CIVIL PROCEDURE

Rizal Memorial Colleges

School of Law
Atty. Sarah S. Atienza

COURSE OUTLINE

I. GENERAL PRINCIPLES

A. Concept and Nature

Cortal v. Larrazabal, G.R. No. 199107, August 30, 2017

Malixi et al v. Baltazar, G.R. No. 208224, November 22, 2017

B. Substantive Law vs. Procedural Law

Macawiag v. Balindong, G.R. No. 159210, September 20, 2006

C. Rule-making power of the Supreme Court - Art. VIII, Sec. 5 (5), 1987
Constitution

Estipona v. Lobrigo, G.R. No. 226679, August 15, 2017

D. Applicability to pending actions

1. General Rule: Retroactivity; No vested rights to rules of court

San Luis v. CA, G.R. No. 142649, September 13, 2001

Zulueta v. Asia Brewery, G.R. No. 138137, March 8, 2001

2. Exceptions

Tan, Jr. v. CA, G.R. No. 136368, January 16, 2002

E. Power of Supreme Court to Suspend Rules of Court

McBurnie v. Ganzon, G.R. Nos. 178034 & 178117, 186984-85, October 17, 2013

Keppel Cebu Shipyard, Inc. v. Pioneer Insurance and Surety, G.R. Nos. 180880-
81, September 18, 2012

F. Liberal Construction of Rules - Rule 1, Section 6, Rules on Civil Procedure, as

amended

Suico Industrial Corporation et al v. Yap, G.R. No. 177711, September 5, 2012

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G. Doctrine of Exhaustion of Administrative Remedies

Sps. Gonzales v. Marmaine Realty Corporation, G.R. No. 214241, January 13,
2016

H. Doctrine of Primary Jurisdiction

Republic of the Philippines v. Gallo, G.R. No. 207074, January 17, 2018

I. Doctrine of Non-Interference / Judicial Stability

Tan v. Cinco, G.R. No. 213054, June 15, 2016

II. JURISDICTION

A. Definition and Nature

Cuenca v. PCGG, G.R. Nos. 159104-05, October 5, 2007

Cang v. CA, G.R. No. 105308, September 25, 1998

B. Classification of jurisdiction

1. Original v. Appellate

2. General v. Special

3. Exclusive v. Concurrent

C. Doctrine of Hierarchy of Courts and Continuity / Adherence of Jurisdiction

Dy v. Bibat-Palamos, G.R. No. 196200, September 11, 2013

Barrameda Vda. De Ballesteros v. Rural Bank of Canaman, G.R. No. 176260,

November 24, 2010

D. Jurisdiction of Philippine Courts - Art. VIII, Sec 5(4), 1987 Constitution; Art. VI,
Sec. 30, 1987 Constitution; B.P. 129 (Judicial Reorganization Act), as amended
by RA 7691 and RA 115761; PD 1606 as amended by RA 8249; RA 106990; RA
8369; RA 8799, Sec 5.2; Secs. 399-422, LGC; Rules on Expedited Procedures in
First Level Courts (AM 08-8-7-SC); RA 8369

1. Supreme Court

2. Court of Appeals

3. Sandiganbayan
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4. Court of Tax Appeals

5. Regional Trial Courts

6. Municipal Trial Courts, Metropolitan Trial Courts, Municipal Trial Courts

in Cities and Municipal Circuit Trial Courts

a) Small Claims

b) Summary Procedure

7. Family Courts

8. Katarungang Pambarangay

E. Aspects of Jurisdiction

De Joya v. Marquez, G.R. No. 162416, January 31, 2006

1. Jurisdiction over the Subject Matter

Cang v. CA, supra.

Republic of the Philippines v. Estipular, G.R. No. 136588, July 20, 2000

City of Dumaguete v. Philippine Ports Authority, G.R. No. 168973, August

24, 2011

a) Jurisdiction over the subject matter distinguished from exercise of

jurisdiction

Spouses Manila v. Spouses Manzo, G.R. No. 163602, September 7,

2011

b) Error of judgment distinguished from error of jurisdiction

Julie’s Franchise Corp. v. Ruiz, G.R. No. 180988, August 28, 2009

2. Jurisdiction over the Parties

Davao Light and Power Co., Inc. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 93262
December 29, 1991

Ang Ping v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 126947, July 15, 1999 (cf. Rule 14
- Summons. Note the amendments under the 2019 Rules.)

3. Jurisdiction over the Issues

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Reyes v. Diaz, G.R. No. L-48754, November 26, 1941

4. Jurisdiction over the Res or the property or thing which is the subject of
the litigation

Gomez v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 127692, March 10, 2004

Frias v. Alcayde, G.R. No. 194262, February 28, 2018

a) Actions in personam, in rem and quasi in rem

b) Distinguish from personal and real actions

5. Estoppel

Tijam v. Sibonghanoy, G.R. No. L-21450, April 15, 1968

Figueroa v. People of the Philippines, G.R. No. 147406, July 14, 2008