Lines

P = Normal Axial Load

a e
L1 ＝ T L3 ＝ c L5 ＝ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
a2 + e2 d1 ＝ ―⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
a2 + e2 d2 ＝ ―⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
a2 + e2 Δ = Virtual Displacement
e a
L2 ＝ 0 L4 ＝ L + x L6 ＝ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
b2 + e2 External Work = Internal Work
e b
d3 ＝ ― ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
b2 + e2 d4 ＝ ― ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
b2 + e2 P ⋅ Δ = IW
b e
Angles
Δ Δ Δ Δ Δ Δ Δ
ϕ1 ＝ ― ϕ2 ＝ ― ϕ3 ＝ ― ϕ4 ＝ ― ϕ5 ＝ ― ϕ6 ＝ ϕ4 + ϕ5 ϕ7 ＝ ― ϕ8 ＝ ― ϕ9 ＝ ϕ7 + ϕ8
e b a d1 d2 d3 d4

Flexural Strength Per Unit Length

Fy ⋅ tw 2
Mp ＝ ―――
4

IW ＝ Mp ⋅ ⎛⎝ϕ1 ⎛⎝L1 + L3⎞⎠ + ϕ2 ⋅ ⎛⎝L2 + L4⎞⎠ + ϕ3 ⋅ ⎛⎝L2 + L4⎞⎠ + ϕ6 ⋅ ⎛⎝L5⎞⎠ + ϕ9 ⋅ ⎛⎝L6⎞⎠⎞⎠

⎛Δ Δ Δ ⎛ Δ Δ ⎞ ⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2 ⎞ ⎛ Δ Δ ⎞ ⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2 ⎞⎞
IW ＝ Mp ⋅ ⎜―⋅ ((T + c)) + ―⋅ ((0 + L + x)) + ―⋅ ((0 + L + x)) + ⎜――――― + ――――― ⎟ ⋅ ⎝ a + e ⎠ + ⎜―――― + ――――⎟ ⋅ ⎝ b + e ⎠⎟
⎜e b a ⎜― a
⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
a2 + e2
e
―⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
a2 + e2 ⎟ ⎜― e
⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
b2 + e2
b
― ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
b2 + e2 ⎟ ⎟
⎜⎝ ⎜⎝ e a ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ b e ⎟⎠ ⎟⎠

Δ ⋅ ⎛⎝((b + a)) ⋅ e 2 + ((((b + a)) ⋅ x + L ⋅ b + L ⋅ a)) ⋅ e + a ⋅ b ⋅ c + a ⋅ b 2 + ⎛⎝a 2 + T ⋅ a⎞⎠ ⋅ b⎞⎠ ⋅ e -1

P ⋅ Δ ＝ Mp ⋅ ―――――――――――――――――――――――――
a⋅b

⎛⎝((b + a)) ⋅ e 2 + ((((b + a)) ⋅ x + L ⋅ b + L ⋅ a)) ⋅ e + a ⋅ b ⋅ c + a ⋅ b 2 + ⎛⎝a 2 + T ⋅ a⎞⎠ ⋅ b⎞⎠ ⋅ e -1

P ＝ Mp ⋅ ――――――――――――――――――――――――
a⋅b
Get the Derivative.
dP ⎛1 ⎛1 ⎛ c b a T ⎞⎞⎞
―― ＝ Mp ⋅ ⎜―+ ⎜―- ⎜― + ― + ― + ― ⎟⎟⎟
de ⎝a ⎝b ⎝e
2
e2 e2 e 2 ⎠⎠⎠

Equate to Zero, then solve for the value of e.

