OÝ_b¾mZwgma \$bmXoe

Vw_Mr OÝ_amer {g§h Amho.Ë`m Zwgma Vw_À`m OÝ_amerMo \$b d àË`oH$ KamV
`oUmè`m BVa amerMr \$bo nwT>rbà_mUo AmhoV.àË`oH$ KamVrb `oUmè`m J«hmZwgma `mV
WmoS>m \$aH$ `oD$ eH$Vmo.
OÝ_amer qgh
qgh amerÀ`m ì`º$s¨Mo ^{dî`-
earamH¥$Vr {Xgm`bm Mm§Jbr Agbr Var AmVyZ \$mo\$go, S>moio {ndiQ>, hZwdQ>r
_moR>r,Moham _moR>m, Aer R>odU qgh amerÀ`m ì`º$s¨Mr AgVo. O§JbmV {\$aÊ`mMm N>X §
AgVmo. amJrQ> d EH$m {R>H$mar pñWa Z amhÊ`mÀ`m d¥{Îm_wio OrdZmV `m§Zm Iwn Ìmg
ghZ H$amdm bmJVmo. ImÊ`m{nÊ`mV MmoI§Xi d ì`gZr AgVmV. Hw$Qw>§~mda ào_ H$aVmV
nU d¡Mm[aH$ _V{^ÞVo_wio doJio amhmdo bmJVo. H§$~aXwIr_wio Iyn Ìmg ghZ H$amdm
bmJVmo.
qgh amerÀ`m _{hbm earamZo H$mhrem ñWyb AgVmV. gd© VèhoÀ`m ImÚ nXmWmªMr
AmdS> AgVo. ñdnamH«$_mZo n¡gm H$_{dVmV. g§VVrgwI H$_r à_mUmV {_iVo. n{VÀ`m
àË`oH$ H$m_mda {Q>H$m H$aÊ`mMr gd` AgVo. {nÎmmMm Ìmg OmUdVmo.
OmVH$m^aUM§Ð [Z`m©UmÜ`m`mà_mUo-
qgh amerÀ`m A{YH$m§e ì`º$s lr_§V AgVmV. {eH$bo-gdabobo AgVmV.
g_mOmV _mZ Ë`m§Zm {_iVmo. ^«_Uerb AgVmV. `wÕmV nwT>mH$ma KoD$Z eÌyda {dO`
{_idVmV. erK«H$monr, S>moù`mV AmH$f©U d H$R>moaöX`r AgVmV.
OÝ_mÀ`m àW_dfu ào_~mY|Mm Ìmg hmoVmo. nm§Mì`mdfu A{¾^` d gmVì`m dfu
ÁdanrS>m hmoV.o
{dgmì`m dfu gn©^` AgVo. EH${dgmì`m dfu Iyn Ìmg ghZ H$amdm bmJVmo.
nmoQ>mVrb COdrH$S>rb ^mJmV dm`wamoJm_wio Ìmg hmoVmo.
ñd^mdmZo gwerb na§Vw H§$Oyg d ñnï>dºo$ AgVmV. Am`wî``moJ EH$mhÎma Vo e§^a
df} AgVmo.
qgh amerMr AZw^d{gÕ \$bo-
qghamerÀ`m ì`º$s à`ËZdmXr AgVmV. ~wÕr {dbjU AgyZhr {ejUmMm `moJ
gd©gmYmaU AgVmo. Cƒ{ejUmMm Cn`moJ ì`dhmamV hmoV Zmhr. erK«H$monr, ~wbÝX,
YmS>gr, e¥§Jma d ñdÀN>oVoMo ^moºo$, gÎmmYmar ~ZÊ`mV Va~oO, Aem qgh ì`º$s
AmT>iVmV. earamda EImXo Am°naoeZ hmoVo.
`m amerMm M§Ð amer AgVm 24 A§e^mJ d b¾amer AgVm 25 A§e^mJ _¥Ë`y^mJ
g_Obm OmVmo.
à{VHy$b
Xadfu \o$~w«dmar _{hZm
Xa_hm 3,18,23,29 `m VmaIm, e{Zdma
H$mim a§J- dó BË`m{X
 H$H©$, d¥píMH$ d _rZ amerÀ`m ì`º$s, à{VHy$b AgVmV.
