ;
' ; i : 1
;

so ; . ;

:.
r.
' i I ; . '
;
I i
;

0 '
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Fertiliser Input (kg)

Figure 2. Effect of fertilise r application on yield of tomato es

(i) Explain the effect of the use of fertilizer on the yield of tomatoe s at points A and
B on the graph.
at 6 kg of fertilizers used 150 yields is produced
A ............. .................................... ............ ........................ ............ .............................

at 14 kg............
B ............ of fertilizer used 150 kg of yields is produced
.... ............ ........................ ........................ .....................................

················································ ························ ················································ ·········

............................................................. ................................................ .....................
(2 marks)
(ii) Using the information in Figure 2, advise Farmer Vickram of the following:

a) Maximu m yield that can be obtained by adding fertilizer to his tomato crop.
200 kg is the maximum yield produced
············ ············ ·····························································································
b) Maximu m amount of fertilizer that should be used in his tomato crop.

10 kg is the maximum amount of fertilizer that should be used

················································ ············ ············ ··························· ··················
(2 marks)
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0 120302 0/MJ/CS EC 2022
 - 8- 7
•tt tr tes an economic law that is referred to
(iii) The graph in Figure 2, on page 7, 1 us a
during the production process.

State the name of the law that this graph depicts .

..............................
The law of deminishing .....................
returns . ......................................................... ........ c.i·;·~~·k)

(l.v) c a1cu1ate the margma

• d ct when the farmer moves from using 4 kg offertilizer
1pro u
to 6 kg of fertilizer.

. _ Change in total product

[ Marginal Product - Change in output
J
'
~
f
f.. ,
.,
MP= 50/2 '
MP=25
.................................................................................................................... ................ I

(2 marks)

(b) Sanya is a poultry farmer. She went to the Agricultural Credit Bank in her country to
obtain a loan. Sanya gave her labour records to the loan officer with her loan application.
The loan officer told Sanya that she needed to present other types of records to help him
determine if she would qualify for the loan.

(i) State ONE reason why the labour records alone would not help Sanya to obtain a loan.

The labor record does not include the income and expenditure of the farm

····························· ····································································································
(1 mark)

(ii) Suggest TWO other records that Sanya must provide to the loan officer to be
considered for a bank loan .
Credit history
... ..............................................................................................................................
Proof of income
·························································· ·······································································
Collateral
·································································································································
(2 marks)

Total 10 marks

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01203020/MJ/CS EC 2022
 -9-
7
SECTIO N II

Answer ALL questions in this section.

Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

3. (a)
On a recent field trip to an agricultural research station, it was explained that the soil profile
plays a key role in determining the suitability of an area for agricultural production.

Figure 3 represents a typical soil profile of the area.

----s

Figure 3. A typical soil profile

(i) State the name of the layers labelled Q and R.

Top Soil....................................................................................... ...............

Q.............. ........... .

R....
Sub ..............
Soil ............... .............................................................. ............... ................... .
(2 marks)

(ii) Which layer in the soil profile is responsible for influencing the mineral content of
the soil?

Q
.................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)

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01203020/MJ/CSEC 2022
r - 10 -
7
(iii) Fann er Sam culti vates vegetables intensively on his
I-hectare farm in the area. The
exten sion officer told him that in the soil profile, layer
Pis the litter layer and on his
farm this layer was too thin.

Advi se Farm er Sam on TWO cultural practices he

can use to improve the thick ness
of layer P in the soil on his farm .
Applying organic manure
········ ······························ ········ ··············· ········································
·······························
Molding
....................................................... ........ ........................................
.............................
Tillage
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• • •
• • • • • • • • • • • •• • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• ■ ••••••••••••• • ••

Drainage
........... .................. .................. ................. ... ...... ............................
.. ................... ..........
... .................... ................................................ ........
...Mulching
.... .... ........ .................................. .
....... ................. ............... ................................... .....
......................................................
······· ······························································ ········································
··············

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0 1203 020/ MJ/C SEC 2022
 I - 11 -
7
(b) At the research staf
d .iueren
cr . wn, an experiment was conducted to determine water retentio· · h
t soil typ A B n mt ree
. filter d eac h 0 f
th em was placed es, o
, and C. Three funnels were lined w1th paper an
8 and C w . ver ~ m~asuring cylinder. One hundred grams of each type o f soi·1 , A ,
' hich was air dried, was placed in the three funnels and I 00 ml of water
poured over th was
. e soi·1 ·m each. The water draining from the soil (filtrate) was col Iected m·
each· case m the • cylinde ·
rneasu nng r. The experiment lasted for 30 mmute F.
s. igure 4
shows the result c h .
s ,or eac of the soil samples.

