Muscles of The Hip Bone By Sanaa and Muhammad

Muscle Origin Insertion Function

Gluteus maximus Along the crest of the Posterior aspect of the Hip extension external
ilium, sacrum, and the greater trochanter of the rotation
coccyx. femur and the iliotibial
tract.

Gluteus medius Lateral surface of the Posterior surface of the Abduction & internal
ilium. greater trochanter. rotation of the thigh.

Gluteus minimus Lateral surface of the Anterior surface of the Same as above.
ilium. greater trochanter.

Tensor fasciae latae Anterior Iliotibial tract To flex, abduct, &

iliac crest. medially rotate the
thigh.

Sartorius Anterior superior iliac Medial surface of the Acts across two joints,
spine. tibia. flexion, outward
rotation, & helps flex
the knee.

Iliacus Inner surface of the Lesser trochanter of the Hip flexion

ilium. femur.

Psoas major First 5 lumber Lesser trochanter of the Hip &/or trunk flexion.
vertebrae. femur

Psoas minor 12 thoracic and 1st Top of the pubic bone. Weak trunk flexor.
lumber vertebrae.
(40% of the population)

Adductor longus Body of pubis. Linea aspera. Hip adduction

Adductor magnus Inferior ramus of pubis Linea aspera Hip adduction &
and ischial tuberosity. extension.

Adductor brevis Body of the inferior Pectineal line and the Hip adduction & hip
ramus of pubis. linea aspera extension

Pectineus Superior ramus of The lesser trochanter to Hip adduction & hip
pubis. linea aspera. flexion.

Gracilis Inferior ramus of pubis Below the medial tibial Hip adduction & flexes
condyle. the knee.

Rectus femoris Anterior inferior iliac Join at the patellar Knee extension & hip
spine. tendon, & inserts on the flexion
tibial tuberosity of the
 tibia.

Biceps femoris Ischial tuberosity and Its fiber join and then Extensor of the hip,
the linea aspera. insert into the head of flexor of the knee &
the fibula. externally rotates the
flexed knee.

Semimembranosus Ischial tuberosity Its fibers insert in the Flexes the knee, rotates
posterior aspect of the the knee inward &
medial tibial condyle. helps extend the hip.

Semitendinosus Ischial tuberosity Its "belly" ends

two-thirds of the way
down the thigh at its
tendon, which
continues on to insert at
the proximal part of the
tibia below the
medial condyle.

Iliotibial tract (band) Iliac crest and hip joint Tubercle of iliotibial Lateral stabilization of
capsule. tract hip and knee.

Hip flexion, extension,

abduction, lateral
rotation, & medial
rotation.

Injury- IT Band:

● What: Pain in the lateral side of the knee caused by repeated extension and flexion of the
leg.
● Symptoms:
- Pain on the lateral side of the knee.
- Pain in the thigh and hip bone.
- Burning sensation
- Pain may only be experienced when working out/exercising.
● Diagnosis:
- Physical exam of the knee and leg which tests a range of motions, strength and
sore areas in the knee.
 - Additional tests to help distinguish if the pain is from IT band syndrome or other
knee issues.
- An X-ray or MRI scan can be done for additional clarification.

● Treatment:
- Icing the knee.

- Getting rest and limiting activities.

- Taking painkillers.

- Correcting or adjusting your form when running or riding your bike.

- A physical therapist or a massage therapist may be needed.

- Rehab exercises.

● Causes:
- Not exercising properly

- Not warming up.

- Not wearing proper footwear.

- Not having the proper form when running.

● Recovery:
- Usually recovers on it’s own.
- In some cases you will need surgery.
- Can take up to 4-8 weeks to recover.

Rehabilitation Exercises:

● IT Band Stretch:
 ● Piriformis Stretch:

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● Hamstring Wall Stretch:

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● Foam Roller Stretch:

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● Hip Abduction:

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● Figure 4 Bridge: