NATIONAL UNIVERSITY ENMATS1L

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING - LAB

Seatwork 01 - Pre-Lecture Activity

Overview of Materials Science and Engineering

CATARUNGAN, KEITH DANIEL A.

DATE OF SUBMISSION
05/9/2023
Catarungan, Keith Daniel
1. An ionic bond - is formed when valence electrons are transferred from one atom to the other to
complete the outer electron shell.

A covalent bond - is formed when the valence electrons from one atom are shared between two or
more particular atoms.

A metallic bond is formed when the valence electrons are not associated with a particular atom or
ion, but exist as a "cloud" of electrons around the ion centers.

2. A crystalline solid is formed by arranging the components in a regular repeating three-dimensional

array (a crystal lattice), whereas an amorphous solid is formed by arranging them more or less
randomly.

3. Body-centered cubic (BCC) is a crystal structure that consists of a cube-shaped unit cell with atoms
located at the corners and in the center of the cube.

The hcp structure has three layers of atoms. In each the top and bottom layer, there are six atoms
that arrange themselves in the shape of a hexagon and a seventh atom that sits in the middle of the
hexagon

A cubic close-packed (ccp) or face-centred cubic (fcc) structure is the name given to this crystal
structure. Atoms are arranged at the four corners and the centre of each cube face in a face-
centred cubic unit cell.

4. Material properties are physical, chemical, or mechanical components of a specific product that

would determine its functionality and manufacturability.
Catarungan, Keith Daniel
 5. a. A unit cell - is the smallest portion of a crystal lattice that shows the three-dimensional pattern of
the entire crystal.

b. A lattice is - an ordered set of points that define the structure of a crystal-forming particle.

c. Coordination number- the number of atoms, ions, or molecules that a central atom or ion holds
as its nearest neighbours in a complex or coordination compound or in a crystal.

d. The atomic packing factor [A.P.F] - It can be defined as the ratio between the volume of the basic
atoms of the unit cell (which represent the volume of all atoms in one unit cell ) to the volume of
the unit cell it self.

e. Allotropy – is he property of some metals and alloys that exhibit different crystalline lattices at
different temperatures.

f. Linear density (LD) - is defined as the fraction of the line length in particular crystallographic
direction that passes through atom centers.

references
CES Information Guide - Materials Science Engineering (2006) Atomic Bonding https://depts.washington.edu/matseed/ces_guide/bonding.htm