Filter paper

Soil A
SoilC --wi

Measur ing --- 60 ml

cylinde r
--- 40 ml
Filtrate
20ml

Figure 4. Result s of water retention in soil experi ment

(i) Identif y the soil types which are MOST likely to produc e the results in B and
C.
Clay ........... ............................................
8 ........... ........................................................... .

c ...........
Sand ........... .................................
...................................................................... .
(2 marks )
(ii) Soil Sampl e B was obtained from Farme r Indar's Vegetable Farm. Identif y ONE
proble m he may encounter in his soil during the rainy season.
Flooding of the crops

Water logging

Increase in diseases
·········· ································· ······················································································
(1 mark)

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012030 20/MJ /CSEC 2022
 - 12 -
7
(iii) Suggest TWO mdhods that Fanner lndarcan use lo alleviate the problem identified
in (b} (ii) .
Get a proper drainage system

Apply sand

.. .... . . .. .. . .. . .. ... .. ········................................. -- ......................................................................... .

................................................... . .............. . . .................. .................................. . . . ...................................................................

. ... ........ . ...................... ...................... . . .............................. . .......................... ........ ................ .......... ........ ........ ............................................................................

...... ....................... ........... ........ .......... ............. ...... ........... ........ ........................................................................... . ................................ . . .... ............... ............. .
(2 marks)

Total 10 marks

GO ON TO T HE N EXT PAG I:
0 1203020, MJtCSEC 2022
 - I3 - 7
4. (a)
On a recent visit to Joel's tomato plot it was observed that most of the tomatoes were lying
on the ground and rotting. Joel was ~dvised that there are several methods available that
he can use to preserve his crop.

(i)
State ONE advantage of preserving crops .
Extends shelf
................. .............................................................................. .............

···········································································································
·· ·············· ·· ··········· ······· ································ ···· ················· ················ ·········(l.ma rk)

(ii) Suggest ONE method that can be used to preserve tomatoes.

Canning
························································································································ ·········
Freezing
........................................................................................ ..........................(1 mark)

Drying Curing

Smoking

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01203020/ MJ/CSEC 2022
 I - I4 -
7
(b) (i) After speaking with Joel you realized that he is not sure about when to harvest his
tomato crop. Advise Joel on ONE sign he can look for to determine ifhjs tomato
fruits are ready for harvesting.
has more of a red colour
......... ... .................................. .... ......... ........................ ............................................ ..

································································································· ············· ···················

........................ .........................................................................................................
(1 mark)

(ii) Figure 5 shows two tools that can be used to harvest crops.

X y

Figure 5. Two harvesting tools

Which of the tools, X or Y, is MORE appropriate for Joel to use to harvest his
tomato fruits? Give ONE reason to support your answer.

Y
Tool ............ .................................... ............. ........................................................... .

allows for
Reason ............ careful
............ cutting
.......... and collection of the fruit once it is ready for harvesting
............ ..................................................................... .

········································································ ························································

································································································································
(2 marks)

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01203020/MJ/ CSEC 2022
 - 1S -
(iii)
Outl ine THR EE ·
frUt·ts t hat are at thmain steps Joel shou ld follo w when harve sting h. t
ts toma 0
e correct stage of maturity.
Use proper tools when removing the fruit from the stem
..................................................... ...........................................................
...........
get a container layered with hay and place the tomatoes in it
························ ································· ········ ········· ························ ················
················ ·
Do not pile the tomatoes on each other
················································· ················· ········································· ········
Harvest the tomatoes just before they are ripe to prevent spoilage ·················
................................ ......................................................... ........ ................
...................
········ ································ ········ ·································································
···················
................ ......................... ................. .........................................................
.................
················ ························· .. ······..················ ··· .. ···········................................ <3··~~~b)
(iv) Farm er Amy advised Joel that he needs to sanitize his
harve sting knife with a
sanit izing agent after harvesting each row of plants.

State TWO reasons why harvesting tools should be regul

arly sanit ized durin g
harve sting.

