Mitochondria in human sperm cell

Capacitation

ATP production

Physiological levels of reactive

oxygen species (ROS)

Storage of intracellular Ca2+

Regulation of apototic-like
phenomena

du Plessis SS, et al. (2011) Reproductive biology and endocrinology: RB&E;9:36. Fulda S, et al. (2010) Nat Rev Drug Discov. 9:447-64. Amaral A, et al. (2013) Reproduction. 146:R163-74.
Ferramosca A and Zara V. (2014) BioMed research international. 2014:902953. du Plessis SS, et al. (2015) Asian journal of andrology. 17:230-5.
 Ca2+ binding to ATP synthase triggers the mitochondrial permeability transition

ATP mPTP
Cell survival Cell death
synthesis opening

Chinopoulos, C. (2017) EMBO Reports, 18, 1041-1042 Giorgio, V. et al. (2017) EMBO Reports, 18, 1065-1076.
 ESTA ES MI HIPÓTESIS, QUE LA ENTRADA DE CALCIO EN EL ESPERMATOZOIDE INDUCIDA POR PROGESTERONA
CAUSA LA APERTURA DEL PORO, QUE EN CONDICIONES FISIOLÓGICAS (APERTURA TRANSIENTE) CONTRIBUYE
A LA HOMEOSTASIS DEL CALCIO, Y SI ABRE DE MANERA PERMANENTE INDUCE MUERTE CELULAR.

The increase of
The mPTP opening
Progesterone [Ca2+]i promotes The increase of
is associated with
induces an increase the uptake of mitochondrial
the release of
of [Ca2+]i via calcium by the calcium promotes
mitochondrial
CatSper mitochondria the mPTP opening
calcium
(VDAC, MCU, RaM)

Strunker, T. et al., (2011) Nature, 471, 382-386.

 Rasola 2011
mPTP flickering

Rasola, A. and Bernardi, P. (2011) Mitochondrial permeability transition in Ca(2+)-dependent apoptosis and necrosis. Cell Calcium, 50, 222-233.
 Rasola 2011
mPTP-mediated necrosis

Rasola, A. and Bernardi, P. (2011) Mitochondrial permeability transition in Ca(2+)-dependent apoptosis and necrosis. Cell Calcium, 50, 222-233.
Dibujo del ovocito y células del cúmulo mostrando en
azul un gradiente (progesterona probablemente)

De paper: Signaling in Sperm: More Different than Similar

 Catsper y el bloqueador de CatSper que abre
el canal en respuesta a progesterona
mammalian CatSper is controlled by
voltage and pHi, but also by various
ligands of the oviductal fluid and even
structurally diverse synthetic chemicals
[14–20]. For example, in human sperm
nanomolar concentrations of the female
sex hormone progesterone and
prostaglandins activate CatSper [18,19].
Progesterone seems to act via an unusual
membrane endocannabinoid signaling
pathway [21] involving the membrane
receptor alpha/beta hydrolase
domain-containing protein 2 (ABHD2); at
rest, CatSper is inhibited by the
endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol
(2-AG) in the flagellar membrane. On
progesterone binding , ABHD2 degrades
2-AG and thereby relieves CatSper from De paper: Signaling in Sperm: More Different than Similar
inhibition [21] (Figure 2).
Algo así me imagino la ampliación del dibujo