qgh ametÀ`m ì`º$s¨À`m OrdZmVrb _hÎdnyU© KQ>Zm§Mm H$mi-
d`monf} 18 Vo 25 `m H$mimV {ddmh `moJ AgVmo. d¡dm{hH$ OrdZ gwIr amhrb.
g§VVrgwI CÎm_ amhrb. d`modf} 19 Vo 36 hm H$mbI§S> ^m½`moX`mÀ`m Ñï>rZo CÎm_
amhrb. `m H$mimV O_rZ-Ka, dmhZ d ^anya g§n{Îm {_iob _mZ gÝ_mZ {_iob.
37 Vo 45 hm H$mbI§S> AS>MUtMm amhrb. ZmoH$ar ì`dgm`mV AZoH$ AS>MUr
ghZ H$amì`m bmJVrb. _m¡ë`dmZ dñVy§Mr Mmoar hmoUo eŠ` Amho.
46 Vo 62 emar[aH$ Ìmg OmUdob. H$moQ>©H$Moè`m hmoD$Z Am{W©H$ ZwH$gmZ hmoB©b.
63, 64,65 `m dfu gwI d g_mYmZ {_iob.
66 ì`m dfu H$moUmË`mVar dmhZm_wio AnKmV g§^dVmo. _¥Ë`yg_ nrS>m hmoB©b.
qgh ì`º$s§gmR>r {deof CnmgZm-
gy`m©onmgZm H$amdr. hZw_mZMm{bgm {Z`_rV dmMdm. a{ddmaMm Cndmg H$amdm.
lr Am{XŠ`
H$dM YmaU H$amdo _m{UH$ aËZ dmnamdo. Imbrb _§ÌmMm amoO EH$eo AmR> doim On
H$amdm.
› Šbr§ ~«÷Uo OJXmYmam` Z_:Ÿ&&
amOamer.
amer MH«$mVrb nmMdr amer åhUOo qgh amer.hr amOamer Amho.Amnë`m amerda
adr `m J«hmMo ñdm_rËd Amho.Amnë`mH$S>o OrdZ eº$s Mm§Jbr AgVo.Amnë`m
ñdV…~ÔbÀ`m {d{eï> H$ënZm AgVmV.O~aXñV eº$s,CX§S> AmË_{dídmg,
VoOñdrnUm, M_H$XmanUm d ^ì`Vm hr Amnbr d¡{eîQ>ço AmhoV.{XbXmanUm,_ZmMm
CXmanUm `mgmR>r AmnU à{gÕ AgVm.g§Hw${MVnUm,jwÐnUm,Amnë`mH$S>o MwHw$Zhr
{XgUma Zmhr. b¾,gmIanwS>m,CÓmQ>Z Ago H$moUVohr H$m`© Amnë`mH$S>o Agob Va
Ë`mV ^ì`Vm,{X_mI,WmQ> AgUmaM. H$moUË`mhr g_ma§^mMr gwÌo AmnU ghO hmVmiy
eH$Vm.H$m`©H«$_mV nwT>À`m am§JoV ~gUo ng§V H$aVm.Amnbr Cnojm hmoUmè`m {R>H$mUr
AmnU MwHy$Zhr OmV Zmhr.
AmnU BVam§Zm ñ\w$Vu,g§{OdZr XoD$ eH$Vm.ZoV¥Ëd H$aUo hm Amnbm OÝ_{gÕ h¸$
Amho Ago AmnUmg dmQ>V.o gÎmm,A{YH$mamMr AmH$m§jm AgVo.ImbÀ`m nmVirda H$m_
H$aUo AmdS>V Zmhr.gÎmogmR>r n¡emMm _moh gmoS>mb.AmnUmH$S>o X_XmanUm Amho.A_`m©X
CËgmh Amho.AXå` BÀN>meº$s d AgmYmaU _hËdmH$m§jm Amho.{H$Vrhr amJmdbmV Var
MQ>H$Z amJ {dgéZ j_m H$aUo Amnbm ñd^md Amho.Wmoam_moR>çm§Mm, A{YH$mè`m§Mm,
amO{H$` ZoË`m§Mm Amnë`mbm daXhñV bm^bobm AgVmo.Amnë`mbm ñdmV§Í` {à`