........ .........tools
.preventing . ................contaminating
from .... .... ............. ..the
......crops
... .......with
. .. ...some
..........sort
... ...of
....bacteria
.. ............ ............ .....
prevents dulling of tools to keep them efficient nd worrking well

················ ················ ·········································· ········································

··················
......................................................................... ........................................
........ ...........
········································ ········ ································································
····················
(2 marks)

Total 10 marks

GO ON TO THE NEX T PAGE

01 203020/M J/CS EC 2022
 - 16 -
7
SECTION III

Answer ALL questions in this section.

Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.

5. (a) Figure 6 shows a breed of goat found in the Caribb ean.

Figure 6. Breed of goat found in the Caribbean

(i) Identif y the breed of goat shown in Figure 6 .

............
Saanen .......................................................... ........... ...................... .................................
(1 mark)
(ii) State TWO purpos es for which this breed of goat is reared.

Dairy purposes

Meat production

(2 marks)

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0 120302 0/MJ/C SEC 2022
r (b)
- 17 -

Fanner Jeff produces broiler birds. He noticed that his current batch of birds looked
7
droopy and had diarrhoea with blood streaks in their droppings.

(i) Id
entify the disease that is affecting this batch of boiler birds and state th e agent
that caused this disease.

Disease coccidiosis/
······· ······················ ·············································· ····· ·····················ci'·;~~k>

Agent Protozoa
········································································································c1·-.;;.·;~·k>

(ii) suggest THREE ways Farmer Jeff can control this disease on his farm.
treat the infected birds by adding sulphate in their drinking water
························································································· ······················ ····················

····································································································································

················································································································· ·········
remove birds from wet and infected litter
····························· .. ····················...........................................................................
add coccidiostats
············································· ··············································································
Stocking density
······················ should be ·······················
······················· reduced
······················· ····································
(3 marks)

(iii) Advise Farmer Jeff on TWO recommendations that he should adopt as part of a
total disease management programme on his broiler farm.

Use of a foot bath

Keep the litter dry

Regular cleaning and sanitizing of the pen

····································································································································

······················ ·············································· ································································

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····································································································································
(2 marks)

Total 10 marks

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01203020/MJ/CSEC 2022
I - 18 - 7
6. . ·
(a) The diagra m in Figure 7 shows the d1gest1 ve syste m of poultry.

Proventriculus

Small intestine
C

Figure 7. Digest ive system in poultr y

(i) Name the parts labelled A, Band C in Figure 7.

Beak .......... ........... ..................... ....................

A ........... .......... .......... .......... ........... ..... ...... .
crop ····················
B ·········· ································································································
gizzard
C ···················· ···················· ·················....................................................................
.
(3 marks )
(ii) Explai n ONE similarity and ONE difference in functio n betwe en the proven triculu
s
and the small intestine.
They are
Similarity ........... both..........
........... apart of the alimentary canal
...................... .................................................. .......... .
....... .. ... .... ...Both
.... ....secrete enzymes
..... ... .. ······ .................... ........... ........................................................
.
(1 mark)
Difference while the proventriculus stores the food while the small intestine absorbs the
···········
nutrients ·········· ··········· ···················································································
..................... ................................ ...............................................................................

... ...proventriculus
...The .... ....... .. . . ......breaks
. ..........down
.........food
.................................... ............................... ..... .. .. ........

.... .................... . .............................................. ........ ...................................................

...
(2 marks )

0 120302 0/MJ/C SEC 2022 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

 - 19 - 7
(b) On a recent field tr·1
concentrates to th Ptoam·ixed livestock
·
farm it was observed that the fanner was fee d'mg
goats. e mature p·igs and a mixture
• ' of concentrates and herbage to th e mature

For EACH class of .

materials were fi d animal, provide TWO reasons why the different types of feeding
e .

Pigs Pigs need concentrates because they are non ruminants

·······································································································································
.................................................................................................................................

···················· .........................................................................................................

.... ....... ... .............. ........................ ..... .... .......................................................

...... ................................................................................. -.................................. .
................- ................................................................................................................... .
(2 marks)
goats need both because the herbage so that their rumen can function properly and
Goats .........................................................................................
the concentrates supplies sufficient nutrients ..........................................
... .............................................................................. ·-...................................
·············································································································································

(2 marks)

Total 10 marks

END OFTEST

IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.

01203020/MJ/CSEC 2022