⎛ 1 1⎞
0 ＝ Mp ⋅ ⎜-c ⋅ e -2 - b ⋅ e -2 - a ⋅ e -2 - T ⋅ e -2 + ―+ ―⎟
⎝ a b⎠

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
((a + b + c + T))
e ＝ ―――――
1 1
―+ ―
a b

Where T = a+b+c
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
((T + T))
e ＝ ―――
1 1
―+ ―
a b

Simplifying.
‾‾‾‾‾‾
2T
e ＝ ―――
1 1
―+ ―
a b
 ‾‾‾‾‾‾
2T
e ＝ ―――
1 1
―+ ―
a b

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 T ⋅ ((ab))
e ＝ ――――――
1 ((ab)) 1 ((ab))
――― + ―――
a b

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 T ⋅ ((ab))
e ＝ ―――
b+a

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 T⋅a⋅b
e ＝ ―――
b+a

Axial Capacity.

⎛⎝((b + a)) ⋅ e 2 + ((((b + a)) ⋅ x + L ⋅ b + L ⋅ a)) ⋅ e + a ⋅ b ⋅ c + a ⋅ b 2 + ⎛⎝a 2 + T ⋅ a⎞⎠ ⋅ b⎞⎠ ⋅ e -1

P ＝ Mp ⋅ ――――――――――――――――――――――――
a⋅b

⎛⎝((b + a)) ⋅ e 2 + ((((b + a)) ⋅ x + L ⋅ b + L ⋅ a)) ⋅ e + a ⋅ b ⋅ c + a ⋅ b 2 + ⎛⎝a 2 + T ⋅ a⎞⎠ ⋅ b⎞⎠ ⋅ e -1 simplify e -1 + 2 e -1 + 2 x x L L

―――――――――――――――――――――――― ――― → ――+ ――+ c ⋅ e -1 + b ⋅ e -1 + a ⋅ e -1 + T ⋅ e -1 + ―+ ―+ ―+ ―
a⋅b a b a b a b 2
―
2 T ((b + a)) ⋅ ((e + x + L))
―― + ――――――
e a⋅b
1
⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 T⋅a⋅b ⎞ ―
((b + a)) ⋅ ⎜ ―――+ x + L⎟ a
2T ⎝ b+a ⎠
――――+ ―――――――――
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 T⋅a⋅b a⋅b
―――
b+a

⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 T⋅a⋅b ⎞
((b + a)) ⋅ ⎜ ―――+ x + L⎟
2T ⎝ b+a ⎠ simplify 2 ⋅ ‾‾
2 ⋅T x x L L
――――+ ―――――――――――― → ―――― + ―+ ―+ ―+ ―
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 T⋅a⋅b a⋅b ‾‾‾‾‾‾
T⋅a⋅b a b a b
――― ―――
b+a b+a

2 ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 ⋅ T ⋅ a ⋅ b ⋅ ((a + b)) + L ((a + b)) + x ((a + b))
――――――――――――――
ab

2 ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 ⋅ T ⋅ a ⋅ b ⋅ ((a + b)) + L ((a + b)) + x ((a + b))
P ＝ Mp ⋅ ――――――――――――――
ab

Fy ⋅ tw 2 2 ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 ⋅ T ⋅ a ⋅ b ⋅ ((a + b)) + L ((a + b)) + x ((a + b))
P ＝ ――― ⋅ ――――――――――――――
4 ab

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
8 T⋅a⋅b
Axial Capacity if x ≥ ―――
b+a

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
8 T⋅a⋅b ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
8 T⋅a⋅b
――― ―――
2 ⋅ ‾‾
2 ⋅T b+a b+a L L simplify 4 ⋅ ‾‾
2 ⋅T L L
―――― + ――――+ ――――+ ―+ ―――― → ―――― + ―+ ―
‾‾‾‾‾‾
T⋅a⋅b a b a b ‾‾‾‾‾‾
T⋅a⋅b a b
――― ―――
b+a b+a
 4 ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 ⋅ T ⋅ a ⋅ b ⋅ ((a + b)) + L ((a + b))
P ＝ Mp ⋅ ――――――――――
ab

Fy ⋅ tw 2 4 ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 ⋅ T ⋅ a ⋅ b ⋅ ((a + b)) + L ((a + b))
P ＝ ――― ⋅ ――――――――――
4 ab