AgVo.{ZîH$nQ> ñd^mdm~Ôb Amnbr »`mVr AgVo.Cƒ Ü`o`mgmR>r Ë`mJ H$aVm.AmnU
ñdm{^_mZ gm§^miVm.
`m amerMo bmoH$ CJ« Moham,hZwdQ>rñWwb,_moR>o Vm|S>,qnJQ> S>moio,XmV _O~wV,é§X ^aXma
N>mVr,{dñVrU© H$nmi,ZmH$ ZH$Q>o,N>mVr nwT>o H$mTy>Z VoOñdr Mmb,{_erXma,{deof AmdmO,
H$miga,qghH$Q>r,ì`m`m_mMr AmdS>,qnJQ> Ho$g,A¸$S>~mO ì`º$s_Ëd,H$mZ bhmZ,
A§Jmda amO{MÝho,S>moù`mVrb A§Va H$_r Ago AgVmV.
amerMm ñdm_r a{d Ë`m_wio eº$s_mZ,VoO…nw§O AgVm.Amnë`m^modVr àX{jUm
KmbUmè`m BVa J«hm§Zm COm© XoUmam J«h Amnbm ñdm_r Amho.AmnU amOmgmaIo VoOñdr,
H$amar,A{^_mZr,éj,VÎdm§Zm _waS> Z KmbUmao H$ï>miy,ewa,g§Vmnr, g§ajH$,H$V©ì`{Zï>,
H$R>moa,ì`dhmar,^mdZonojm H$V©ì` loð> _mZUmao Ago AgVm.H$H©$ amerÀ`m ào_i
_mVoà_mUo qgh amerMm {nVm {_iUo ^m½`mMo AgVo.AmnU BVam§Mm _mZ H$gm amImdm ho
Mm§Jbo OmUVm.hr amOamer Amho nU gÚmÀ`m bmoH$emhr amÁ`mV Amnbo ZmUo IUIUrV
AgwZhr H$mb~mø R>aVo.Ë`m_wio Hw$M§~Zm hmoVo,àg§Jr {ZamenUo VËdm§Zm _waS> Kmbmdr
bmJVo.VoOmo^§J gmVË`mZo hmoV Agë`mZo Amnë`m Z{e~r gy`©nwÌ H$Um©Mo OrdZ
dmQ>çmbm `oVo.AmnU Hw$UmMr ImoQ>r Iwem_V H$aV Zmhr Ë`m_wio Amnbm {_Ì n[adma
H$_r AgVmo.AmnUmg nwamUmnojm VÎdkmZ nQ>Vo.a{dÀ`m VoOmV H$mhr bnV Zmhr.~mn
XmId ZmhrVa l«mÕ H$a Agm Amnbm ~mUm AgVmo.nU gË`nUm XwX£dmZo AmO MmbV
Zmhr.åhUyZ bm`H$s AgwZhr Amnbo {MO hmoV Zmhr.
Amnë`m amerÀ`m H$m§hr C{Udm§hr AmhoV.Amnbr ImoQ>r ñVwVr H$éZ Amnë`mbm
bw~mSUmao IwnOU ^oQ>VmV.Á`m§À`m Im§Úmda _mZ Q>mH$mdr VoM Jim H$mnVmV.AmnU
ñdm{^_mZr Agë`mZo AmnUmg {Q>H$m \$ma Pm|~Vo.Ë`m_wio AmnU Iwn CXmg hmoVm.
Amnbr Hw$M§~Zm hmoVo.CYionUm hm EH$ Amnbm _moR>m Xmof Amho.VgoM AmnU H$mhrdoim
CVmdionUmZo {ZU©` KoVm. J«h pñWVr {~KS>ë`mg \$mbVy Ah§H$ma,Vmoam {_adUo,
_UŠ`mMm Ìmg,öX` {dH$ma,ApñW^§J,{nÎm{dH$ma,qZXm H$aUo Agm àH$ma hmoVmo.
gmB©~m~m§Mm "lÕm Am¡a g~war 'hm _§Ì bjmV R>odm.
gmS>ogmVr-
`m amerbm H$H©$,qgh,H$Ý`m `m amerVrb eZrMo n[a^«_U hmoV AgVmZm gmS>ogmVr
AgVo.Ë`mn¡H$s n{hbr nmM df} d eodQ>Mo ghm _{hZo A{YH$ ÌmgXm`H$ AgVmV.

