Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Lecture-12 (12-04-2023)

    Uploaded by

    maha
    8 views15 pages
    This document discusses phagocytosis, the process by which macrophages and other immune cells engulf and digest pathogens and cellular debris. It describes how pathogens are detected via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and opsonins, and then phagocytosed. It also discusses how microbes are killed after being phagocytosed through reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and enzymes in lysosomes. Finally, it briefly mentions measuring phagocytosis in vitro and the role of phagocytosis in cell turnover and inflammation.

    Original Description:

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    This document discusses phagocytosis, the process by which macrophages and other immune cells engulf and digest pathogens and cellular debris. It describes how pathogens are detected via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and opsonins, and then phagocytosed. It also discusses how microbes are killed after being phagocytosed through reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and enzymes in lysosomes. Finally, it briefly mentions measuring phagocytosis in vitro and the role of phagocytosis in cell turnover and inflammation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    8 views15 pages

    Lecture-12 (12-04-2023)

    Uploaded by

    maha
    This document discusses phagocytosis, the process by which macrophages and other immune cells engulf and digest pathogens and cellular debris. It describes how pathogens are detected via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and opsonins, and then phagocytosed. It also discusses how microbes are killed after being phagocytosed through reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and enzymes in lysosomes. Finally, it briefly mentions measuring phagocytosis in vitro and the role of phagocytosis in cell turnover and inflammation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 15

    MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY

    (VAI-311)

    Hussain Mustatab Wahedi, PhD Lecture 12


    Department of Healthcare Biotechnology 12-Apr-2023
    ASAB, NUST, Islamabad SP-2023
    Phagocytosis

    • Macrophasges
    • Dendritic cells
    • Neutrophils
    • Tissue specific macrophages like Langerhans cells
    Phagocytosis

    • How pathogens are detected?

    PAMP and PRRs


    Phagocytosis
    • PRR mediated phagocytosis
    • Opsonin-mediated phagocytosis
    Opsonization & Opsonins
    Opsonization: Tagging of pathogens with ‘opsonins’ to facilitate phagocytosis
    Opsonization & Opsonins
    Phagocytosis
    • PRR mediated phagocytosis
    • Opsonin-mediated phagocytosis
    Phagocytosis: How microbes are killed?

    Multiple mechanisms:
    • ROS
    • RNS
    • Enzymes in lysomses
    • Phagosomes oxidase (NADPH oxidase) oxidative burst
    How can we measure phagocytosis in vitro?
    Method of the day
    How can we measure phagocytosis in vitro?
    Phagocytosis in cell turnover (Efferocytosis)
    • DAMPs: Damage/Danger-associated molecular patterns
    • Signals like Phosphatidylserine (PS) recognized by PS receptor
    • Eat me signal

    ✓ Phagocytosis/Efferocytosis
    ✓ Immune suppression
    Phagocytosis in cell turnover (Efferocytosis)
    • DAMPs: Damage/Danger-associated molecular patterns
    • Signals like Phosphatidylserine (PS) recognized by PS receptor
    • Don’t eat me: CD47-SiRP-alpha---inhibit phagocytosis

    Healthy Dying
    cells cell
    INFLAMMATION: Localized & Systemic
    • Non-specific protective response (excess is bad)
    • Symptoms: pain, heat, swelling, redness
    Question

    What is sterile inflammation?


    What is sterile inflammation?
    • Pathogen-free inflammation caused by mechanical trauma,
    ischemia, stress or environmental conditions.

    You might also like