{ÛVr` ^mdmVrb H$Ý`m amerMo \$b

H$Ý`m - YZñWmZmV H$Ý`m amg AgVm d[að>m§H$Sy>Z cm^ hmoVmo d {hao, _moVr VgoM
{Za{Zamù`m àH$maMr dmhZo Vmo ~miJVmo.
YZñWmZr H$Ý`m amg AgVm Moham Jmoc d ZmOwH$VoZo ^acocm AgVmo. S>moio _moR>o d
H$mio, VoOñdr, OdiOdi AgVmV. AmdmO AmVcm AgVmo. Moham ~m`H$s AgVmo, na§Vw
VaVarV {XgV Agë`m_wio d`mnojm VéU ^mgVmV. ho cmoH$ ~mocmMmcrV \$ma MVwa
AgVmV. àË`oH$ Jmoï>rMr ~marH$gmarH$ {M{H$Ëgm H$aVmV. Xwgè`m§Mr Hw$Moï>m H$aUo, Q>a
CS>{dUo, {dZmoX H$aUo `m§Zm AmdS>Vo. H$mhtÀ`m Mohè`mV d ~mocÊ`mV Vrd«Vm AgVo.
n¡emÀ`m ~m~VrV ho AË`§V ì`dhmar AgVmV. \$mcVy IM© H$aUma ZmhrV. coIZ,
àH$meZ, ñQ>oeZar, d¡ÚH$s, AÜ`mnZ, AH$mC§Q>§g² R>odUo, {heo~ VnmgUo `m H$m_m§nmgyZ
YZ {_iVo. S>m°ŠQ>g©, H§$nmC§S>g©, Zg}g `m§À`m YZñWmZr hr amg AgVo. hr amer adrZo
ì`má Agoc Va d[aîR>m§nmgyZ \$m`Xo hmoVmV. M§Ð d ewH«$mZo ì`má Agoc Va
{hè`m_moË`m§Mr, dmhZm§Mr àmár hmoV.o ~wY {~KS>ë`mg dmUr-Xmof AgVmo. ~mocÊ`mV
\$gdm\$gdr AgVo. {H$Ë`oH$ doim ~mocUo CWi AgVo. AW©àmßVr {deof ZgVo.

V¥{V` ñWmZmVrb Vwi amerMo \$b

Vyi - XwO©Zm§da àrVr R>odUmar, ì`dhmamV Anojonojm H$_r cm^ hmoUmar d gwI
{_i{dÊ`mgmR>r AZmR>m`r IM© H$aUmar Aer hr ì`º$s AgVo.
V¥Vr`mV Vyi amg AgVm _Zwî` \$ma _moR>m A{YH$ma àmá H$ê$ eH$Vmo. hr ewH«$mMr amg
Agë`mZo ZmQ>ç, g§JrV, A{^Z` `m H$coÀ`m joÌmV `eñdr hmoVmo. eZrgmaIm J«h `oWo
Agë`mg amOH$maUmV ~mOr _mê$Z gÎmm {_idVmo. hr _mUgo ao{S>Amo, Q>r.ìhr.,
{Z`VH$m{cHo$ hr àgma_mÜ`_o, aoëdo-~gog {d_mZo hr g§Mma_mÜ`_o, ZmQ>H$-
V_mem-{gZo_m hr H$a_UwH$_mÜ`_o `mgma»`m {R>H$mUr H$m`©aV AgVmV. g§JrVk,
åhUyZ ho cm¡{H$H$ {_idVmV. Y§Xmì`dgm` H$aÊ`mÀ`m {Z{_ÎmmZo `m§Mm Iyn àdmg hmoVmo.
`m§Mo eoOmar H$cmd§V _§S>ir AgVmV. `m§Mo hñVmja gw§Xa AgVo. `m§Zm ~{hUtMo gwI
Mm§Jco {_iVo. ^mdm§Mrhr _XV hmoV.o Am°{\$g_Ü`o _XV hmoVo. Am°{\$g_Ü`o H$m_ H$aUmè`m
ì`º$ser ào_g§~Y § d {ddmh O_y eH$Vmo.
ewH«$ Xy{fV AgVm {gZo_m-ZmQ>Ho$-V_mem AmXr Jmoï>tgmR>r d c¢{JH$ gwImgmR>r n¡gm
~admX H$aVmV. g§JV Iam~ AgVo. ì`dhmamV An`e `oVo. Aja dmB©Q> AgVo. Y§Xm d
M¡Z~mOr `m§Mm {_cm\$ H$aVmV.

MVwW© ñWmZmVrb amerMo \$b-

d¥{üH$ - MVwW©ñWmZr hr amg AgVm _Zwî` {Z~w©Õ, H«$moYr, dmB©Q> g§JV Agcocm d
dr`©hrZ AgVmo.
MVwWm©V d¥{üH$ amer AgVm OÝ_mÀ`m doioÀ`m Amgnmg Hw$UmMm Var _¥Ë`y Pmcocm
AgVmo qH$dm _mVocm àgyVrÀ`m _aUVwë` doXZm hmoVmV. _mVoMm ñd^md \$ma H$S>H$ d
H$amar AgVmo. `oWo nmnJ«h Xy{fV AgVm _mVoMm chmZnUrM _¥Ë`y hmoVmo. KamVrc
dmVmdaU H$S>H$ {eñVrMo AgVo. `m§À`m OÝ_mÀ`m doir d{S>cm§Zr EImXr Zdr OmJm
AJa EH$mXo dmhZ IaoXr Ho$coco AgVo. {ZXmZ EImXr ew^KQ>Zm d{S>cm§À`m g§~§YmV
KS>Vo.
_§Ji ~cdmZ Agë`mg d§ena§namJV O_rZOw_cm, KaXma {_iVo. Kam_Ü`o `m§Mm
H$S>H$ A§_c AgVmo. Kam_Ü`o gdmªZr Amnco A§{H$V amhmdo Ago dmQ>Vo. _mVoÀ`m ~m~VrV
_mÌ ho gm¡å` AgVmV. Kam_Ü`o amOemhr WmQ> hdm AgVmo. `m§Mo Cƒ {ejU Mm§Jco hmoVo.
Ë`mH$[aVm naXoe_JZhr hmoVo. EImXr naXoer {S>J«r AgVo. MVwWm©V d¥{üH$ amg AgVm
ImMamV OÝ_mcm `oD$Z _hmcmV amhm`cm OmVmV.
d¥{üH$ amer nmnJ«h`wº$ AgVm d _§Ji Xy{fV AgVm ^¥Jy§Zr {Xcocr \$co nQ>VmV. `m
_mUgm§Zm JwÝhoJmar cmoH$m§Mr g§JV cm^Vo. KamVrc dmVmdaU g§e`J«ñV, ñdmWu,
Amn_Vc~r cmoH$m§Zr Xy{fV Pmcoco AgVo. `m cmoH$m§Mo _Z gX¡d H$cw{fV d {VañH$mamZo
^acoco AgVo. Kam_Ü`o d Odirc n[agamV qdMy, gmn, nmcr d BVa X§e H$aUmè`m
H$sQ>H$m§Mo gm_«mÁ` AgVo. eZr, amhÿ `m§Zr {~KS>cocr d¥{üH$ amg ^yV{nemƒm§Mo
(Haunted) Ka Xe©dVo. H$moUr _¥VmË_m `m KamV dmñVì` H$arV AgVmo. `m§Mo nyd©O
AV¥á AdñWoV _¥V nmdcoco AgVmV. KamV Aem§Vr d Ag_mYmZ AgVo.

n§M_ ñWmZmVrb YZwMr \$bo

YZy - eÌy§Mm Zme H$aUmar, g§n{ÎmdmZ Am{U amOXa~mamV _mZgÝ_mZ {_idUmar Aer
g§VVr øm ì`º$sg hmoVo.
n§M_mV YZw amer AgVm ^¥Jmoº$ \$co {_iVmV. na§Vw YZw amg ewÕ ñdê$nmV
Agoc VaM hm AZw^d {_iVmo. hr Aëng§VVr XoUmar amer Amho. `m§Zm EImXm nwÌ
AgVmo. Jwê$ Xy{fV Agë`mg dm n§M_mV órJ«h Agë`mg Ho$di _wcrM hmoVmV. n§M_mV
amhÿ Agë`mg J^©nmV hmoVmV. na§Vw Jwê$ ~cdmZ Agë`mg H$mhr X¡dr Cnm`m§Zr _wcJm
hmoVmo. n§M_oe Jwê$ d nwÌH$maH$ Jwê$ ho EH$M Agë`mZo Vmo ewÕ ñdénmV Agë`mgM
nwÌg§VVr hmoVo. AÝ`Wm dmB©Q> \$c {_iVo. _mÌ hm EH$M nwÌ Agcm Var _hmZ ~ZVmo.
EImÚm joÌmV hm _mZgÝ_mZ {_idVmoM.
Jwê$ YZH$maH$ Agë`mZo n§M_mV YZw amer AgVm ho cmoH$ gÅ>m, OwJma, aogog `m
_mJm©Zo YZ {_i{dÊ`mMm n«`ËZ H$aVmV. ho EImÚm ~c~Mo _mcH$ AgVmV. ho
KmoS>çm§À`m e`©Vr_Ü`o {deof ag AgVo. ho cmoH$ ZmQ>H$, {gZo_merhr g§~§YrV AgVmV.
H$m`Xm, VËdkmZ, {ejU, Y_©, AW©emó `mn¡H$s EImÚm {df`mV ho àmdrÊ`
g§nmXZ H$aVmV. Ë`mgmR>r ho dmQ>oc VodT>r _ohZV KoVmV. `m_Ü`o Vo {eIa ga H$aVmV.
_mÌ Jwê$ Xy{fV Agë`mg ho nmoH$i ~T>m`m _maVmV. àË`j ~m¡{ÕH$ H$am_Vrnojm
~S>~S> OmñV AgVo. c¢{JH$ OrdZhr ~a~Q>coco AgVo. Zr{Vemó H$odi ^mfUmV
amhmVo. JwánUo dm CKS> gd© qZÚ H$_} H$aVmV.

fð> ñWmZmVrb _H$a amerMo \$b

_H$a - lr_§V ì`º$s~amo~a øm§Mo d¡a AgVo. ømÀ`m OÝ_mÀ`m doir gmYyOZ øm§À`mH$S>o
Amcoco AgVmV.
fð>mV _H$a amer AgVm øm§Zm eÌy Iyd AgVmV. na§Vw Vo øm§Zm Q>aHy$Z AgVmV.
øm§Mo {damoYH$ _hmH$mañWmZr , nmVmi`§Ìr d ñdmWu AgVmV. øm§À`m g_moa Vo H$mhr
~mocV ZmhrV nU _mJmhÿZ H$mS>çm KmcÊ`mMo Y§Xo H$aVmV. øm§Mr BVam§Zm H$_r
coIÊ`mMr d¥Îmr Agë`mZo eÌwËM AmoT>dyZ KoVmV. {ddmhm_wio eÌwËd {Z_m©U hmoVo.
gmgaMr _mUgo d¡ar ~ZVmV. ømÀ`m AmdS>r-{ZdS>r Iyn Agë`m_wio hcŠ`mgcŠ`m
Jmoï>tMm ho {VañH$ma H$aVmV.ì`mnmaY§ÚmV øm§Mo Iyn à{VñnYu AgVmV. ^¥J§Z y r
{Xcoë`m \$cmMr CnnÎmr cmJV Zmhr.
øm ñWmZMr _H$aamer JwS>Ko Xw~io H$aVo. JwS>¿`mMr dmQ>r gaH$Uo, g§{YdmV,
W§S>rMo {dH$ma, CÝ_mX, öX`{dH$ma, aº$Xm~mMo {dH$ma, Mm_S>rMo amoJ, njmKmV AmXr
{dH$ma {Z_mU© hmoD$ eH$VmV.
_H$aamer ImUr, H$moiemMm Y§Xm, {ego, ñWmda _mc_Îmm, eoVrdmS>r, cmH$S>o
{dH$Uo, nmWadQ>, ßc§~a, Jd§S>r, H$ï>mÀ`m ZmoH$è`m, å`w{Z{gnm{cQ>r, cmoH$c~moS>©,
{~ëS>g©, gaH$mar d {Z_gaH$mar ZmoH$è`m Xe©{dVo. gìh}Ag©, H$mVS>r H$_mdUmao, {~pëS>¨J
_Q>o[a`c {dH$Umao, ImoXH$m_ H$aUmao, YmVyda H$moard H$m_ H$aUmao `m amerda OÝ_VmV.
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Zd_ ñWmZmVrb amerMo \$b-

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